the negative transfer the second language acquisition in first language.docx

the negative transfer the second language acquisition in first language.docx

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thenegativetransferthesecondlanguageacquisitioninfirstlanguage

JIUJIANGUNIVERSITY

毕业论文

题目第二语言习得中的负迁移

英文题目NegativeTransferin

SecondLanguageAcquisition

院系外国语学院

专业英语教育

姓名肖丽娟

年级2012级

指导教师李瑞雪

二零一二年五月

毕业论文选题报告

学院：

继续教育学院

学生姓名

　肖丽娟

指导老师

李瑞雪

论文题目

NegativeTransferinSecondLanguageAcquisition

题目来源及意义

Thesourceofthethesis:

NegativeTransferinSecondLanguageAcquisition

Author:

ZhouMei,63700.

Theunitoftheauthor:

TheforeignlanguageschooloftheXihuanormaluniversity.

Publicationname:

overseasEnglish.

Year,volumes:

2011（9）

http:

//d.g.W

Thesignificance:

Itcanminimizetheerrorscausedbythenegativetransferandfacilitatesecondlanguageacquisition.

Peoplecanusetheexactwordstoexpresstheirthoughts.

Itcanimprovetheformalityandthedepthofthesecondlanguage,benefitingtoglobalization.

论文题目研究领域状况

Transfer,derivedformtheLatinword“transferre”,“meanstocarry”,“tobear”or“toprint”,impressorotherwisecopyfromonesurfacetoanother.Sotospeak,whenwesay“languagetransfer”,wemeanthetransferorcarry-overfromonelanguagetoanother.Inlinguists,themainclaimwithregardtotransferisthatthelearningofthetaskAwilleffectthesubsequentlearningofthetaskB.Languagetransferisdividedintotwotypes:

positivetransferandnegativetransfer.Theformeroneimprovestheacquisitionofthenewknowledgeofthetargetlanguage,whilethelatterblocksit.Sincethenegativetransferisanobstacleforsecondlanguageacquisition,weshoulddomoreworktothenegativetransferofChineseandEnglishlearning.

Researchersshowthatlanguagetransferoccursinallaspectsoflanguageofphonology,lexis,syntax,pragmaticetc.Duringthecollege,wefoundouttherearelargequantitiesoferrorsinourEnglishoralandwrittenwork.BecauseChinesestudentsknowlittleaboutthedifferencebetweenEnglishandChinese,theirChinesewayofthinkingcauseChinglish（ChinaEnglish）.Itislikelytomakeuseofthisfindingstofacilitatesecondlanguageandtominimizethenegativeeffects.

内容提要或实施方案

Abstract:

Negativetransferinthebasictermweneedtomasterinsecondlanguageacquisition.ThisthesistriestoanalyzenegativetransferofChineseformtheaspectsoflexis,syntaxandpragmatics.Besides,itprovidessuggestionsonhowtominimizenegativetransferinsecondlanguageteaching.

Program:

TeachershouldapplyusefulandeffectivewaysinourEnglishlanguagebutontheaccuracyoftheuseoftheEnglishlanguage.ToavoidtheNegativeTransferinSecondLanguageAcquisition,wecan:

Extensivereadinggoesalongwithintensivereading.TrainstudentstolearntothinkinEnglishandavoidword-to-wordtranslation.

TrytouseEnglish-Dictionary,forthere’redetailedexplanationsaboutthemeaningsofwordsandtheirusageinEnglish.

CreatingthesituationsofpracticingEnglish,suchaslisteningtoEnglishradioprogram,watchingTVprogramorot

heractivitiesinEnglish.

GetstudentstopayattentiontothebackgroundknowledgeofthecultureoftheEnglish-speakingcountries.

DomorecontrastiveanalysisofthewordsandsentencebetweenEnglishandChineseintheclassroom,tellingthemnotonlyhowtouseEnglish,butalsohownottouse.

主要观点或主要技术指标

Inthisthesis,

I’dliketomakeacontrastivestudyofthedifferentcharactersbetweenChineseandEnglishwhileanalysisthevariousmistakesfromChinesecausedbythenegativetransferontheleveloflexis,syntaxandpragmatics.

Atlexislevel,

weoftenmakeunnecessarywords（nouns,modifiers,verbs）andincorrectcollocation.

Atsyntaxlevel,

welackoforderandcohesion,weoftenmakesomemistakelikesubstitution,chinglishandunnecessaryreference.

Atpragmaticlevel,

weoftenusesomewordsinappropriateinacertainsituation.Duetodifferentculturebackground,custom,valuesandwaysofthinking,Chinesestudentscanhardlyexpresstheirthoughtcorrectlyandappropriatelywhentheycommunicatewithwesterns.

