阅读理解新增文章共3篇.docx
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阅读理解新增文章共3篇.docx
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阅读理解新增文章共3篇
阅读理解新增文章(共3篇)
2011年综合类职称英语教材新增文章下载
阅读理解新增文章(共3篇)
第八篇
TheStateofMarriageToday
Istheresomethingseriouslywrongwithmarriagetoday?
Duringthepast50years,therateofdivorceintheUnitedStateshasexploded:
almost50%ofmarriagesendindivorcenow,andtheevidencesuggestsitisgoingtogetworse.Ifthistrendcontinues,itwillleadtothebreakupofthefamily,accordingtoaspokespersonfortheNationalFamilyAssociation.Somefuturistspredictthatin100years,theaverageAmericanwillmarryatleastfourtimes,andextramaritalaffairswillbeevenmorecommonthantheyarenow.
Butwhatarethereasonsforthis,andisthepicturereallysogloomy?
Theanswer
explodev.激增,迅速扩大deceptiveadj.迷惑的,骗人的
predictv.预言,预料,预报outdatedadj.旧式的,过时的
extramaritaladj.婚外的indicatev.表明,暗示
gloomyadj.阴暗的;令人沮丧的consequencen.结果,后果
institutionn.制度,习俗contentedadj.满足的,满意的
outlookn.展望,前景counterpartn.对应的人(或物)
pessimisticadj.悲观的
注释:
NationalFamilyAssociation:
美国国家家庭联合会
练习:
1.WhichistrueabouttheproblemofmarriageintheUnitedStatestoday?
A)Divorceleadstothebreakupofthefamily.
B)Halfofthemarriedcouplesgetdivorced.
C)Americanpeoplemarrymorethanfourtimes.
D)Moreandmorepeoplearegettingdivorced.
2.Whatdoes“thisisnolongerthecase”inparagraphtwomean?
A)Itisnotnecessarytogetmarriedanymore.
B)Womendonotneedahusbandanylonger.
C)Womenarenoteconomicallydependantanymore.
D)Manywivesdowell-payingjobsoutsidehomenow.
3.Whymaytheoutlookofmarriagenotbeasgloomyasitappears?
A)Manypeoplestillliketogetmarried.
B)Therateofdivorcehasactuallydecreased.
C)Over50%ofthemarriagescontinuetoexist.
D)Thestatisticsofdivorceisnotquitetrue.
4.Howdopeopleusuallyfeelintheirmarriagelife?
A)Theyaremuchhealthier.
B)Theyfeelnolongersingle.
C)Theyaremoresatisfied.
D)Theysufferalotless.
5.WhichofthefollowingaboutmarriageisNOTmentionedinthepassage?
A)Therewillbemorerelationshipsoutsidemarriage.
B)Manypeopletrytogetmarriedagainafterdivorce.
C)Marriagehaslongbeenpartlyaneconomicalneed.
D)Itisafactthatmostpeoplechoosetogetmarried.
答案与题解:
1.D从第一段里可以了解到选项A与C都是预计将来会发生的,而不是如今的情况。
B选项与第一段第二句“almost50%ofthemarriagesendindivorce”不符。
第一段第二句里的“therateofdivorceintheUnitedStateshasexploded”“theevidencesuggestsitisgoingtogetworse”话语正好说明了D选项的情况。
2.C第二段第四句、第五句说得很清楚,妇女们如今在外工作在经济上不再依赖她们的丈夫,因此觉得无需维持行将失败的婚姻。
3.A从第二段里可以了解到离婚率并没有下降而是上升了,因此B选项不对。
而C选项与第三段里“Infact,morethan50%offirstmarriagessurvive”所说不符,该选项没有提到是第一次婚姻。
同样,D选项在文中也没有说到,文中第三段的最后一句只是说统计数据具有欺骗性,而没有说数据失实。
4.C文中第四段第三句的后半句说得很清楚,结了婚的人比单身的人更满足。
A,D选项提到的是实际情况而不是婚后人们的感觉,因此不对。
文中并没有提到选项B所说的情况。
5.BA选项在第一段最后一句里提到了,C选项和D选项分别在第二段、第四段里提到了,而B选项却没有哪一段具体提到
第三十八篇
ExcessiveDemandsonYoungPeople
Beingabletomultitaskishailedbymostpeopleasawelcomeskill,butnotaccordingtoarecentstudywhichclaimsthatyoungpeoplebetweentheagesofeightandeighteenoftheso-calledGenerationM1arespendingaconsiderableamountoftheirtimeinfruitlesseffortsastheymultitask.Itarguesthat,infact,theseyoungpeoplearefritteringawayasmuchashalfoftheirtimeagainastheywouldiftheyperformedtheverysametasksoneaftertheother.
