上海市各区高三英语一模试题汇编摘要写作Summary Writing老师版全部带答案已经校对.docx
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上海市各区高三英语一模试题汇编摘要写作Summary Writing老师版全部带答案已经校对.docx
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上海市各区高三英语一模试题汇编摘要写作SummaryWriting老师版全部带答案已经校对
One【2018届上海市虹口区高三英语一模试题】
IV.SummaryWriting
Directions:
Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.
WildernessTherapy
Whenmostpeopleheartheterm“psychotherapy”,theypicturetraditionaltalktherapy–someonesittingonacouchorchairtalkingabouttheirtroublingthoughtsandfeelingswithapsychologistorothermentalhealthprofessional. However,talktherapyisn’ttheonlytypeofpsychotherapyusedtohelpindividualsstrugglingwithdepression,anxiety,andawholehostofotherchallengingdisorders,emotionalstruggles,andothertypesofproblems.Inreality,therapytakesplaceinallkindsofsettings.Oneofthemiswildernesstherapy.
Whenthecampsiteissetupandthefireislit,thedoctorisin.Wildernesstherapyisasuccessful,andsometimescontroversial(有争议的)waytohelptroubledyouthbyteachinglifeandsocialskillsonthehikingtrail.Intensivegrouptherapyandone-on-onesessionsarecoupledwithoutdooractivitieslikemountainclimbingandfly-fishingtoteachself-relianceandresponsibility.Programspromisetoreformeventhemostwayward(任性的)ofoffenders,includingteenswithdepression,angermanagementissues,oreatingdisorders.
Whilewildernesstherapycanbeeffective,certainmethodshavecomeunderfireforusingunethical,andsometimesabusive(施虐的)techniquestohelpstrugglingyouth.Wildernessprogramsarelooselyregulated,sonotallprogramsarestaffedbyqualifiedprofessionals.Uponcloserexamination,some“therapy”groupsseemedtobejustmilitary-stylebootcampswithlittlementalhealthbenefit.
Evenlegalwildernesstherapygroupshavebeencriticizedforpartneringwithteenescort(陪同)companiestoforciblyremoveunwillingparticipantsfromtheirhomestoattendtheprogram.Whilecontroversyandriskexist,wildernesstherapymightbeacreativewaytoteachlifeskillswhenothermethodshavefailed.
Keys:
Wildnesstherapyisakindofpsychotherapy,whichisasuccessfulonewithargument.Itisaimedtoreformyouthsintroublebyhavingthemgetinvolvedinoutdooractivities.Itiscriticized/blamedforsomeofitsmethods,lackofprofessionalstaffandnotbeingmentallybeneficial.However,itisacreativewaytoequipyouthswithlifeandsocialskills.(60words)
Two【2018届上海市黄浦区高三英语一模试题】
IV.SummaryWriting
Directions:
Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.
AreOpenOfficesGoodforUs?
Fouryearsago,ChrisNageledidwhatmanyothertechnologyexecutiveshavedonebefore–movedhisteamintoanopenconceptoffice.Hisstaffhadbeenentirelyworkingfromhome,buthewantedeveryonetobetogether,toconnectandcooperatemoreeasily.Itquicklybecameclear,though,thatNagelehadmadeahugemistake.Everyonewasdistractedandproductivitysufferedandnineemployeeswereunhappy,nottomentionNagelehimself.Aboutthreeyearsaftermovingintotheopenoffice,Nagelemovedthecompanyintoa10,000-squarefootofficewhereeveryonenowhastheirownspace—completewithclosingdoors.
Numerouscompanieshaveheldtheopenoffice—about70%ofUSofficesareopenconcept—andveryfewhavemovedbackintotraditionalspaceswithofficesanddoors.Butresearchthatwe’re15%lessproductive,wehavehugetroubleconcentratinginopenworkingspaces,hascontributedtoagrowingcriticismagainstopenoffices.
Besidethecheapercost,onemainargumentfortheopenworkspaceisthatitincreasesteamwork.However,it’swelldocumentedthatwerarelybrainstormbrilliantideaswhenwe’rejustshootingthebreezeinacrowd.Instead,asmanyofusknow,we’remorelikelytohearabouttheChristmasgiftacolleagueisbuyingforafamilymember,orproblemswithyourdeskmate’sspouse.
Forjobsthatrequirefocus, likewriting,advertising,financialplanningandcomputerprogramming,somecompaniesthataren’treadytoabandonopenplansareexperimentingwithquietandclosedspaces.Thetroublewiththat,issomeofusdon’tfeelcomfortableleavingtheteamtogooffonourown—itcanfeelasifwe’renotpullingourweightifwe’renotpresent.That’sparticularlytrueinhigh-pressureenvironments.Someofusevenfeelthatescapingtoaquietroomisasignofweakness.
Keys:
Thoughopenofficesismeanttoraisecooperation,employeesfeelithardtoconcentrate,thusreducingproductivity.
Quietandclosedspacesarebetterchoicesforjobsdemandingconcentration,butsomehaveafeelingofdiscomfortorweaknesstoworkalone.(40words)
Three【2018届上海市浦东新区高三英语一模试题】
IV.SummaryWriting
Directions:
Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.
