1初中英语语法名词PPT课件.ppt
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1初中英语语法名词PPT课件.ppt
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thinkoverthefollowingwords,anddividetheminto2groups,party,listen,room,buy,water,football,do,take,desk,look,英语语法词性详解一名词,一、什么是“名词”及名词的分类,二、可数名词变复数的规则,三、不可数名词,四、名词所有格,五、练习,、典型例题分析,、练习,(),(),(),(4),
(1),
(2),名词:
表示一类事物名称的词。
返回,1.规则变化,2.不规则变化,1、一般加-s,如:
maps,cars,2、以s,x,sh,ch结尾的加-es;如:
dish-dishes,3、以辅音字母加y结尾的,先变y为i,再加-es;如:
baby-babies,family-families,4、以f,fe结尾的名词,通常要变f或fe为v,再加-es;如:
leaf-leaves,wife-wives,life-lives,thief-thieves;注:
belief-beliefs(信心),roof-roofs(屋顶),safe-safes(保险箱),gulf-gulfs(海湾)则直接加s,5、以o结尾的名词,变复数时:
a.加s,如:
photophotos,pianopianos,kilo-kilos,radioradios,zoozoos;b.加es,如:
potatopotatoes,tomatotomatoes,heroheroes(英雄),改变部分字母:
woman-women妇女,man-men男人,policeman-polimen警察child-children孩子,mouse-mice老鼠,foot-feet脚,tooth-teeth牙,单、复数同形:
yuan元,people人、人民,Chinese中国人,Japanese日本人,sheep绵羊,deer鹿,fish鱼,关于“国人”的复数:
中、日友好:
Chinese-Chinese中国人,Japanese-Japanese日本人英、法联邦:
Englishman-Englishmen,英国男人Englishwoman-Englishwomen英国女人;Frenchman-Frenchmen,法国男人Frenchwoman-Frenchwomen法国女人;澳、加、美:
Australian-Australians,Canadian-Canadians,American-Americans,返回,不可数名词:
(前面不能用a,an等来修饰)到目前为止我们所学的不可数名词有:
液体类(water):
juice(果汁),tea(茶),soup(汤),milk(牛奶),cola(可乐),coffee(咖啡),肉类(meat):
beef(牛肉),pork(猪肉),mutton(羊肉)粉末类:
powder(面粉),抽象名词类:
news(新闻,消息),information(消息),money(钱),advice(建议),friendship(友谊),work(工作),homework(家庭作业),housework(家务活),schoolwork(学业),help(帮助),fun(乐趣),health(健康),price(价格)食物类(food):
rice(大米,米饭),junkfood(垃圾食品),chocolate(巧克力),tofu(豆腐),不可数名词计量的表达:
个数单位词:
piece(张、片、块、条),容器单位词:
bottle(瓶),bag(包),box(盒、箱),类别单位词:
kind(种、类)度量衡单位词:
kilo(千克、公斤),返回,名词所有格:
表示“(某人)的”:
一般在名词后加s构成。
如:
Jimsmother吉姆的妈妈Myteachersdesk我老师的桌子thedogsname那狗的名字若以S结尾词,则在S后加.如:
theboys那些男孩的。
表示几个人共同的东西,只在最后一个人后加。
如:
LucyandLilysmother。
Lucy和Lily的妈妈(两人是姐妹)表示几个人都分别有的东西,则每个都加。
如:
LucysandLilysmothers.Lucy的妈妈和Lily的妈妈(两人不是姐妹)一般用.of.结构来表示无生命的名词所有格:
如:
thedooroftheroom房间的门amapofChina一张中国地图thephotosofmysister我妹妹的照片双重所有格,例:
afriendofmyfathers,aclassmateofmine,返回,典型题例分析,例1下列几组复数名词中,每组都有一个错词,请指出:
1A.ChineseB.FrenchmenC.EnglishmenD.Germen,2.A.tomatoesB.photosC.radioesD.potatoes,3.A.desksB.AmericansC.friendsD.breads,4.A.storiesB.familiesC.playsD.keies,5.A.leavesB.knivesC.roovesD.shelves,6.A.clothesB.monthesC.mouthsD.fifths,返回,例2判断下列文哪句译正确:
多好的消息啊!
