山西平遥届高三英语月考.docx

山西平遥届高三英语月考.docx

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山西平遥届高三英语月考

山西省平遥县2018届高三英语9月月考试题

考试时间：

100分钟满分：

150分

第I卷

第一部分听力（略）

第二部分　阅读理解（共两节,满分60分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题3分,满分45分）

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中,选出最佳选项。

A

Haveyoueverheardthesaying“AllroadsleadtoRome”?

Atonetime,thiswasprettymuchtrue.DuringtheRomanEmpire,lotsofroadswerebuiltinordertomovearmies,sendmessagesbycourier（信使）,andmaketradeeasier.

ThenetworkofRomanroadsbeganin312BC.Itwasdemandedthattheroadsbebuiltstrongsothattheywouldnotfalldown.Romansoldiers,supervised（监督）byengineers,laiddowntheroadsinaspecialpatternoflayers.Therewerealltogether4layers（层）,whichwasmadeofdifferentmaterials,suchassand,rocks,stonesandsoon.

Also,Romanroadswerecambered（拱形）.Thismeansthattheywerebuilthigherinthemiddlethanontheedges,allowingrainwatertorunoff,whichpreventedflooding.Weusethesametechniqueinbuildingroadstoday.TheRomansalsolaidoutroadsoverhillswhennecessary,settingthemdowninazigzag（之字形的）patterntomaketheroadrisegradually.

AllRomanroadshadmilestones（里程碑）,placedeverythousandpaces（aRomanmile）.Themilestonestoldwhentheroadwasbuilt,whowasemperoratthetime,theroad’sdestination,howfarthetravelerwasfromthedestination,andhowmanymileshadbeentraveledsincethebeginningoftheroad.Thisinformationwasagreathelptotravelers.

Becauseoftheirexcellenceinconstruction,itisreallynosurprisethatmanypartsofRomanroadstillexisttoday.TheseroadwaysareoneofthemostimpressiveachievementsoftheRomanEmpire.

21.ThefollowingdescriptionaboutRomanroadsistrueEXCEPT　　　. 

A.RomanroadswerebuiltbytheRomansoldiersdirectedbytheengineers

B.Romanroadscouldpreventfloodingusingthetechniquewedon’tusetoday

C.RomanroadshadmilestonesthatwereplacedeveryRomanmile

D.RomanroadsstillexisttodayasanimpressiveachievementofRomanEmpire

22.Whatinformationcanyoufindonthemilestones?

A.Thebuildersoftheroad.B.Thematerialsusedinbuildingroads.

C.Thedistancefromonecity.D.Thetimespentinbuildingroads.

23.Thepassagemainly　　　. 

A.explainsthesaying“AllroadsleadtoRome”

B.praisesancientRomansfortheirgreatachievements

C.showshowgreattheRomanEmpirewas

D.introducestheconstructionoftheRomanroads

B

Katiewasinbigtrouble.Shewassuchasweetkid;athird-gradeteacheralwaysdreamedofhavingaclassroomfilledwithKaties;shewasnevereveradiscipline（纪律）problem.Ijustcouldn’timaginewhyshehadmadeherparentssoangry.

ItseemedthatKatiehadbeenrunningupsizeable（相当大的）chargesinthelunchroom.HerparentsexplainedthatKatiebroughtagreathome-madeluncheachday,andtherewasnoreasonforhertobuyschoollunch.Theyassumedasit-downwithKatiewouldsolvetheproblem,butfailed.Sotheyaskedmetohelpthemgettothebottomofthissituation.

Sothenextday,IaskedKatietomyoffice.“Whyareyoucharginglunches,Katie?

Whathappenedtoyourhomemadelunch?

”Iasked.“Iloseit,”sheresponded.Ileanedbackinmychairandsaid,“Idon’tbelieveyou,Katie.”Shedidn’tcare.“Issomeonestealingyourlunch,Katie?

”Itookanewtrack.“No.Ijustloseit,”shesaid.Well,therewasnothingelseIcoulddo.

TheproblemwasstillunsolvedthenextweekwhenInoticedaboywhowasnewtotheschoolsittingaloneatalunchtable.Healwayslookedsad.IthoughtIwouldgoandsitwithhimforawhile.AsIwalkedtowardshim,Inoticedthelunchbagonthetable.Thenameonthebagsaid“Katie”.

NowIunderstoodandItalkedtoKatie.Itseemedthatthenewboyneverbroughtalunch,andhewouldn’tgotothelunchlineforafreelunch.HehadtoldKatiehissecretandaskedhernottotellanyonethathisparentswantedhimtogetafreelunchatschool.Katieaskedmenottotellherparents,butIdrovetoherhousethateveningafterIwassurethatshewasinbed.Ihadneverseenparentssoproudoftheirchild.Katiedidn’tcarethatherparentsandteacherweredisappointedinher.Butshecaredaboutalittleboywhowashungryandscared.

Katiestillbuysluncheverydayatschool.Andeveryday,assheheadsoutofthedoor,hermomhandsheradelicioushome-madelunch.

24.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofKatie?

A.Sheperformedwellatschool.B.Shewasagirlfilledwithlove.

C.Sheoftenmadetroubleatschool.D.Sheusedtobeadisciplineproblem.

25.WhydidKatieeatschoollunchinsteadofherhome-madeluncheveryday?

A.Shelostherhome-madelunch.B.Shehadherhome-madelunchstolen.

C.Shedidn’tlikethetasteofherhome-madelunch.D.Shegaveherhome-madelunchtoahungryboy.

