U9.docx
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U9.docx
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U9
Unit9
Passage:
TheEuropeanUnion(EU)(Ⅰ)
[Para1]TheEuropeanUnion(EU)isafamilyofdemocraticEuropeancountries,committedtoworkingtogetherforpeaceandprosperity.ItisnotaStateintendedtoreplaceexistingstates,butitismorethananyotherinternationalorganization.TheEUis,infact,unique.ItsMemberStateshavesetupcommoninstitutionstowhichtheydelegatesomeoftheirsovereigntysothatdecisionsonspecificmattersofjointinterestcanbemadedemocraticallyatEuropeanlevel.Thispoolingofsovereigntyisalsocalled"Europeanintegration".
[Para2]ThehistoricalrootsoftheEuropeanUnionlieintheSecondWorldWar.TheideaofEuropeanintegrationwasconceivedtopreventsuchkillinganddestructionfromeverhappeningagain.ItwasfirstproposedbytheFrenchForeignMinisterRobertSchumaninaspeechon9May1950.Thisdate,the"birthday"ofwhatisnowtheEU,iscelebratedannuallyasEuropeDay.
[Para3]TherearefiveEUinstitutions,eachplayingaspecificrole:
●EuropeanParliament(electedbythepeoplesoftheMemberStates);
●CounciloftheEuropeanUnion(representingthegovernmentsoftheMemberStates);
●EuropeanCommission(drivingforceandexecutivebody);
●CourtofJustice(ensuringcompliancewiththelaw);
●CourtofAuditors(controllingsoundandlawfulmanagementoftheEUbudget).
Theseareflankedbyfiveotherimportantbodies:
●EuropeanEconomicandSocialCommittee(expressestheopinionsoforganisedcivilsocietyoneconomicandsocialissues);
●CommitteeoftheRegions(expressestheopinionsofregionalandlocalauthorities);
●EuropeanCentralBank(responsibleformonetarypolicyandmanagingtheeuro);
●EuropeanOmbudsman(dealswithcitizens'complaintsaboutmaladministrationbyanyEUinstitutionorbody);
●EuropeanInvestmentBank(helpsachieveEUobjectivesbyfinancinginvestmentprojects);
Anumberofagenciesandotherbodiescompletethesystem.
[Para4]TheruleoflawisfundamentaltotheEuropeanUnion.AllEUdecisionsandproceduresarebasedontheTreaties,whichareagreedbyalltheEUcountries.
[Para5]Initially,theEUconsistedofjustsixcountries:
Belgium,Germany,France,Italy,LuxembourgandtheNetherlands.Denmark,IrelandandtheUnitedKingdomjoinedin1973,Greecein1981,SpainandPortugalin1986,Austria,FinlandandSwedenin1995.In2004thebiggesteverenlargementtookplacewith10newcountriesjoining.
[Para6]Intheearlyyears,muchoftheco-operationbetweenEUcountrieswasabouttradeandtheeconomy,butnowtheEUalsodealswithmanyothersubjectsofdirectimportanceforoureverydaylife,suchascitizens'rights;ensuringfreedom,securityandjustice;jobcreation;regionaldevelopment;environmentalprotection;makingglobalisationworkforeveryone.
[Para7]TheEuropeanUnionhasdeliveredhalfacenturyofstability,peaceandprosperity.Ithashelpedtoraiselivingstandards,builtasingleEurope-widemarket,launchedthesingleEuropeancurrency,theeuro,andstrengthenedEurope'svoiceintheworld.
[Para8]Unityindiversity:
Europeisacontinentwithmanydifferenttraditionsandlanguages,butalsowithsharedvalues.TheEUdefendsthesevalues.Itfostersco-operationamongthepeoplesofEurope,promotingunitywhilepreservingdiversityandensuringthatdecisionsaretakenascloseaspossibletothecitizens.
[Para9]Intheincreasinglyinterdependentworldofthe21stcentury,itwillbeevenmorenecessaryforeveryEuropeancitizentoco-operatewithpeoplefromothercountriesinaspiritofcuriosity,toleranceandsolidarity.
Euro-asinglecurrencyforEuropeans
[Para10]TheeuroisthenameofthesingleEuropeancurrencythatwasputintocirculationon1January2002.Thesymboloftheeurois€.
[Para11]Theeurohasreplacedtheoldnationalcurrenciesin12EuropeanUnioncountries:
Austria,Belgium,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,theNetherlands,PortugalandSpain.
[Para12]Havingasinglecurrencymakesiteasiertotravelandtocompareprices,anditprovidesastableenvironmentforEuropeanbusiness,stimulatinggrowthandcompetitiveness.
Freetomove
[Para13]Youcantravel,studyandworkwhereveryouwantinthe15EuropeanUnioncountries,ifyouareaEUcitizen.TheEUisworkingconstantlytogiveitscitizensgreaterfreedomofmovementasafundamentalrightandtogetridofalldiscriminationbasedonnationality.
[Para14]InmostoftheEUyoucantravelwithoutcarryingapassportandwithoutbeingstoppedforchecksattheborders.Withveryfewexceptions,youmaybuyanythingyouwantanywhereyouwantandtakeitallbackhomewithyou.
[Para15]TheEUdoesnotdecidewhatyoulearninschool,butitdoesworktoensurethatyoureducationalandprofessionalqualificationsareproperlyrecognisedinotherEUcountries.TheEUisworkingtoprovideaccesstolearningopportunitiesforeveryone,athomeandabroad,throughpartnershipsandexchangeschemesandbyremovingbureaucraticobstacles.OveramillionyoungpeoplehavetakenadvantageofEUprogrammes,suchas"ERASMUS",topursuetheirstudiesandpersonaldevelopmentinanotherEuropeancountry.