主

要

参

考

文

献

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Abstract

Negativetransferisthecommonproblemwehavesawinourdailylife.Insecondlanguageacquisition,wealwaysmakesomemistakes.Thisthesis,wewilldiscusssomeproblemsinmanyaspects.Suchas:

pronunciation,lexis,syntaxandpragmatics.Besides,itprovidesuswithsuggestionsthathowtominimizenegativetransferinsecondlanguageleaching.Atpronunciationlevel,weshouldadoptthecontrastiveanalysisanddistinguishthesubtledifference.Atvocabularylevel,weshouldlookintothedictionaryfrequentlytoseekforthebasicmeaningofwords,thenewmeaningofwords,thewordingformationandaccurateexpression.AtSyntaxlevel,weshouldhaveagoodknowledgeoftheorderandthestructureofsentence.Atpragmaticlevel,inordertomakeouruseadapttotherealsituation,weshoulddevelopandstrengthothercountry’sculturalawarenessfrompolitic,custom,religious,sciencetechnology,artandliterature.

Keywords:

negativetransfer,contrastiveanalysis,lexis,syntax,culture.

摘要

负迁移是我们日常生活中经常遇到的问题。

在第二语言习得中，我们难免会犯些错误。

在这篇论文中，我将会从从语音，词汇，句法，语用这四个方面方面讨论我们在第二语言习得当中的负迁移。

与此同时，论文将会就如何缩小负迁移提出一些建议。

在语音方面，我们要尽可能的采用对比分析法，分析语音非常细小的差别；在词汇方面，我们要多查阅字典，知道单词如何构成及单词的意思和它的引申意思，掌握单词的准确用法；在句法方面，我们要熟练句子的顺序和衔接；在语用方面，我们要加强各国的文化意识，从各国的政治，习俗，宗教，文学，艺术，科学技术方面了解文化，使我们的用词符合语境。

关键词：

负迁移，对比分析，词汇，句法，文化。

Contents

选题报告………………………………………………………………..……...2

Abstract…………………………………………………………………..……..6

摘要…………………………………………………………………….............7

Contents…………………………………………………………………..……8

1.Introduction………………………………………………………..…...…9

2.NegativeTransferinSecondLanguageAcquisition.

2.1Negativetransferatphonologicallevel…………………….……......10

2.1.1Phoneticperspectives……………………………………….....10

2.1.2Phonologicalperspectives.................................................…....12

2.2Negativetransferatlexicallevel…..............................................13

2.2.1Unnecessarywords……………………..……….……...….…13

2.2.2.Incorrectcollocation………………………………..….;……14

2.3Negativetransferatsyntacticlevel……………………………….…15

2.3.1Order………………………………………………………….15

2.3.2Cohesion……………………………………………………….15

2.4Negativetransferatpragmaticlevel………………………………....16

3.ImprovementandStrategy.

3.1Suggestionsonpronunciation……………………………………….17

3.2Suggestionsonvocabulary………………………………………....17

3.3Suggestionsonsyntax………………………………………………17

3.4Suggestionsonpragmatics………..………………………………….17

4.Conclusion………………………………………………………………...19

References……………………………………………………………………20

Acknowledgments………………………………………………………….23

郑重声明…………………………………………………………………….24

NegativeTransferinSecondLanguageAcquisition

2012级EnglishEducationmajorsXiaoLijuan

1.Introduction

Transferfromtheword“transfer”referstotransport,tobearor“tocopysomethingfromoneplacetoanother”.So,whenwesay“languagetransfer,weknowitissaidthatonelanguagethinkingbeusedtolanguagelearning,itiscalled“languagetransfer”.

Likelinguistssaid,themainviewoftransferisthatthelearningofChinesewilleffectthefollowinglearningofEnglish.Languagetransferisdividedintotwotypes:

positivetransferandnegativetransfer.Theformerwouldimprovethetargetlanguage,whilethelatterstopit.Becausethenegativetransferplaysastoproleinsecondlanguageacquisition,weshouldworkhardtothenegativetransferofChineseandEnglishlearning.Astwokindsofthehumanlanguage,EnglishandChinesehavemuchcommoningrammarandpragmaticswhichgivegreathelptoEnglishlearning.But,therearemanydifferencesbetweenthetwo.Sincelanguagefunctionforourthinking,andthetwolanguageshaveitsuniquethinkingmethods,thisleadstothenegativetransferofChineseonthelearningandstudyingofEnglish.Itissaidthat,inEnglishlearning,mostoferrorsmadebyChinesestudentsarefrominterferenceofmothertongue.

Asweallknown,language