百强届山西大学附属中学高三月考英语试题解析版.docx
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百强届山西大学附属中学高三月考英语试题解析版.docx
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百强届山西大学附属中学高三月考英语试题解析版
山西大学附中2021-2021学年高三第二学期3月〔总第十一次〕
模块诊断英语试题
考试时间:
100分钟考察范围:
高考范围
第一局部阅读理解〔共两节,总分值60分〕
第一节(共15小题;每题3分,总分值45分)阅读以下短文,从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中,选出最正确选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
LosAngelesisalwaysapopularholidaydestination.Tofullyenjoyyourtravelthere,youshouldknowitsfood,weather,andalsotraffic.WhiledrivinginL.A.issimilartothatinotherareas,thereareafewspecificrulestonote.
HOVlanes(车道)
OnmanyL.A.freeways,oneormorelanesatthefarleftareusedashigh-occupancyvehicle(HOV)lanes.Theyusuallyhavelimitedaccessandyoucanonlyenterorexitwherethereisabreakinthedoubleyellowline.MostHOVlanesrequireaminimumoftwopeopleinthecar;somerequirethree.Vehiclestowingtrailers(拖车)areNOTallowedintheHOVlane,regardlessofhowmanypeopleareinthem.
Toll(收费)lanes
Oncertainfreeways,theHOVlanesaredouble-purposedastolllanesforpeopledrivingalonewhohaveaFasTrak,anelectronictollcollectionsystem.Therefore,youalsohavetohaveoneinthatlaneasaHOV,whichisinconvenientifyou’rejustvisiting.FasTrakisineffectonpartsofthe110freewaybetweenthe405and10freeways,andonpartsofthe10freewayeastofDowntownL.A.
Cellphones
Itisagainstthelawtotalkonacellphonewhiledrivingwithoutusingahands-freedevice.Holdingacellphonetoyourearwhiledrivingwilllandyouwithaticket.
Alcohol
DrivingundertheinfluenceistakenseriouslyinL.A.Thelegalbloodalcohollimitis0.08%,butyoucanbechargedwithlowerlevelsiftheyshowyoucan’tfunctionnormally.Placinganopenedbottleofalcoholinthepassengerareawhiledriving(orsitting)isillegal.Anyopenedcontainerofalcoholhastobetransportedinthetrunk.
1.WhatdoyouknowaboutHOVlanes?
A.Theyencouragepeopletosharecars.
B.Theyareonthefarrightoffreeways.
C.Theyareintendedforlargervehicles.
D.Theyallowcarstoenteroverthedoubleyellowline.
2.WhichissurelyagainsttheroadrulesinL.A.?
A.Drivingonthe110freewaywithaFasTrak.
B.Puttingthecellphoneinthecarwhiledriving.
C.Ridingwithanopenedbottleofalcoholinbackseats.
D.Goingbelowthebloodalcohollimitof0.08%.
3.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?
A.Atrafficlaw.B.Aroadmap.
C.Aguidebook.D.Areport.
【答案】1.A2.C3.C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。
洛杉矶总是一个受欢送的度假目的地。
要充分享受你在那里的旅行,你应该知道它的食物、天气和交通。
本文介绍了在洛杉矶开车需要注意一些具体的规那么。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。
根据第二段的MostHOVlanesrequireaminimumoftwopeopleinthecar;somerequirethree.可知,大多数HOV车道至少需要两个人在车上;有些需要三个。
因此可知他们鼓励人们共享汽车。
应选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。
根据最后一段的Placinganopenedbottleofalcoholinthepassengerareawhiledriving(orsitting)isillegal.Anyopenedcontainerofalcoholhastobetransportedinthetrunk.可知,开车或者坐车时,在乘客区放置一瓶翻开的酒精是违法的,任何翻开的酒精容器都必须装在后备箱里。
因此后座上有一瓶翻开的酒精骑车是违背洛杉矶的道路规那么的。
应选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。
根据第一段的LosAngelesisalwaysapopularholidaydestination.Tofullyenjoyyourtravelthere,youshouldknowitsfood,weather,andalsotraffic.(洛杉矶总是一个受欢送的度假目的地。
要充分享受你在那里的旅行,你应该知道它的食物、天气和交通。
)以及下文介绍洛杉矶的道路规那么,可推断,文章是写给旅游者的,理应出现在旅游小册子上。
应选C。
B
Whenyouheartheword“birthmark〞,youprobablythinkofoneofthoseblackorbrownspotsthatyouhaveonyourbody.Forme,it’sdifferent―Ihavethemonmylipsandinsidemymouth.I’musedtobeingasked,“Whatarethoseblackmarksonyourlips?