26.WhatwasKatie’sparents’reactiontothetruthaboutthelunch?

A.Theywereveryangry.B.TheywereproudofKatie.

C.Theyweredisappointed.D.Theywereratherupset.

27.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Katiewasinformedthatherparentshadknownhersecret.

B.Katietoldtheauthorthetruthofherlunchduringtheirfirsttalk.

C.Katie’ssecretoflunchwasdiscoveredbytheauthorbyaccident.

D.Katiestoppedbuyinglunchatschoolafterhersecretwasdiscovered.

C

ThespreadofWesterneatinghabitsaroundtheworldisbadforhumanhealthandfortheenvironment.ThosefindingscomefromanewreportinthejournalNature.

Therearewaystosolvethisdiet-health-environmentproblem.Buttheywillrequireachangeineatinghabits.Andwhatweeatcanbeaproductofculture,personaltaste,priceandease.

DavidTilmanisaprofessorofecologyattheUniversityofMinnesota.Inthestudy,heexaminedinformationfrom100countriestoidentifywhatpeopleateandhowdietaffectedhealth.MrTilmannotedamovementbeginninginthe1960s.Hefoundthatasnationsindustrialized,populationincreasedandearningsrose.MorepeoplebegantoadoptwhathasbeencalledtheWesterndiet.

TheWesterndietishighinrefined,orprocessed,sugar,fat,oilandmeat.Byeatingthesefoods,peoplebegantogetfatter—andsicker.“Theexcess（过量）,letussay,inthe15richestnationsoftheworld,rightnowisontheorderofabout400or500extracaloriesadaythatareeatenbeyondwhatpeopleneed,andthatleadpeopletogainweight.”DavidTilmansaysoverweightpeopleareatgreaterriskfornon-infectiousdiseaseslikediabetes,heartdiseaseandsomecancers.“Unfortunatelywhenpeoplebecomeindustrialized,iftheyadoptthisWesterndiet,theyaregoingtohavethesesamehealthimpacts,andinsomecasesifyouareAsian,youhavethemmoreseverely.”

And,adietbadforhumanbeings,itseems,isalsobadfortheenvironment.Astheworld’spopulationgrows,expertssaymoreforestsandtropicalareaswillbecomefarmlandforcropsorgrasslandsforgrazingcattle.Theseareaswillbeneededtomeettheincreasingdemandforfood.

“Wearelikelytohavemoregreenhousegasreleasedinthefuturefromagriculturebecauseofthisdietaryshiftthanallthegreenhousegasthatrightnowcomesoutofallformsoftransportation.”

Mr.Tilmancallsthelinkbetweendiet,theenvironmentandhumanhealth“atrilemma.”HesaysonepossiblesolutionisleavingtheWesterndietbehind.

28.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothereport?

A.Differentculturemaycausedifferenteatinghabits.

B.PopulationincreaseislikelytoleadsomepeopletoaccepttheWesterndiet.

C.Westernfoodswillprobablymakemorepeopleoverweight.

D.TheWesterndietisunhealthybecauseitishighinvitaminsandproteins.

29.Whatcanwelearnfromthereport?

A.ThewesterndietdoeslessharmtothehealthofAsians.

B.Moregreenhousegashasbeengivenofffromagriculture.

C.Westerneatinghabitsareresponsibleforsomediseaseslikecancer.

D.Nearlyallpeopleindevelopedcountriesconsumemorecaloriesthanneeded.

30.Theunderlinedword“trilemma”inthelastparagraphmeans　　　. 

A.arelationtobemaintainedB.anopinioncausinganargument

C.adecisiontobemadeD.aproblemofferingadifficultchoice

31.Whatdoesthisreportmainlytellus?

A.Whatpeopleeatdoesinfluencetheirhealth.

B.Ourchangeindietwillleadtoglobalclimatewarming.

C.TheWesterndietisbadforenvironmentaswellasforhumanbeings.

D.Industrializationconsiderablyshortensthelifespanoftheworldpeople.

D

Besidescontainingattractiveflowers,treesandotherplantsthatbeautifythecommunity,eco-friendlyraingardensarehealthyfortheenvironmentandthepeoplelivingandworkingnearby.

Araingardenisnotverydifferentfromatraditionalgarden.Itisjustafarmoreeco-friendlygarden.Usuallyitisbuiltlowerthantheground.Raingardensmakesmartuseofrainandstormwaterbytemporarilyholdingwaterfromrainandstormsandlettingitsoak（浸入）slowlyintothegroundbeforeitrunsintostreamsorentersthepublicdrinkingwatersupply.

Thus,araingardenkeepsthewater,allowingittobeusedasneededbyplantsintheraingarden,ratherthanflowingimmediatelyintonearbystreamsandgoingunused.Thewaterwillsoakslowlyintothegroundwithinadayortwo.Thiscreatesanadvantagethattheraingardendoesnotallowmosquitoestobreed.Thisisasimple,attractive,andeco-friendly“green”waytotreatstormwater.

What’smore,plantingaraingardenhelpsreducepollutionandimprovetheenvironment.Withoutusingexpensivemachineryandchemicals,raingardensremoveharmfulchemicalsintherainwaterandcutdownontheamountofpollutionreachingstreamsandriversbyupto30%.

Nativeplantsarerecommendedforraingardensbecausetheyaremoreusedtothelocalclimate,soil,andwaterconditions.Theymayattractlocalwildlifesuchasnativebirds.Wateryourraing