上海中考英语读音规则题解题方法和真命题演练.docx
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上海中考英语读音规则题解题方法和真命题演练.docx
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上海中考英语读音规则题解题方法和真命题演练
上海中考英语读音规则题
解题方法和真题演练
一、中考考纲对读音规则要求
a.元音字母在重读开、闭音节中的读音规则
b.辅音字母的基本读音规则
c.字母组合的读音规则
d.单词重音
注:
几个名词解释
音节:
英语中以元音来划分音节,一个元音一个音节,以此类推,辅音是音节的分界线,但
两辅音之间不管有多少元音都是一个音节。
重读音节:
就是加了重读符号‘的音节,如果是单音节词,这个唯一的音节就是重读音节。
如果没有
重读符号,重读第一个音节。
开音节:
指该音节以元音结尾。
分为两种:
绝对开音节:
以元音字母结尾的重读音节,叫绝对开音节,比如me;
相对开音节:
含有1个元音字母的重读音节中,1个辅音+1个元音+1个辅音(r除外)+1个e结
尾,比如nose。
闭音节:
指该音节以辅音结尾。
弱音节(非重读音节):
指不重读的音节。
重读音节符号’之后的那个音节是重读音节,其余音节都
是非重读音节。
附:
48个音标
1、20个元音:
12个单元音/ɑ:
//ʌ//ɔ:
//ɒ//ə//ɜ:
//i:
//ɪ//u:
//ʊ//e//æ/
8个双元音:
/eɪ//aɪ//ɒɪ//ɪə//eə//ʊə//əʊ//aʊ/
2、28个辅音:
10个清辅音:
/p/ /t/ /k/ /f//θ//s//ʃ//ts//tʃ//tr/
18个浊辅音:
/b//d//g//v//ð//z//ʒ//dz//dʒ//dr//m//n//ŋ//j/ /w//ǀ//h//r/
二、读音规则
(一)元音字母在重读开、闭音节中的读音规则
a
e
i
o
u
开音节
(字母本身音)
音标
eɪ
/i:
/,/iə/
/aɪ/
/əu
/ ju:
/
例
age
he,serios
kite
nose
cute
重读闭音节
音标
æ
/e/
/i/
/ɔ/
/ʌ/
例
bag
desk
six
hot
cut
弱音节
(非重读音节)
音标
/ə/,/i/
/ə/,/i/
/ə/,/i/
/ə/,/ɔ/,/əu
/ə/,/ju:
/
例
ability发/ə/,private发/ɪ/
open发/ə/,become发/ɪ/
holiday发/ə/,family发/ɪ/
together发/ə/,mango发/ɔ/,obey发/əu/
album发/ə/,avenue发/ju:
/
其他
o如果出现在l、m、n、v和ther前,常常变音为中元音[ʌ]
辅音字母j、l、r、s 后读
/u:
/
come
rude
1、a的发音
(1)a在重读开音节中发/eɪ/
age/eɪdʒ/cage/keɪdʒ/make/meɪk/made/meɪd/save/seɪv/
(2)a在重读闭音节中发/æ/
act/ækt/dad/dæd/catch/kætʃ/fan/fæn/hand/hænd/
(3)a在非重读闭音节,且是开头第一个音节,一般发/ə/
ability/əˈbɪləti/ago/əˈgəʊ/American/əˈmerɪkən/
特殊:
China/'tʃaɪnə/animal/ˈænɪm(ə)l/
(4)a在非重读音节,且是最后一个音节,一般发/ɪ/
private[ˈpraɪvɪt]image/‘ɪmɪdʒ/manage/‘mænɪdʒ/village/‘vɪlɪdʒ/climate[ˈklaɪmɪt]
真题:
(1)15年中考26.Whichofthefollowingwordsispronounced/ʃeɪp/?
A.shapeB.sheepC.shopD.ship
(2)16奉贤一模26.Whichofthefollowingwordmatchesthesound[seɪf]?
A.seemB.seatC.senseD.safe
(3)18普陀二模26.Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others?
A.This tea table is for saleB.Mark will plan for a trip to HongKong
C.Where is my school bag?
D.We usually have some noodles for lunch
(4)18浦东二模26.Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation ?
A.garageB.manageC.lazyD.carry
(5)15杨浦二模27.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciationfromothers?
A.Icriedbecauseofhisangrywords.B.Thiswasmylastchancetoescape.
C.Hewaswearingadarkbrownjacket.D.Hereadbythelightofthebedsidelamp.
(6)18金山一模26.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciationfromothers?
A.contactB.manageC.captainD.escape
(7)16静安一模26.Samwasfoundinnocentinthecaseandwasfinallysetfree.Whichofthefollowingiscorrectin
pronunciationfortheunderlinedword?