Someyoungpeoplearejugglinganeverlargernumberofelectronicdevicesastheystudy.Atthesametimethattheyareworking,youngadultsarealsosurfingontheInternet,orsendingoutemailstotheirfriends,and/oransweringthetelephoneandlisteningtomusicontheiriPods2oronanothercomputer.Assomenewdevicecomesalongittooisaddedtothelistratherthanreplacingoneoftheexistingdevices.
Otherresearchhasindicatedthatthismultitaskingisevenaffectingthewayfamiliesthemselvesfunctionasyoungpeoplearetoowrappedup3intheirownisolatedworldstointeractwiththeotherpeoplearoundthem.Theycannolongergreetfamilymemberswhentheyenterthehousenorcantheyeatatthefamilytable.
Allthiselectronicwizardryissupposedlyalsoseriouslyaffectingyoungpeople’sperformanceatuniversityandintheworkplace.Whenaskedabouttheirperceptionoftheimpactofmoderngadgetsontheirperformanceoftasks,theoverwhelmingmajorityofyoungpeoplegaveafavourableresponse.
Theresponsefromtheacademicandbusinessworldswasnotquiteaspositive.Theformerfeelthatmultitaskingwithelectronicgadgetsbychildrenaffectslaterdevelopmentofstudyskills,resultinginadeclineinthequalityofwriting,forexample,becauseofthelackofconcentrationontaskcompletion.Theyfeelthatmanyundergraduatesnowurgentlyneedremedialhelpwithstudyskills.Similarly,employersfeelthatyoungpeopleenteringtheworkforceneedtobetaughtalloveragain,astheyhavebecomedeskilled.
Whileallthismaybetrue,itmustbeborneinmind4thatmoreandmoreisexpectedofyoungpeoplenowadays;infact,toomuch.Praiseratherthancriticismisdueinrespectof5thewaytoday’syouthareabletocopedespitewhattheoldergenerationthrowatthem.
词汇:
excessiveadj.过多的,额外interactvi.交流,沟通,互动
multitaskvi.同时进行多个任务wizardryn.魔力,法术
supposedlyadv.据认为,据推测
hailvt.赞扬performancen.表现,行为
claimvt.声称,主张perceptionn.认识,看法,见解
considerableadj.相当大的,相当多的impactn.影响,作用
gadgetn.小巧的机械装置
frittervt.消耗,浪费overwhelmingadj.压倒性的
jugglevt.耍弄,玩耍majorityn.大多数
electronicdevicen.电子装置,电子仪器academicadj学术的,学校的
declinen.下降,衰退
surfvi.(网上)冲浪,漫游,浏览concentrationn.专心,专注
indicatevt.表明,指出remedialadj.补习的,补救的
affectvt.影响deskilledadj.逐渐失去技能的
isolatedadj.孤立的,与世隔绝的dueadj.应有的,适当的
注释:
1.GenerationM:
M代表multimedia。
GenerationM即“多媒体时代”,是指伴随着计算机和因特网的普及而成长起来的一代年轻人。
他们多出生于1980年之后,热衷于计算机、因特网、视频游戏、智能手机。
这些新媒体和传统媒体如电视、印刷品、音响制品结合起来,使得他们的世界异常丰富多彩。
“多媒体时代”的另一特征就是可以multitask,即多项任务同时进行,如他们可以一边上网冲浪、一边听着音乐、一边看着电视里的MTV、一边和朋友短信聊天、同时还做着自己的家庭作业。
2.iPod:
美国苹果公司的一款音乐播放器,除了可以播放MP3音乐外,iPod还可以作为高速移动硬盘使用,可以显示联系人、日历和任务,以及阅读电子书和聆听有声电子书以及播客(Podcasts)。
3.bewrappedupin…注意力完全集中于……
4.bearinmind记住
5.inrespectof关于,就……而言
练习:
1.Accordingtoarecentstudy,whatisprobablytrueaboutthemultitaskingGenerationM?
A)Theyarehighlycommendedforbeingsoeffectiveandefficient.
B)Theywastemoretimethantheyshouldsave,contrarytocommonassumptions.
