雅思阅读判断题解析.docx
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雅思阅读判断题解析.docx
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雅思阅读判断题解析
雅思阅读判断题解析
在雅思阅读冲刺阶段,很多同学都在盲目做题,只要是阅读题就全部做。
这样是不科学的,在冲刺阶段,需要着重看一些经典阅读题目,吸取宝贵经验。
下面小编就和大家分享,来欣赏一下吧。
阅读冲刺丨雅思阅读判断题解析
Q2:
Incosmichistory,radiationdominateduniversebeforematterdidso.
问题:
为什么是选YES,好象在文章里找不到。
解答:
原文第4和第5自然段描述了过程先后的时间顺序。
Q4:
Incosmologists'debates,thebigbangandinflationtheoriesdefeatedtheiralternativessuchasthesteadystatetheory.
问题:
原文Cosmologistshavesettledthedisputesthatonceanimatedtheirfield,suchastheolddebatesbetweenthebigbangtheoryandthesteadystatetheoryandbetweeninflationanditsalternatives.Notinginscienceisabsolutelycertain,butresearchersnowfeelthattheirtimeisbestspentondeeperquestions,beginningwiththecauseofthecosmicacceleration.我看到关于thebigbangandinflationtheoriesandthesteadystatetheory的只有这一段,可是没有表明他们Q4啊,为什么Q4选TURE,而不是NOTGIVEN呢?
解答:
文章说科学家已经解决了这些争论(havesettledthedisputes)——要么是同意了老观点,要么是同意了新观点。
该段最后又说科学家已经把注意力放到了寻找thecauseofcosmicacceleration(新观点)上了。
那么理解起来不就是新的观点被科学家们认同了吗?
同时请注意文中的两个并列结构:
theolddebatesbetweenthebigbangtheoryandthesteadystatetheoryandbetweeninflationanditsalternatives,下划线为新观点。
该题考段内上下文联合理解。
Q5:
Cosmologists’initialresponsestotherevolutionarydiscoverieswerealwaysconservative.
问题:
文章用词是fairly题目中是always.为什么不是NO而是NG呢?
如果文章中用词是often,但是题目中sometimes是F(见MorseCodeQ6),两个有什么区别吗?
解答:
fairly是“相当地”的意思,表达程度;always是“经常”的意思,表频率;所以是NG。
而often和sometimes都是表频率,可以比较,而且不同。
Q6:
Thelawofgravityworksinentirelydistinctmannersonsmallandgiganticscale.
问题:
可以在文章倒数第二段最后一句找到定位,可是文章中提到的gigantic和题目是一样的,至于题目中的small文章是没有的.而不知道的文章中的humble是不是和small同一个意思,如果是,应该选T,如果不是应该是N,怎么会是NG呢?
解答:
humble和small是同一个意思,但题目中是entirely,文中是maybe,题目中可能性缩小,故选NG。
雅思阅读全真练习系列:
Whydidapromisingheartdrugfail
Whydidapromisingheartdrugfail?
Doomeddrughighlightscomplicationsofmeddlingwithcholesterol.
1.Thefailureofahigh-profilecholesteroldrughasthrownaspotlightonthecomplicatedmachinerythatregulatescholesterollevels.Butmanyresearchersremainconfidentthatdrugstoboostlevelsof'good'cholesterolarestilloneofthemostpromisingmeanstocombatspirallingheartdisease.
2.DrugcompanyPfizerannouncedon2Decemberthatitwascancellingallclinicaltrialsoftorcetrapib,adrugdesignedtoraiseheart-protectivehigh-densitylipoproteins(HDLs).Inatrialof15000patients,asafetyboardfoundthatmorepeoplediedorsufferedcardiovascularproblemsaftertakingthedrugplusacholesterol-loweringstatinthanthoseinacontrolgroupwhotookthestatinalone.
