托福阅读重点出击.docx
- 文档编号:10917956
- 上传时间:2023-02-23
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:14
- 大小:20.80KB
托福阅读重点出击.docx
《托福阅读重点出击.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《托福阅读重点出击.docx(14页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
托福阅读重点出击
(1)
Iftheporesarelarge,thewaterinthemwillexistasdropstooheavyforsurfacetensiontohold,anditwilldrainaway;butiftheporesaresmallenough,thewaterinthemwillexistasthinfilms,toolighttoovercometheforceofsurfacetensionholdingtheminplace;thenthewaterwillbefirmlyheld.
12.Whichofthesentencesbelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentenceinthepassage?
Incorrectchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.
○Surfacetensionisnotstrongenoughtoretaindropsofwaterinrockswithlargeporesbutitstrongenoughtoholdontothinfilmsofwaterinrockswithsmallpores.
○Waterinrocksisheldinplacebylargeporesanddrainsawayfromsmallsizeporesthroughsurfacetension.
○Smallporesandlargeporesbothinteractwithsurfacetensiontodeterminewhetherarockwillholdwaterasheavydropsorasathinfilm.
○Iftheforceofsurfacetensionistooweaktoholdwaterinplaceasheavydrops,thewaterwillcontinuetobeheldfirmlyinplaceasathinfilmwhenlargeporesexist.
(2)
Forexample,someearlysocietiesceasedtoconsidercertainritesessentialtotheirwell-beingandabandonedthem,nevertheless,theyretainedaspartsoftheiroraltraditionthemythsthathadgrownuparoundtheritesandadmiredthemfortheirartisticqualitiesratherthanfortheirreligioususefulness.
12.Whichofthesentencesbelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentenceinthepassage?
Incorrectchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.
○Asociety’sritesweremorelikelytoberetainedintheoraltraditionifitsmythswereadmiredforartisticqualities.
○Theartisticqualityofamythwassometimesanessentialreasonforasocietytoabandonitfromtheoraltradition.
○Someearlysocietiesstoppedusingmythsintheirreligiouspracticeswhenritesceasedtobeseenasusefulforsocialwell-being.
○Mythssometimessurvivedinasociety’straditionbecauseoftheirartisticqualitiesevenaftertheywerenolongerdeemedreligiouslybeneficial.
(3)
Windvelocityalsoincreaseswithaltitudeandmaycauseseriousstressfortrees,asismadeevidentbythedeformedshapesathighaltitudes.
9.Whichofthesentencesbelowbestexpresstheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentenceinthepassage?
Incorrectchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.
○Becauseoftheirdeformedshapesathighaltitudes,treesarenotlikelytobeseriouslyharmedbythestrongwindstypicalofthosealtitudes.
○Asaltitudeincreases,thevelocityofwindsincrease,leadingtoaseriousdecreaseinthenumberoftreesfoundathighaltitudes.
○Thedeformedshapesoftreesathighaltitudesshowthatwindvelocity,whichincreasewithaltitude,cancauseserioushardshipfortrees.
○Increasedwindvelocityathighaltitudesdeformstheshapesoftrees,andthismaycauseseriousstressfortrees.
(4)
Thestructureofthebackboneshows,however,thatAmbulocetusswamlikemodernwhalesbymovingtherearportionofitsbodyupanddown,eventhoughaflukewasmissing.
10.Whichofthesentencesbelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentenceinthepassage?
Incorrectchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.
○EventhoughAmbulocetusswambymovingitsbodyupanddown,itdidnothaveabackbone.
○ThebackboneofAmbulocetus,whichallowedittoswim,providesevidenceofitsmissingfluke.
○AlthoughAmbulocetushadnofluke,itsbackbonestructureshowsthatitswamlikemodernwhales.
○Bymovingtherearpartsoftheirbodiesupanddown,modernwhalesswiminadifferentwayfromthewayAmbulocetusswam.
(5)
Theextremeseriousnessofdesertificationresultsfromthevastareasoflandandthetremendousnumbersofpeopleaffected,aswellasfromthegreatdifficultyofreversingorevenslowingtheprocess.
10.Whichofthesentencesbelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentenceinthepassage?
Incorrectchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.
○Desertificationisasignificantproblembecauseitissohardtoreverseandaffectslargeareasoflandandgreatnumbersofpeople.
○Slowingdowntheprocessofdesertificationisdifficultbecauseofpopulationgrowththathasspreadoverlargeareasofland.
○Thespreadofdesertsisconsideredaveryseriousproblemthatcanbesolvedonlyiflargenumbersofpeopleinvariouscountriesareinvolvedintheeffort.
○Desertificationisextremelyhardtoreverseunlessthepopulationisreducedinthevastareasaffected.