〞WhenItellpeoplethey’rebirthmarks,theyusuallysay,“That’sstrange.〞Iusedtoconsiderthemugly.However,mymomcallsthembeautymarks.
Inpictures,Iusedtohidemybirthmarksbypursing(噘起)mylipssoIwouldn’tavetodealwithpeople’squestions,AsIwasgrowingup,peopleworemeoutwiththem.Somepeoplewouldaskmethesamequestionsevenbeforeknowingmyname.InsocietyIfeellikewejudgepeoplebytheirlooksbeforetheirpersonality.
Mybirthmarksarecausedbyageneticconditionfrommymom’ssideofthefamily,Mymom’smomhasbirthmarksonherlips,andmymom’suncleandmyunclehavesomeontheirbodies.EveryyearIplantohaveproceduretoremovethem.Butwhenimaginingtheprocess,Ialwaysgetnervousandgiveup.
Mycousinfacesasimilarchallenge.Shehasahugebirthmarkthattakesupherwholearm.She’snevertriedtohideitorchangeherappearance.Once,hergrandmothertoldherthatthebirthmarklookedextremelyprominentandsuggestedthatsheshouldwearlongsleevesmoreoften.Ifmycousinhadactuallytakenthatsuggestion,shewouldn’tbesuchapersonassheis.
Inspiredbymycousin,IamfinallyacceptingwhoIamandnowIdon’thesitatewhensomeoneasksmeaboutthemeither.Isay,“They’rebeautymarks〞andsmilewithoutpursingmylips.
4.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenaskedaboutthebirthmarks?
A.Shefeltexcitedtoshowherdifference.
B.Shefeltannoyedtogiveothersananswer.
C.Shewasscaredtobemadefunofbypeople.
D.Shewasboredtobefacedwiththequestion.
5.Whohasthesimilarbirthmarksliketheauthor?
A.Hermother.B.Hergrandmother.
C.Hercousin.D.Heruncle.
6.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthor’scousin?
A.Shedislikestalkingaboutherbirthmark.
B.Sheneverjudgesothersbytheirlooks.
C.Sheismoreconfidentthantheauthor.
D.Shehastakenhergrandma’ssuggestion.
7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prominent〞inparagraph4mean?
A.Brilliant.B.Symbolic.
C.Harmful.D.Impressive.
【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。
作者天生因为遗传带有胎记,经常受到人们的关注,让作者感动很心情沮丧,后来在表姐的鼓励下,作者找到了自信,接受了自己。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。
依据第二段中的"Inpictures,1usedtohidemybirthmarksbypursing(噘起)mylipssoIwouldn'thavetodealwithpeople'squestions.AsIwasgrowingup,peopleworemeoutwiththem"可知,作者照相时掩饰嘴上的胎记就是为防止人们的问题,人们反复问这个问题,导致作者感到厌倦,心情不好,因此选项D正确。
应选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。
依据第一段中的"Forme,it'sdifferent—Ihavethemonmylipsandinsidemymouth"可知,作者的胎记在嘴唇上和嘴巴里,再结合第二段中的"Mymom'smomhasbirthmarksonherlips"可知,作者的外祖母也有胎记在嘴唇上,应选项B正确。
应选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。
依据第四段中的"Mycousinfacesasimilarchallenge.Shehasahugebirthmarkthatlakesupherwholearm.She'snevertriedtohideitorchangeherappearance.〔我表姐也面临着类似的挑战。
她有一个巨大的胎记,把她的整个手臂都遮住了。
她从来没有试图隐藏它或改变她的外表〕"和第五段中的"Inspiredbymycousin"可推断,作者的表姐比作者自信,应选C项。
【7题详解】
词义猜想题。
依据划线词后面的"suggestedthatsheshouldwearlongsleevesmoreoften"可知,表姐的奶奶想让她用长袖衣衫遮挡住胎记,因此推断她觉得胎记太明显了,故划线词与D项“令人印象深刻的〞意思相近,应选D项。
【点睛】词义猜想题是阅读题中常见的出题形式。
做这类题时,要根据词、词组或句子所在的语境,即上下文来判断其意义。
因此熟练掌握一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。
比方:
根据语境,根据同义关系,比照关系,因果关系等,尤其需注意熟词生义。
例如此题第4小题,依据画线词后面的"suggestedthatsheshouldwearlongsleevesmoreoften"可知,表姐的奶奶想让她用长袖衣衫遮挡住胎记,因此推断她觉得胎记太明显了,故划线词与D项“令人印象深刻的〞意思相近,应选D项。
C
Ifadiversurfacestooquickly,hemaysufferthebends.Nitrogen(氮)dissolved(溶解)inhisbloodissuddenlyliberatedbythereductionofpressure.Theconsequence,ifthebubbles(气泡)accumulateinajoint,issharppainandabentbody—thusthename.Ifthebubblesforminhislungsorhisbrain,theconsequencecanbedeath.