3.Thenewscameasakickintheteethtomanycardiologistsbecauseearliertestsinanimalsandpeoplesuggesteditwouldlowerratesofcardiovasculardisease."Therehavebeennoredflagstomyknowledge,"saysJohnChapman,aspecialistinlipoproteinsandatherosclerosisattheNationalInstituteforHealthandMedicalResearch(INSERM)inPariswhohasalsostudiedtorcetrapib."Thiscancellationcameasacompleteshock."
4.TorcetrapibisoneofthemostadvancedofanewbreedofdrugsdesignedtoraiselevelsofHDLs,whichferrycholesteroloutofartery-cloggingplaquestotheliverforremovalfromthebody.Specifically,torcetrapibblocksaproteincalledcholesterolestertransferprotein(CETP),whichnormallytransfersthecholesterolfromhigh-densitylipoproteinstolowdensity,plaque-promotingones.Statins,incontrast,mainlyworkbyloweringthe'bad'low-densitylipoproteins.
Underpressure
5.Researchersarenowtryingtoworkoutwhyandhowthedrugbackfired,somethingthatwillnotbecomeclearuntiltheclinicaldetailsarereleasedbyPfizer.Onehintliesinevidencefromearliertrialsthatitslightlyraisesbloodpressureinsomepatients.Itwasthoughtthatthismildproblemwouldbeoffsetbytheheartbenefitsofthedrug.Butitispossiblethatitactuallyprovedfatalinsomepatientswhoalreadysufferedhighbloodpressure.Ifbloodpressureistheexplanation,itwouldactuallybegoodnewsfordrugdevelopersbecauseitsuggeststhattheproblemsarespecifictothiscompound.OtherprototypedrugsthatarebeingdevelopedtoblockCETPworkinaslightlydifferentwayandmightnotsufferthesamedownfall.
6.ButitisalsopossiblethatthewholeideaofblockingCETPisflawed,saysMotiKashyap,whodirectsatherosclerosisresearchattheVAMedicalCenterinLongBeach,California.WhenHDLsexcretecholesterolintheliver,theyactuallyrelyonLDLsforpartofthisprocess.SoinhibitingCETP,whichpreventsthetransferofcholesterolfromHDLtoLDL,mightactuallycauseanabnormalandirreversibleaccumulationofcholesterolinthebody."You'reblockingaphysiologicmechanismtoeliminatecholesterolandeffectivelyconstipatingthepathway,"saysKashyap.
Goingup
7.Mostresearchersremainconfidentthatelevatinghighdensitylipoproteinslevelsbyonemeansoranotherisoneofthebestroutesforhelpingheartdiseasepatients.ButHDLsarecomplexandnotentirelyunderstood.Oneapproveddrug,calledniacin,isknowntobothraiseHDLandreducecardiovascularriskbutalsocausesanunpleasantsensationofheatandtingling.Researchersareexploringwhethertheycanbypassthissideeffectandwhetherniacincanlowerdiseaseriskmorethanstatinsalone.Scientistsarealsoworkingonseveralothermeanstobumpuphigh-densitylipoproteinsby,forexample,introducingsyntheticHDLs."Theonlythingweknowisdeadinthewateristorcetrapib,notthewholeideaofraisingHDL,"saysMichaelMiller,directorofpreventivecardiologyattheUniversityofMarylandMedicalCenter,Baltimore.
(613wordsnature)
Questions1-7 Thispassagehas7paragraphs1-7.
Choosethecorrectheadingforeachparagraphfromthelistofheadingsbelow.
Writethecorrectnumberi-ixinboxes1-7onyouranswersheet.
ListofHeadings
i.Howdoestorcetrapibwork?
ii.Contradictoryresultpriortothecurrenttrial
iii.Onefailuremaypossiblybringaboutfuturesuccess
iv.Thefailuredoesn’tleadtototallossofconfidence
v.Itistherightroutetofollow
vi.Whyit’sstopped
vii.Theymaycombineandtheoreticallyproduceidealresult
viii.What’swrongwiththedrug
ix.Itmightbewrongatthefirstplace
Exampleanswer
Paragraph1iv
1.Paragraph2
2.Paragraph3
3.Paragraph4
4.Paragraph5
5.Paragraph6
6.Paragraph7
Questions7-13 Matchtorcetrapib,HDLs,statinandCETPwiththeirfunctions(Questions8-13)..
