英语四级考试试题及答案L.docx
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英语四级考试试题及答案L.docx
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英语四级考试试题及答案L
2008年12月大学英语四级考试试题及参考答案
听力原文
短对话
ShortConversations
11.M:
IjustreceivedanEmailfromoneofmyformerclassmates.Iwassurprised,Ihadn’theardfromhimforages.
W:
Well,I’vebeenoutoftouchwithmostofmyoldfriends,onlyoneortwostilldropmealineoccasionally,
Q:
Whatdoesthewomanmean?
12.M:
Ifyoucanmakeupyourmindaboutthecolor,Icanstartontheoutsideofyourhouseearlynextweek.
W:
Well,rightnowIthinkIwantwhiteforthewindowframesandyellowforthewalls,butI’llletyouknowtomorrow.
Q:
Whoisthewomantalkingto?
13.W:
Excuseme,doyouhaveanyapartmentsavailableforunder500dollarsamonth?
Ineedtomoveinnextweekwhenmynewjobstarts.
M:
TheonlyvacantoneIhaveis600dollars,haveyouinquiredattheapartmentcomplexdownthestreet?
Q:
Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?
14.W:
Youboughtapairofjeansyesterday,didn’tyou?
Whataretheylike?
M:
Oh,theyareprettymuchlikemyotherones,exceptwithalargerwaist.IguessIhaven’tspentmuchtimeexercisinglately.
Q:
Whatcanweinferfromtheconversationabouttheman?
15.W:
Ireallylikethoseabstractpaintingswesawyesterday.Whatdoyouthink?
M:
Iguessit’ssomethingIhaven’tacquiredatasteforyet.
Q:
Whatdoesthemanimply?
16.W:
Youhaven’tseenabluenotebook,haveyou?
IhopeIdidn’tleaveitinthereadingroom.
M:
Didyoucheckthatpileofjournalsyou’veborrowedfromthelibrarytheotherday?
Q:
Whatisthemantryingtosaytothewoman?
17.M:
Howaboutjoiningmeforacupofcoffee?
W:
I’dloveto,butI’mexhausted.Iwasuptill3thismorning,writingapaperformyliteratureclass.
Q:
Whydoesthewomandeclinetheman’sinvitation?
18.W:
Youhadajobinterviewyesterday,didn’tyou?
Howdiditgo?
M:
Nottoobad,Iguess.Therewereabout20candidatescompetingforthesalesmanager’sjob.Andfinallyitwasdowntothreeofus,buttheothertwoseemedbetterqualified.
听力长对话1
F:
Simon,howdoesitfeeltoberetired?
M:
Well,notsobad.
F:
Howhaveyoubeenspendingyourtime?
M:
Ihavebeenspendingmoretimewithmyfamily.I’vealsotravelledabit,youknow,offseasonwheneverywhereislesscrowdedandhotelscostless.
F:
Great.
M:
YouknowIhaven’tstoppedworkcompletely.
F:
Yes,couldyoutellusmoreaboutthis?
M:
I’monaschemethat’scalledphasedretirement;Ihadasix-monthbreakfromwork,afterthatIcouldapplyforprojectworkwiththecompanyIusedtoworkfor.
F:
Howdoestheschemework?
M:
Well,it’satrialatthemoment.Insteadofhiringtemporarystuff,thecompanyadvertisespostsonitswebsitethatretiredemployeeslikemyselfcanaccess.
F:
Whatsortofworksadvertised?
M:
Well,allsortsofthings,really.Administrativeworkandmorespecializedwork,thesortofthingIcando.Someoftheprojectscanlastfiveorsixmonths,andotherscanjustbeacoupleofdays.Icandecidemoreorlesswhentowork.SoIcanmanagemyowntime.
F:
Icanseeit’sgoodforyou.Whatisyourcompanygetoutofthis?
M:
Well,Istillhaveallmyoldcontactsatwork,soIknowwhotocontacttogetsomethingdone.Thecompanygetsflexibility,too.Oncethejob’sover,that’sit.I’mnotontheirbooksanymore.
Questions19-21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
19.WhydoesSimonfindhisretiredlifeenjoyable?
20.HowdoesSimongettoknowaboutthecompany’savailableposts?
21.Whydoesthecompanyadoptthephasedretirementscheme?
长对话2
W:
Oh,wherearewegoing?
M:
Iwanttoshowyousomething.
W:
Iknow,butwhatisit?
M:
Afarm.It’sjustdownthisroad.It’sasmallplace,butatleastitwouldbeourown.
W:
Afarm?
Howcanweaffordtobuyafarm?
M:
Itisn’tverylarge,only40acres.Wewouldn’thavetopayverymuchrightnow.
W:
Isthereahouseontheplace?
M:
Asmallone,twobedrooms,butitneedstobefixedupalittle.Icandothejobmyself.
W:
OK.Isthereenoughspaceforakitchengarden?
M:
Thereisabouthalfanacrearoundthehouse.That’splentyofspace.
W:
Thenwecangrowourownfreshvegetables.Andmaybekeepafewchickens,couldn’twe?
M:
Yes,andwecanprobablygrowalotofourownfood.
W:
Whatareyouthinkingaboutgrowing,ifwedotakethisplace?
M:
Well,itreallyisn’tbigenoughforcorn.Ithoughtwemighttrytoraiseacropofpotatoes.
W:
Potatoes?
Therearealotofwork.
M:
Weareusedtohardwork,aren’twe?