A.Whatagoodnewsitis!
B.Whatgoodnewsitis!
例3单项选择Whatyouneedismore.Dontalwaysdoyouratyourdesk.exercise;exerciseB.exercises;exersisesC.exercises;exerciseD.exercise;exercises,例4单项选择Alltheteachersandstudentsarehavingaparty.A.women;girlsB.women;girlC.woman;girlsD.woman;girl,例5改错Mytrousersaretoolong,buthersistooshort.,返回,例6用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空:
Idontthinkmaths(be)easy.,例7单项选择:
Mabelgaveme.A.twobreadB.somebreadsC.apiecebreadD.twopiecesofbread,例8改错:
ShallIwaitforyouattheschoolsgateatfivethisafter-noon?
例9单项选择:
motherisaworker.MaryandMikesB.MarysandMikesC.MarysaneMikeD.MaryandMike,返回,例10单项选择:
1.Aftertheexams,weshallhaveholiday.A.twomonthsB.two-monthC.atwomonthD.atwomonths2.MrSmithis.A.EnglishB.EnglishmanC.EnglishwomanD.Englishmen3.WangLeiwasborninWuhan,butGuangzhouhasbecomehersecond.AfamilyB.homeC.houseD.country4.MostEnglistpeoplesfamilynamecomesA.firstB.middleC.lastD.together5.Thereisaovertheriver.A.shipB.boatC.bridgeD.village,例13改错Youdbetterhavewalkaftersupper.,返回,用括号中所给词的适当形式填空:
1Thetwogirlsare(Japan).,2.The(baby)areasleep.,3.Doyouknowthetwo(manteacher)?
4.The(child)arewashingtheir(foot).,5.Therearetwo(people)andlotsof(sheep)inthefields.,6.September10is(teacher)Day.,7.Ithinkphysics(be)moreinterestingthanmaths.,8.Dontyouthinkthe(radio)aretoonoisy?
9.Whose(knife)arethese?
10.“Whosehouseisthis?
”“Itsthe(Smith)”.,返回,单项选择:
Theboydroppedtheandbrokeit.A.cupofcoffeeB.coffeescupC.cupforcoffeeD.coffeecup,2.Intime,thosemountainswillbecoveredwithtrees,too.A.fewyearsB.afewyearsC.afewyearD.afewyears,3.Grannyisbadlyill.Wehavetotakehertothe.A.farmB.postofficeC.shipD.hospital,4.Ihavetotellyou.A.anewsB.manynewsC.agoodpieceofnewsD.manynewses,5.aresoldinthatshop.A.MensandchildrensshoesB.MensandchildsshoesC.MensandchildrenshoesD.Manandchildshoes,6.Ifanyonecomestoseeme,askhimtoleavea.A.messageB.letterC.sentenceD.notice,7.MissSmithisafriendof.A.MarysmothersB.MarysmotherC.MarymothersD.MothersofMary.,8.Ifthesetrousersaretoobig,buyasmaller.A.pieceB.kindC.copyD.pair,9.Itsmydog.A.sisterLilysB.sistersLilysC.sisterLilyD.sistersLily,10.ShehadbeautifulblackbutIcouldseesomewhite.A.hair;hairB.hairs;hairsC.hair;hairsD.hairs;hair,返回,名称总称(谓语用复数)一个人两个人中国人theChineseaChinesetwoChinese瑞士人theSwissaSwisstwoSwiss澳大利亚人theAustraliansanAustraliantwoAustralians俄国人theRussiansaRussiantwoRussians意大利人theItaliansanItaliantwoItalians希腊人theGreekaGreektwoGreeks法国人theFrenchaFrenchmantwoFrenchmen日本人theJapaneseaJap
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