Otherair-breathinganimalsalsosufferthisdecompression(减压)sicknessiftheysurfacetoofast:
whales,forexample.Andso,longago,didichthyosaurs.Thattheseancientseaanimalsgotthebendscanbeseenfromtheirbones.Ifbubblesofnitrogenforminsidethebonetheycancutoffitsbloodsupply.Thiskillsthecellsinthebone,andconsequentlyweakensit,sometimestothepointofcollapse.Fossil(化石)bonesthathavecavedinonthemselvesarethusasignthattheanimaloncehadthebends.
BruceRothschildoftheUniversityofKansasknewallthiswhenhebeganastudyofichthyosaurbonestofindouthowwidespreadtheproblemwasinthepast.Whatheparticularlywantedtoinvestigatewashowichthyosaursadaptedtotheproblemofdecompressionoverthe150millionyears.Tothisend,heandhiscolleaguestraveledtheworld’snatural-historymuseums,lookingathundredsofichthyosaursfromtheTriassicperiodandfromthelaterJurassicandCretaceousperiods.
Whenhestarted,heassumedthatsignsofthebendswouldberarerinyoungerfossils,reflectingtheirgradualevolutionofmeasurestodealwithdecompression.Instead,hewasastonishedtodiscovertheopposite.Morethan15%ofJurassicandCretaceousichthyosaurshadsufferedthebendsbeforetheydied,butnotasingleTriassicspecimen(标本)showedevidenceofthatsortofinjury.
Ifichthyosaursdidevolveananti-decompressionmeans,theyclearlydidsoquickly—and,moststrangely,theylostitafterwards.ButthatisnotwhatDrRothschildthinkshappened.Hesuspectsitwasevolutioninotheranimalsthatcausedthechange.
Whalesthatsufferthebendsoftendosobecausetheyhavesurfacedtoescapeapredator(捕食动物)suchasalargeshark.OneofthefeaturesofJurassicoceanswasanabundanceoflargesharksandcrocodiles,bothofwhichwerefondofichthyosaurlunches.Triassicoceans,bycontrast,weremercifullyshark-andcrocodile-free.IntheTriassic,then,ichthyosaursweretopofthefoodchain.IntheJurassicandCretaceous,theywereprey(猎物)aswellaspredator—andoftenhadtomakeaspeedyexitasaresult.
8.Whichofthefollowingisatypicalsymptomofthebends?
A.Atwistedbody.B.Agradualdecreaseinbloodsupply.
C.Asuddenreleaseofnitrogeninblood.D.Adropinbloodpressure.
9.ThepurposeofRothschild’sstudyistosee________.
A.howoftenichthyosaurscaughtthebendsB.howichthyosaursadaptedtodecompression
C.whyichthyosaursbenttheirbodiesD.whenichthyosaursbroketheirbones
10.Rothschild’sfindingstatedinParagraph4________..
A.confirmedhisassumptionB.speededuphisresearchprocess
C.disagreedwithhisassumptionD.changedhisresearchobjectives
11.Rothschildmighthaveconcludedthatichthyosaurs________.
A.failedtoevolveanantidecompressionmeans
B.graduallydevelopedmeasuresagainstthebends
C.diedoutbecauseoflarge
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