W:
Yes,weare,butthemoney.Dowehaveenoughtogetstarted?
Itseemslikeadream.
M:
Ithinkwe’vesavedenough.Wecanpayalittleonthefarmandmaybeputafewdollarsdownonthetractor,too.
Questions22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
Q22:
Whatarethespeakersgoingtodoatthetimeoftheconversation?
Q23:
Whatdoesthemansayaboutthefarm?
Q24:
Whydoesthemanintendtogrowpotatoesratherthancornonthefarm?
Q25:
Whatisthewoman’sgreatestconcernabouttheman’splan?
Passage1
Membersofthecitycouncilanddistinguishedguests,itismyprivilegetointroducetoyoutodayMr.RobertWashington,chiefofourcity’spoliceforce.HewilladdressusonthesubjectoftheCommunityPolicingProgram.MostofyouknowthatMr.Washingtonhasadistinguishedrecordasheadofourpoliceforceformorethantenyears.However,youmaynotknowthathealsoholdsamaster’sdegreeincriminologyandstudiedabroadforayearwiththeinternationalpoliceforcewhichdealswithcrimesaroundtheworld.Mr.WashingtonfirstintroducedtheCommunityPolicingProgram8yearsago.Theideabehindtheprogramistogetthepoliceofficersoutoftheircarsandintoourneighborhoodswheretheycantalkdirectlytomerchantsandresidentsabouttherealdynamicsofourcity.Theseofficersdomorethanmakearrests.Theytrytofindwaystohelpsolvetheproblemsthatcontributetocrimeinthefirstplace.Oftenthatmeanshookingpeopleupwithservicesofferedbyothercityagencies,suchasschools,hospitals,housing,drugtreatmentcenters.Andtheprogramseemstobeworking:
crimeisdownandourcitizensreportthattheyfeelmoresecure.TodayMr.Washingtonisgoingtotellusmoreaboutthisprogram.Nowlet’swelcomeMr.RobertWashington.
26.Whatisthepurposeofthespeaker’sremarks?
Hewilladdressusonthesubjectofcommunitypolicingprogram.
27.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutMr.RobertWashington?
MostofyouknowthatMr.Washingtonhasadistinguishedrecordasheadofourpoliceforceformorethantenyears.However,youmaynotknowthathealsoholdsamaster’sdegreeincriminologyandstudiedabroadforayearwiththeinternationalpoliceforcewhichdealswithcrimesaroundtheworld.Mr.Washingtonfirstintroducedthecommunitypolicingprogram8yearsago.
28.WhatistheideabehindtheCommunityPolicingProgram?
Theideabehindtheprogramistogetthepoliceofficersoutoftheircarsandintoourneighborhoodswheretheycantalkdirectlytomerchantsandresidentsabouttherealdynamicsofourcity.
29.HowhastheCommunityPolicingProgramturnedouttobe?
Andtheprogramseemstobeworking,crimeisdownandourcitizensreportthattheyfeelmoresecure.
Passage2
Therearebetween3000and6000publiclanguagesintheworld,andwemustaddapproximately6billionprivatelanguagessinceeachoneofusnecessarilyhasone.Consideringthesefacts,thepossibilitiesforbreakdownsincommunicationseeminfiniteinnumber.However,wedocommunicatesuccessfullyfromtimetotime.Andwedolearntospeaklanguages.Butlearningtospeaklanguagesseemstobeaverymysteriousprocess.Foralongtime,peoplethoughtthatwelearnedalanguageonlybyimitationandassociation.Forexample,ababytouchesahotpotandstartstocry.Themothersays,“Hot,hot!
”Andthebaby,whenitstopscrying,imitatesthemotherandsays,“Hot,hot!
”However,NoamChomsky,afamousexpertinlanguage,pointedoutthatalthoughchildrendolearnsomewordsbyimitationandassociation,theyalsocombinewordstomakemeaningfulsentencesinwaysthatareunique,unlearnedandcreative.Becauseyoungchildrencanmakesentencestheyhaveneverheardbefore,Chomskysuggestedthathumaninfantsarebornwiththeabilitytolearnlanguage.Chomskymeantthatunderneathallthedifferencesbetweenpublicandprivatelanguages,thereisauniversallanguagemechanismthatmakesitpossibleforus,asinfants,tolearnanylanguageintheworld.Thistheoryexplainsthepotentialthathumaninfantshaveforlearninglanguage.Butitdoesnotreallyexplainhowchildrencometouselanguageinparticularways.
Questions30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
Question30.Whydoesthespeakersaytherearegreatpossibilitiesforcommunicationbreakdowns?
Therearenumerouspublicandprivatelanguages.
Question31.WhatisChomsky’spointontheabilitytolearnalanguage?
Humaninfantsarebornwiththeabilitytolearnlanguageandthepotentialtolearnanylanguageintheworld.
Question32.WhatdoesChomsky’stheoryfailtoexplainaccordingtothespeaker?
Itdoesnotreallyexplainhowchildrencometouselanguageinparticularways.
Passage3
WhenUSspacewomanJoanHigginbothamisnotflyingandworkinginspace,shemightbefoundsomewhereonearthgivingaspeech.Higginbotham,whogrewupinChicagoandbecameanengineerbeforejoiningNASA,thatistheNationalAirandSpaceAdministration,givesaboutadozenspeechesayear.Eachspeechisdifferentbecauseshetailorsherremarkstoeachaudience.ThroughinterviewsandE-mails,shefindsoutinadvanceherlisteners'educationallevelandwhatinformat
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