数字印刷翻译毕业论文.docx
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数字印刷翻译毕业论文.docx
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数字印刷翻译毕业论文
Digitalprinting
PhilGreen
Digitalprintingiscurrentlythemostrapidlygrowingprintsector,andonewhichisopeningupnewpossibilitiesofshort-runcolorwork.Itisalsoenablingentirelydifferentrelationshipsbetweenthepurchaserandsupplierofprintedproductsandmakingpossibleallkindsofnewproducts.
Theconventionalprintingprocessesdescribedearlierinthischapterarematuretechnologies.Thetechnologicaldevelopmentoftheseprocesseswillcontinue,butwilltendtodeliveronlyincrementalimprovementsinperformance.Digitalprinting,bycomparison,isstillatanearlystageinitsdevelopmentandwillcontinuetodeveloprapidly,openingupnewmarketsandmakingincreasinginroadsintotheconventionalprocess.
Inthemediumtermatleast,itishighlyunlikelythatdigitalprintingwillentirelyreplacetheconventionalprocesses.Thisisfortwofundamentalreasons:
●Thecostofcolorantsusedmakesunitpricestoohightocompeteonlongerruns;
●Modernprintingequipmentisdesignedaroundproductioneconomiesofscale,withhighspeeds,largeformatsandinlineprocessessuchasfoldingandcoating,anditwillbesometimebeforemanufacturersbuilddigitalpressesthatcancompeteonhighproductionvolumes.
Thestrengthofdigitalprintingisthereforelargelyinshorterprintruns.However,theshort-runmarketisexpandingfastasprintrunsforalltypesofproductarefalling,andnewproductsaremadepossiblebyintegrateddigitalproduction.Adirectcostcomparisonbetweendigitalandconventionalprintingmaynotberelevantineverycaseasdigitalprintingcanoftenprovideabettersolutiontoacommunicationproblem,addingvalueandgeneratingsavingselsewhereintheproductioncycle,forexample,inadministrationordistributioncosts.Thislogicalsoappliestotheprintbuyerswhenthinkingofincorporatingdigitalprintingintotheirownoperations,addingthemtotheirexistingdesignandprepressoperations.Totakeaexampleinretailing,instoreprintingfacilitieslinkedtoinstallandrunthanpurchasingfromexternalsuppliers,butthemarketingbenefitsmayoutweightheadditionalcosts.
Thepointatwhichdigitalandconventionalprintingbreakseventendstobeatarunlengthofaround1000copies(moreforblackandwhiteandlessforcolor).Runlengthsthatdonotfallautomaticallyintotheprovinceofconventionalordigitalwillbedecidedbytheaddedvalueoftheprocess:
fordigitalprintingthisincludesdistributedprintingandtheabilitytovarytheimagewitheachcopy,whileforconventionalprocessessuchaslithoitwillincludethehigherqualitylevels,thegreaterrangeofsubstratesthatcanbeprinted,andtheavailabilityofinlineprocessessuchascoating.
Digitalprintingtechnologies
Digitalprinterscurrentlyfallintofourbasictypes:
●Pageprintersthatprintflatsheetsofpaper,usuallyinA4formatbutsometimesuptoA3(theserangefromdesktopprinterstohigh-speedcopier/printerslikeDocuTech,andincludehigh-qualitycontinuoustoneprintersusedmostlyforproofsandpresentationmaterials);
●Large-formatdevicesthatprintoncontinuousrolls,mainlyforshort-runposters;
●Overprintingheadsforaddingproductcodes(mainlyforpackaging)thataremountedontoconventionalpressesorfinishingequipment,oronpackaginglines;
●Reel-fedmachinesthatprintatspeedscomparabletoconventionalprintingpresses.
Adigitalprinterhastwofundamentalcomponents:
amarkingenginethattransferscoloranttothepaper,andafront-endthatpreparesthedatausedtodrivethemarkingengine.ThefrontendwillincludeaRIPandamemorybuffer.Thepagedataistransferreddirectlytothefrontendwithouttheneedforfilmsandplates,sotherearelargepotentialsavingsincosts.
Becausethedigitalprintingdeviceisdrivenbydataandrequiresnoplates,theimagecanbechangedforeachsuccessiveprint.This‘variableimage’printingconcepthasgreatpotentialinteresttopublishersandadvertiserswhoareinterestedintailoringtheircommunicationsmorecloselytowhatisknownabouttheiraudience,ofteninconjunctionwithsophisticatedmarketingdatabases.
Digitalprintingsystemsthatoperateathighspeedsorhighresolutionsrequirededicatedfrontendsandlargememorybuffers,butlow-enddevicessuchasdesktop[printerscanmakeuseofsoftware-basedprinterdriversthatsitontheuser’shostcomputer.
Themostwidely-usedtechnologiesinmarkingenginesareinkjet,laseranddyesublimation.
Inkjet
Inkjetprintersdeployanarrayofnozzlestoprojectinkdropletsontothepapersurface.Thenozzlesarerelativelycheaptoproduce,andwiderarraysthatcanimageamovingwebofpaperarecurrentlyindevelopment.Inkjetprintheadsarefoundinallthetypesofdigitalprinterlistedearlier,anddominatethelarge-formatandoverpr
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