Accordingtoanofficialreportonyouthviolence.“Inourcountrytoday,thegreatestthreattothelivesofchildrenandadolescentsisnotdiseaseorstarvationorabandonment,buttheterriblerealityofviolence.”Giventhatthisisthecase,whyaren’tstudentstaughttomanageconflictthewaytheyaretaughttosolvemathproblems,drivecars,orstayphysicallyfit?
Firstofall,studentsneedtorealizethatconflictisunavoidable.Itisreportedthatmostviolentincidentsbetweenstudentsbeginwitharelativelyminorinsult.Forexample,afightcouldstartoverthefactthatonestudenteatsapeanutbuttersandwicheachlunchtime.Laughteroverthesandwichcanleadtoinsults,whichinturncanleadtoviolence.
Iftheconflictoccurs,studentscanpracticethegoldenruleofconflictresolution:
staycalm.Oncethestudentfeelscalmer.Oncethestudentfeelscalmer.Heorsheshouldchoosewordsthatwillcalmtheotherpersondownaswell.Rudewordsandaccusationsonlyaddfueltotheemotionalfirewhilesoftwordscanputoutthefirebeforeitexplodesoutofcontrol.
Afterthat,theycanuseanotherkeystrategyforconflictresolution.Listeningallowsthetwosidestounderstandeachother.Onepersonshoulddescribehisorherside:
andtheotherpersonshouldlistenwithoutinterrupting.Afterwards,thelistenercanasknon-threateningquestionstoclarifythespeaker’sposition.Thenthetwopeopleshouldchangeroles.
Finally,studentsneedtoconsiderwhattheyarehearing.Anargumentdoesn’tmeantryingtofigureoutthefaultoftheotherpersonbutmeansunderstandingwhattherealissueis.Astheissuebecomesclearer,theconflictoftensimplybecomessmaller.(280words)
Keys:
Violenceisofficiallyreportedtohavebecomethegreatestthreattoteenagers’lives,andstudentsshouldlearntohowtomanageconflict.
Whileconflictisinevitable,whichstudentsshouldknow,keepingcalmandcarefullylisteningtoeachotherisadvisable.
Reviewingwhattheyhearandunderstandingwhattherealissueiswillmaketheconflictbecomesmaller.(58words)
Four【2018届上海市长宁区嘉定区高三英语一模试题】
IV.SummaryWriting
Directions:
Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.
Toairlineandairportoperators,fogisanenemy.Whenthewhite,mistyblankethidesrunways,airplanescannottakeofforland.Changesinflightschedulescosttheairlinesseveralmilliondollarseachyear.
Fogisanconcentrationoftinywaterdropletssuspendedintheair.Itmostoftenoccurswhenwarm,mostairissuddenlycooled.Tocleartheairoffog,itisnecessarytoevaporatethedropletsorcausethemtojointogetherandfallasrainorsnow.
In1968,anewfog-sweepingmachinewastestedfordissipating(驱散)themostcommonkingoffog,whichoccursattemperatureabovefreezing.Themachineconsistsof100-foot-longplastictubemountedonamobileblower.Asthemachinemovedacrosstheairport,chemicalswereblownthroughthetubeandupintothefog.Oneofthechemicalsreducesthesurfacetensiononthewaterdropletssothattheywouldjointogethermoreeasily.Anotherchemicalgaveanelectronicchargetothedroplets,sothattheyattractedeachotherandfellasrain.
Coldfog,whichoccursattemperaturesbelowfreezing,causesonlyasmallpercentageofairportshutdowns.Coldfogisfairlyeasytoeliminate.Forquiteafewyears,airportshaveusedcloud-seedingmethodstodissipatecoldfog.Anairplanedropscrystalsofdryiceintothefog.Soon,snowfallsandtheairclears.
Inthe1900s,anotherkindofweaponagainstfogwasdeveloped.Pilotswhoareflyingthroughfogfireapulseoflaserlighttowardtherunway.Thelightthatwouldnormallybereflectedbythefogisscreenedoutbyasensor.Whenthelaserpulsereturns,thesensoropensbrieflytoadmitonlythelightreflectedfromtherunway,thusenablingthelaserto“see”therunwaythroughthefog.
Thesenew“whetherweapons”arehelpingtowinthewaragainstfog.
Keys:
Fog,aconcentrationoftinywaterdropletssuspendingintheair,isairlineandairportoperators’enemy,butmachineshavehelpedtowinthewaragainstit.Thefog-sweepingmachinedissipatescommonfog,andthecloud-seedingmachinecaneliminatecoldfog.Anotherweaponenablespilotsto“see”therunwaythroughthefog.(55words)
Five【2018届上海市徐汇区高三英语一模试题】
IV.SummaryWriting
Directions:
Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.
Weseeiteverywhere.Atiredparent,attheendofastressfulday,losesit—andachildsuffers.We’dliketohelpifwecould,butwehesitate.Isitourbusinesstointervene(干涉)?
Andifwedo,willweembarrassandoffendt
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