Keepingthepeace
[Para16]WarbetweenEUcountriesisnowunthinkable,thankstotheunitythathasbeenbuiltupbetweenthemoverthelast50years.Giventhissuccess,theEUisnowincreasinglyinvolvedinpreservingpeaceandcreatingstabilityinneighbouringcountries.
[Para17]TheEuropeanUnionwantstopreventconflicts.TheEUisthebiggestdonoroffinancialassistancetotroubledplacesintheworld.Itisactiveinpeacekeepingandpeacemakingactions,anditrunsmanyprojectsthathelptomakehumanrightsanddemocracysucceedinpracticalterms.
[Para18]ToenableitsMemberStatestospeakandactinunisonontheworldstage,theEUisdevelopingitscommonforeignandsecuritypolicyandthereareplansformoreco-operationondefencequestions.
Anareaoffreedom,securityandjustice
[Para19]Weallwantsafetyandsecurityinourlives.Someoftheunrestthatmightthreateneverydaylifeinourlocalneighbourhoodhasinternationalroots,andEuropeancountriesaremakingajointefforttotackletheseproblems.Theyincludeinternationalterrorism,drugtraffickingandabuse,traffickinginhumanbeingsandtheillegalexploitationofforeignwomenforprostitution.TheEUcountriesaredeterminedtofighttheseevilsbyadoptingcommonrulesandthroughco-operationbetweentheirpolice,customsandlawcourts.
[Para20]TheEUalsoplaysaroleinasylumandmigrationpolicy.Itguaranteesrespectfortherighttoseekasylum.Atthesametime,theEUcountriesareco-ordinatingtheirpoliciesforrefugeesandtryingtotackletheproblematsourcebycombatingpovertyandpreventingconflictsinthecountriesfromwhichpeoplemightwanttoflee.
Fewerfrontiers:
morejobs!
[Para21]SafeguardingemploymentinEuropeandcreatingnewjobsisoneoftheEuropeanUnion'skeytasks.Europeanindustrywillnotbeabletoprovidemorejobsunlesstheeconomicconditionsareright.AndtherightconditionsareexactlywhattheUnionisworkingtoachieve.
[Para22]Bycreatingafrontier-freesinglemarketandasinglecurrency,theeuro,theEUhasalreadygivenasignificantboosttotradeandemploymentinEurope.Ithasanagreedstrategyforstimulatinggrowthandgeneratingmoreandbetterjobs.Tomorrow'sjobswillbecreatedthroughresearch,trainingandeducation,aspiritofentrepreneurship,adaptabilitytonewworkingmethodsandequalopportunitiesforeverybody.
NewWords
*
adaptability
n.
适应性
*
asylum
n.
庇护,收容所,救济院
*
bureaucratic
adj.
官僚(政治)的
*
commit
vt.
(commitsomeonetodoingsomething)要/规定某人干某事
*
conceive
vt.
构思,设想
*
curiosity
n.
新鲜,好奇
*
delegate
vt.
n.
委派…为代表
代表
*
discrimination
n.
识别;歧视
*
donor
n.
捐赠人
**
euro
n.
欧元
*
exploitation
n.
开发;剥削
*
flank
vt.
在…侧/两面
*
integration
n.
联合,合并
***
maladministration
n.
暴政,乱政
*
migration
n.
移民
*
nationality
n.
国籍;民族
**
ombudsman
n.
检察官
**
parliament
n.
议会
**
pool
vt.&vi..
合伙经营,集中智慧
***
prostitution
n.
卖淫
*
refugee
n.
难民
*
solidarity
n.
团结
*
sovereignty
n.
主权,主权国家
*
terrorism
n.
恐怖主义
*
tolerance
n.
宽容
**
trafficking
n.
非法货物买卖(如:
贩毒)
SpecialTerms
CommitteeoftheRegions
欧盟地区委员会
CounciloftheEuropeanUnion
欧盟理事会
CourtofAuditors
欧盟审计院
CourtofJustice
欧洲法院
drugtrafficking
贩毒
economicconditions
经济状况
EuropeanCentralBank
欧洲央行
EuropeanCommission
欧洲理事会
EuropeanEconomicandSocialCommittee
欧盟经济和社会委员会
Europeanintegration
欧洲大联合
EuropeanInvestmentBank
欧洲投资银行
EuropeanOmbudsman
欧盟监察机构
EuropeanParliament
欧洲议会
lawcourt
法庭
sharedvalues
共同的价值观
singleEuropeancurrency
单一欧洲货币
unityindiversity
广泛的团结,求同存异的团结
ERASMUSEuropeanRegionActionSchemefortheMobilityofUniversityStudents
欧洲地区大学生流动行动计划
EUEuropeanUnion欧盟
NotestothePassage
1.[Para1]TheEuropeanUnion(EU)isafamilyofdemocraticEuropeancountries,committedtoworkingtogetherforpeaceandprosperity.
Commit在这里的的用法是commitsomeonetodoingsomething,意思是“规定某人做某事”。
本句中的过去分词短语表示了欧盟必须完成的任务是:
所有成员国共同为和平繁荣而工作。
2.[Para1]ItsMemberStateshavesetupcommoninstitutionstowhichtheydelegatesomeoftheirsovereigntysothat…
“delegatesomeoftheirsovereigntytocommoninstitutions”意思是:
派遣一些当权人到共同机构进行决策”
3.[Para7]TheEuropeanUnionhasdeliveredhalfacenturyofstability,peaceandprosperity.
本句中deliver的意思是:
dosomethingyoushoulddo,相当于汉语的“承担义务”或“落实承诺”,有时候用delivergoods来表示这个意思,如:
Theymadeallkindsofpromisesbeforetheelection,buthavesincefailedtodeliverthegoods.(选举前他们做了种种许愿,但打那以后就没有落实。
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