WritethecorrectletterA,B,CorDinboxes8-13onyouranswersheet.
NBYoumayuseanylettermorethanonce.
7.Ithasbeenadministeredtoover10,000subjectsinaclinicaltrial.
8.Itcouldhelpridhumanbodyofcholesterol.
9.Researchersareyettofindmoreaboutit.
10.Itwasusedtoreducethelevelofcholesterol.
11.AccordingtoKashyap,itmightleadtounwantedresultifit’sblocked.
12.Itproducedcontradictoryresultsindifferenttrials.
13.ItcouldinhibitLDLs.
Listofchoices
A.Torcetrapic
B.HDLS
C.Statin
D.CETP
雅思阅读全真练习系列:
TheTriumphofUnreason
TheTriumphofUnreason?
A. Neoclassicaleconomicsisbuiltontheassumptionthathumansarerationalbeingswhohaveaclearideaoftheirbestinterestsandstrivetoextractmaximumbenefit(or“utility”,ineconomist-speak)fromanysituation.Neoclassicaleconomicsassumesthattheprocessofdecision-makingisrational.Butthatcontradictsgrowingevidencethatdecision-makingdrawsontheemotions—evenwhenreasonisclearlyinvolved.
B. Theroleofemotionsindecisionsmakesperfectsense.Forsituationsmetfrequentlyinthepast,suchasobtainingfoodandmates,andconfrontingorfleeingfromthreats,theneuralmechanismsrequiredtoweighuptheprosandconswillhavebeenhonedbyevolutiontoproduceanoptimaloutcome.Sinceemotionisthemechanismbywhichanimalsareproddedtowardssuchoutcomes,evolutionaryandeconomictheorypredictthesamepracticalconsequencesforutilityinthesecases.Butdoesthisstillapplywhentheancestralmachineryhastorespondtothestimuliofurbanmodernity?
C. OneofthepeoplewhothinksthatitdoesnotisGeorgeLoewenstein,aneconomistatCarnegieMellonUniversity,inPittsburgh.Inparticular,hesuspectsthatmodernshoppinghassubvertedthedecision-makingmachineryinawaythatencouragespeopletorunupdebt.Toprovethepointhehasteamedupwithtwopsychologists,BrianKnutsonofStanfordUniversityandDrazenPrelecoftheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,tolookatwhathappensinthebrainwhenitisdecidingwhattobuy.
D. Inastudy,thethreeresearchersasked26volunteerstodecidewhethertobuyaseriesofproductssuchasaboxofchocolatesoraDVDofthetelevisionshowthatwereflashedonacomputerscreenoneafteranother.Ineachroundofthetask,theresearchersfirstpresentedtheproductandthenitsprice,witheachsteplastingfourseconds.Inthefinalstage,whichalsolastedfourseconds,theyaskedthevolunteerstomakeuptheirminds.Whilethevolunteersweretakingpartintheexperiment,theresearchersscannedtheirbrainsusingatechniquecalledfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging(fMRI).Thismeasuresbloodflowandoxygenconsumptioninthebrain,asanindicationofitsactivity.
E. Theresearchersfoundthatdifferentpartsofthebrainwereinvolvedatdifferentstagesofthetest.Thenucleusaccumbenswasthemostactivepartwhenaproductwasbeingdisplayed.Moreover,thelevelofitsactivitycorrelatedwiththereporteddesirabilityoftheproductinquestion.
F. Whenthepriceappeared,however,fMRIreportedmoreactivityinotherpartsofthebrain.Excessivelyhighpricesincreasedactivityintheinsularcortex,abrainregionlinkedtoexpectationsofpain,monetarylossandthevie
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