A./keis/B./kʌs/C./kaɪs/D./ka:
s/
(8)17杨浦一模26.Amuchbiggerbattleisaheadforthepresident.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectpronunciation
fortheunderlinepart?
A./e/B./æ/C./a:
/D./ei/
(9)17松江一模26.Whichofthefollowingwordsispronounced/tæp/?
A.tapB.topC.tipD.tape
(10)17黄浦一模26.Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation?
A.cakeB.mainC.mapD.stay
(11)16长宁一模27.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciationwithothers?
A.Whyareyousounhappy?
B.Wemanagedtogettotheairportintime.
C.Shewascaptainofthevolleyballteam.D.Varietyisthespiceoflife.
(12)18闵行一模26.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciation?
A.admitB.familiarC.apologizeD.program
2、e的发音
(1)e在开音节中发/i:
/或/iə/
开音节中发/i:
/eve/i:
v/n.夏娃theme/θi:
m/n.主题zebra/'ziːbrə]n.斑马he/hiː/pron.他
she/ʃiː/n.女人me/mi:
/pron.我we/wiː/pron.我们
开音节中发/iə/serioszerohero
(2)在闭音节中发/e/
leg/leg/n.腿desk/desk/n.办公桌cell/sel/n.细胞chest[tʃest]n.胸
net/net/n.网web/web/n.网nest/nest/n.巢,窝pencil/'pensəl/n.铅笔
beg/beg/vi.乞讨edit/'edɪt/vt.编辑less/les/n.较少pen/pen/n.钢笔
(12)字母e 在非重读音节中发[ə]或/i/
当e未非重读音节,且该e在重读音节后面,该e发/ə/:
evidence/‘evɪdəns/angel/‘eɪndʒ(ə)l/darken/‘dɑːk(ə)n/novel/‘nɒv(ə)l/
happen/‘hæp(ə)n/label/‘leɪb(ə)l/open/‘əʊp(ə)n/silent/‘saɪlənt/
camel/‘kæm(ə)l/even/‘iːv(ə)n/enemy/‘enəmɪ/
当e未非重读音节,且该e在重读音节前面,该e发/ɪ/
become/bɪ’kʌm/behave/bɪ’heɪv/decide/dɪ’saɪd/deny/dɪ’naɪ/
predict/prɪ’dɪkt/resist/rɪ’zɪst/belong/bɪ’lɒŋ/relax/rɪ’læks/
特殊:
elephant/‘elɪf(ə)nt/
真题:
(1)16中考26·Let'stakearestandlistentosomemusic.Whichiscorrectfortheunderlinedpart?
A./e/B./i:
/C./i/D./ə/
(2)18杨浦二模26.Whichofthefollowingwordsispronouncedas/fens/?
A.fansB.fenceC.faceD.fax
(3)18虹口一模26.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciation?
A. method B.schedule C.text D.serious
(4)17徐汇一模26.ManyleadersfromdifferentcountriesattendedtheopenceremonyoftheG20summitinHangzhouin
2016.Whichiscorrectfortheunderlinedpart?
A./i/B./e/C./ə/D./ʌ/
(5)16普陀一模26.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciationfromothers?
A.Hehasagoodmemoryforface.B.Thevalleygoesfromwesttoeast..
C.Shehaschangedalotinrecentyears.D.Hehadapainintheneck..
(6)17宝山一模26.Themothertriestopreventherchildfromplayingcomputergames.Whichofthefollowingiscorrect
fortheunderlinedwordinthesentence?
A./prɪ'vent/B./pre'vent/C./prə'vent/D./prɪ'vənt/
(7)18杨浦一模26.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciation?
A.methodB.enemyC.memoryD.recent
(8)18徐汇一模26.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciation?
A.restB.mentionC.resultD.mess
(9)18宝山一模26.MothertoldTomtobehavehimself.Whichofthefollowingiscorrectfortheunderlinedwordinthe
sentence?
A./bɪ'hev/B./bɪ'heɪv/C./be'heɪv/D./bɪ'hi:
v/
(10)17崇明二模27.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciationfromothers?
A.Iplaytabletenniswithhereveryafternoon.
B.Aftershegraduatedfromuniversity,KatewassenttoJapanatonce.
C.We'regoingtolistentoalecturegivenbyafamousprofessor.
D.Hehadahighfeverbecauseofthechangeableweather.