(6)
Herefusedtodevelopprojectiontechnology,reasoningthatifhemadeandsoldprojectors,thenexhibitorswouldpurchaseonlyonemachine-aprojector-fromhiminsteadofseveral.
3.Whichofthesentencesbelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentencefromthepassage?
Incorrectanswerchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.
○Edisonwasmoreinterestedindevelopingavarietyofmachinesthanindevelopingatechnologybasedononlyone.
○Edisonrefusedtoworkonprojectiontechnologybecausehedidnotthinkexhibitorswouldreplacetheirprojectorswithnewermachines.
○Edisondidnotwanttodevelopprojectiontechnologybecauseitlimitedthenumberofmachineshecouldsell.
○Edisonwouldnotdevelopprojectiontechnologyunlessexhibitorsagreedtopurchasemorethanoneprojectorfromhim.
(7)
Inorderforthestructuretoachievethesizeandstrengthnecessarytomeetitspurpose,architectureemploysmethodsofsupportthat,becausetheyarebasedonphysicallaws,havechangedlittlesincepeoplefirstdiscoveredthem----evenwhilebuildingmaterialshavechangeddramatically.
3.Whichofthesentencesbelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentenceinthepassage?
Incorrectchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.
○Unchangingphysicallawshavelimitedthesizeandstrengthofbuildingsthatcanbemadewithmaterialsdiscoveredlongago.
○Buildingmaterialshavechangedinordertoincreasearchitecturalsizeandstrength,butphysicallawsofstructurehavenotchanged.
○Whenpeoplefirststartedtobuild,thestructuralmethodsusedtoprovidestrengthandsizewereinadequatebecausetheywerenotbasedonphysicallaws.
○Unlikebuildingmaterials,themethodsofsupportusedinarchitecturehavenotchangedovertimebecausetheyarebasedonphysicallaws.
(8)
EstimatesindicatethattheaquifercontainsenoughwatertofillLakeHuron,butunfortunately,underthesemiaridclimaticconditionsthatpresentlyexistintheregion,ratesofadditiontotheaquiferareminimal,amountingtoabouthalfacentimeterayear.
3.Whichofthesentencesbelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentenceinthepassage?
Incorrectchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.
○DespitethecurrentimpressivesizeoftheOgallalaaquifer,theregion’sclimatekeepstheratesofwateradditionverysmall.
○Althoughtheaquiferhasbeenaddingwaterattherateofonlyhalfacentimeterayear,itwilleventuallyaccumulateenoughwateroffillLakeHuron.
○Becauseoftheregion’spresentclimaticconditions,waterisbeingaddedeachyeartotheaquifer.
○Evenwhentheregionexperiencesunfortunateclimaticconditions,theratesofadditionofwatercontinuetoincrease.
(9)
Manyecologistsnowthinkthattherelativelong-termstabilityofclimaxcommunitiescomesnotfromdiversitybutfromthe“patchiness”oftheenvironment,anenvironmentthatvariesfromplacetoplacesupportsmorekindsoforganismsthananenvironmentthatisuniform.
11.Whichofthesentencesbelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentenceinthepassage?
Incurredchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.
○Ecologistsnowthinkthatthestabilityofanenvironmentisaresultofdiversityratherthanpatchiness.
○Patchyenvironmentsthatvaryfromplacetoplacedonotoftenhavehighspeciesdiversity.
○Uniformenvironmentscannotbeclimaxcommunitiesbecausetheydonotsupportasmanytypesoforganismsaspatchyenvironments.
○Apatchyenvironmentisthoughttoincreasestabilitybecauseitisabletosupportawidevarietyoforganisms.
(10)
Inadditiontofindinganincreaseofsuitablebrowse,likehuckleberryandvinemaple,ArthurEinarsen,longtimegamebiologistinthePacificNorthwest,foundqualityofbrowseintheopenareastobesubstantiallymorenutritive.
11.Whichofthesentencesbelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentenceinthepassage?
Incorrectchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.
○ArthurEinarsen’slongtimefamilywiththePacificNorthwesthelpedhimdiscoverareaswheredeerhadanincreaseinsuitablebrowse.
○ArthurEinarsenfoundthatdeforestedfeedinggroundsprovideddeerwithmoreandbetterfood.
○BiologistlikeEinarsenbelieveitisimportanttofindadditionalopenareaswithsuitablebrowsefordeertoinhabit.
○AccordingtoEinarsen,huckleberryandvinemapleareexamplesofvegetationthatmaysomedayimprovethenutritionofdeerintheopenareasofthePacificNorthwest.
(11)
Perhaps,likemanycontemporarypeoples,UpperPaleolithicmenandwomenbelievedthatthedrawingofahumanimagecouldcausedeathofinjury,andifthatwereindeedtheirbelief,itmightexplainwhyhumanfiguresarerare
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 托福 阅读 重点 出击