C)Theyshouldprioritizeandfocusonthemostimportanttasksonhand.
D)Theyneedtoimprovetheirorganizationalskillssoastocompletealltheirtasks.
2.Withtheadventofnewgadgets,whatwillhappentoGenerationM’spresente-devices?
A)Theymakewayforthelatestandgreatestandareretiredbytheyoungpeople.
B)Theyareputawaytemporarilybutstayinrotationfortheirownerstochoosefrom.
C)Theybecomepartoftheeverincreasingcollectionofnovelties.
D)Theyareeithersoldortradedsothattheirownerscanupdatetheirtoysandhobbies.
3.HowwillmultitaskingaffectGenerationMadversely?
A)Itmakesthemfeellonelyandpitiful.
B)Itmakesthemaloofandelusivetofamilyandfriends.
C)Itmakesthemselfishandpossessive.
D)Itmakesthemimpoliteandungrateful.
4.Whatisthebiggestproblemformultitaskingundergraduatesinuniversities?
A)Theyshouldadjusttheiracademicattitudesseriously.
B)Theyshouldseekpsychologicalprofessionalsforassistance.
C)Theyshouldtakesomecrashcoursestocatchupwiththeirclassmates.
D)Theyshouldtryhardertofocusononetaskbeforemovingontothenext.
5.Indealingwithtoday’syouth.whatapproachshouldparentstake?
A)Besupportiveandunderstanding.
B)Berealisticandlowertheirexpectations
C)Beencouragingandlettheirchildrensticktotheiroldhabits.
D)Bepatientandhopeeverythingwillworkoutjustfineeventually.
答案与题解:
1.B从第一段第一句话中的“aconsiderableamountoftheirtime”“fruitlessefforts”以及该段最后一句话中的“fritteringawayasmuchas…”可以进行同义替换,waste就是fruitless和fritter的同义词。
2.C从第二段的最后一句话中的“addedtothelistratherthanreplacing”可以判断出,这些年轻人的电子设备是越来越多,而不是A被取而代之、B被轮流使用、D被出售或交换以便买更新的产品。
3.B答案A是文字游戏,原文中“isolatedworlds”应该理解为孤立的世界,即独自"alone",而不是孤独“lonely”。
答案C说他们变得自私和占有欲强,想买更多电子产品,显然不对。
答案D说他们变得不懂礼貌和不知感恩,均是对第三段最后一句话中的“nolongergreet”和“norcantheyeatatthefamilytable”的字面理解。
答案B是两个近义词,重点在性格变化上,变得“若即若离,难以捉摸"。
4.D答案A认为是态度问题,把客观问题主观化。
答案B是误导选项,试图用“remedialhelp”误导大家联想到remedy一词,故引出psychologicalprofessional的曲解。
答案C把第五段第一句中的“laterdevelopment”和“declineinthequalityof...”表象化,认为应该抓紧赶上同学(catchup)。
答案D才是正确答案,问题症结在于multitasking难以让人集中注意力,造成浪费时间、影响表现等后果,这些前文均已提过。
5.A答案A把praise替换成了相对隐性的近义词。
答案B只针对最后一段的第一句话,断章取义。
答案C前半部分encouraging还算接近正确答案,后半部分则成了鼓励“将错就错"。
答案D认为应采取“听之任之,顺其自然”的态度转
第四十七篇
SpoiltforChoice
Choice,wearegivento1believe,isaright.Indailylife,peoplehavecometoexpectendlesssituationsaboutwhichtheyarerequiredtomakedecisionsonewayoranother.Inthemain2,these
arejustirksomemomentsatworkwhichdemandsomeextraenergyorbrainpower,orduringlunchbreakslikechoosingwhichtypeofcoffeetoorderorindeedwhichcoffeeshoptogoto.Butsometimesselectingoneoptionasopposedtoanothercanhaveseriousorlifelongrepercussions.Morecomplexdecision-makingistheneitheravoided,postponed,orputintothehandsofthearmyofprofessionals,lifestylecoaches,lawyers,advisors,andthelike,waitingtolightentheemotionalburdenforafee2.Butforagoodmany4peopleintheworld,inrichandpoorcountries,choiceisaluxury,notaright.Andforthosewhothinktheyareexercisingtheirrighttomakechoices,thewholesystemismerelyanillusion,createdbycompaniesandadvertiserswantingtoselltheirwares5.
Themainimpactofendlesschoiceinpeople’slivesisanx
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