3、i的发音
(1)i在开音节中发/aɪ/
bite/baɪt/climate/'klaɪmət/bike/baɪk/like/laɪk/kite/kaɪt/knives/naɪvz/writer/‘raɪtə/pie/paɪ/
ice/aɪs/rice/raɪs/crime/kraɪm/Bible/'baɪb(ə)l/cry/kraɪ/dry/draɪ/July/dʒʊˈlaɪ/
type/taɪp/my/maɪ/shine/ʃaɪn/shy/ʃaɪ/sky/skaɪ/fly/flaɪ/try/traɪ/five/faɪv/time/taɪm/tide/taɪd/strike/straɪk/while/waɪl/alike/ə’laɪk/
(2)I在闭音节中发 /ɪ/
bit/bɪt/cliff/klɪf/bridge/brɪdʒ/dig/dɪg/fit/fɪt/kiss/kɪs/lip/lɪp/mix/mɪks/pity/'pɪtɪ/big/bɪg/city/'sɪtɪ/pig/pɪg/pick/pɪk/myth/mɪθ/sit/sɪt/wind/wɪnd/six/sɪks/
(3)字母i 在非重读音节中发/ə//ɪ/,
clinic/‘klɪnɪk/family/‘fæmɪlɪ/holiday/'hɒlɪdeɪ/hospital/'hɒspɪt(ə)l/native/'neɪtɪv/
medicine/'medɪsɪn/
(4)字母i 在非重读音节中发/aɪ/
advertise/‘ædvətaɪz/apologize/ə’pɒlədʒaɪz/appetite/‘æpɪtaɪt/exercise/‘eksəsaɪz/
其他:
(5)双音节词的结尾是“辅音字母+le”,前面的i所在的音节是绝对开音节时,i读[ai]。
例如:
title[’taitl]Bible[’baibl]rifle[raifl]
(6)在-igh,-ight,-ign,-ild,-ind中,i读[ai]。
例如:
bright[’brait]high[hai]child[tʃaild]
但是也有例外,
例如:
children['tʃildrən]wind[wind]
(7)在词尾-ile,-ite,-ise,-ize,-wise里,i读[ai]。
例如:
advertise['ædvətaiz]crocodile['krɔkə,dail]appetite[’æpitait]realize['riəlaiz]
otherwise['ʌðəwaiz]
(8)在词尾一ique里,i读[i:
]。
例如:
antique[æn’ti:
k];technique[tek’ni:
k];unique[ju’ni:
k].
(9)在双音节和多音节词中i读。
例如:
differ['difə];fifteen['fifti:
n];history['histəri];mixture['mikstʃə];village['vilidʒ];winner['winə];
真题:
(1)16崇明一模26.Whichofthefollowingwordsispronouncedas/prais/?
A.pieceB.priceC.praiseD.practice
(2)17长宁二模26.Whichofthefollowingwordsmatchesthesound/laif/?
A.laughB.leafC.lifeD.live
(3)长宁二模26.Whichofthefollowingwordsispronouncedas/praiz/?
A.praiseB.prizeC.priceD.prison
(4)15奉贤二模27.Whichofthefollowingwordsmatchesthesounds/praiz/?
A.prizeB.praiseC.priceD.piece
(5)15浦东二模26.Mr.LiawardedmeaprizeformywonderfulperformanceattheEnglishparty.Whichofthefollowingiscorrectfortheunderlinedword?
A./priz/B./praiz/C./pris/D./prais/
(6)16普陀一模26.Whichofthefollowingwordsmatchesthesound/baɪt/?
A.bitB.biteC.beatD.boat
(7)15金山二模26.Whichofthefollowingwordmatchesthesound/wain/?
A.winB.wineC.whenD.widen
(8)16闵行二模26.Whichofthefollowingwordsispronounced/'faɪə/?
A.floorB.fineC.fireD.flight
(9)18崇明二模26.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciation?
A.wisdomB.blindC.tripD.simple
(10)16杨浦一模26.Whichofthefollowingwordsispronouncedas/waild/?
A.worldB.wideC.wildD.wind
(11)16崇明二模26.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciationfromothers?
A.Sueisflyingthekitewithhercousinonthegrass.B.Hebegantogotohiscompanyonhisbicycle.
C.Wouldyoupleasehelpmepickoutthebadoranges?
D.IsawMikehidingbehindthesofawhenIentered
(12).18黄浦二模26.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsmatchesthesound/i/?
A.wineB.fightC.highD.habit
(13)15闵行二模26.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciationfromothers?
A.Annsurvivedintheearthquake.B.Wouldyoulikesometea?
.
C.MyauntlivesintheeastofChina.D.Thereisapictureinmymind.
(14)17宝山一模27.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciationwithothers?
A.Heactsasakillerinthefilm.B.Whendidyouarriveattheairport?
C.Canyouhelpmefixthechai
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