高考英语阅读理解抓分练习题38.docx
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高考英语阅读理解抓分练习题38.docx
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高考英语阅读理解抓分练习题38
2014高考英语阅读理解抓分练习题(38)及答案
科普知识型阅读理解
(二)
(一)
Plantshavefamilyvalues,too,itseems,withnewresearchsuggestingtheycanrecognizecloserelativesinordertoworktogether.
Anabilitytotellfamilyfromstrangersiswellknowninanimals,allowingthemtocooperateandshareresources,butplantsmaypossesssimilarsocialskills,scientistsbelieve.
SusanDudleyandAmandaFileofMcMasterUniversityinOntario,Canada,reporttheyhavedemonstratedforthefirsttimethatplantscanrecognizetheirkin.
Thissuggeststhatplants,thoughlackingrecognitionandmemory,arecapableofcomplexsocialinteractions.
“Plantshavethiskindofhiddenbutcomplicatedsociallife,”Dudleysaid.
Thestudyfoundplantsfromthesamespeciesofbeachdwellingwildflowergrewaggressivelyalongsideunrelatedneighborsbutwerelesscompetitivewhentheysharedsoilwiththeirfamilies.
Searocket,aNorthAmericanspecies,showedstrongerandhealthierrootgrowthwhenplantedinpotswithstrangersthanwhenraisedwithrelativesfromthesamematernal(母系的)family,thestudyfound.
Thisisanexampleofkinselection,abehaviorcommoninanimalsinwhichcloselyrelatedindividualstakeagroupapproachtosucceedingintheirenvironment,theresearcherssaid.
Kinselectionalsoappliestocompetition,becauseiffamilymemberscompetelesswitheachother,thegroupwilldobetteroverall.“Everywhereyoulook,plantsaregrowingrightupnexttootherplants,”Dudleysaid,“Usuallyit’sacaseofeachplantforitself.Butsometimesthoseplantsarerelated,andtherearebenefitstonotwastingresourcesonbeingcompetitive,andthereisnotreallyacosttonotbeingcompetitiveaslongasyourneighborisalsonotbeingcompetitive.”
Learningandmemoryappeartobeimportantforkinrecognitioninanimals,butthisisn’tanoptionforplants,shenoted.
Someresearchersspeculate(猜测)thatplantscommunicatethroughtheirroots,identifyingthemselvesusingtinychemicalsignaturesspecifictoeachplant’sfamily.
( )6.What’sthemainideaofthemessage?
A.Studiesfindplantscanrecognize,communicatewithrelatives.
B.Kinselectionisimportantforplants.
C.Animalscanrecognizeandmemorizetheirrelatives.
D.Competitionasksplantstorecognizetheirrelatives.
( )7.WhichofthefollowingisNOTrightaboutanimals’socialskill?
A.Animalscanrecognizeandmemorizetheirrelatives.
B.Animals’socialskillistocooperateandshareresources.
C.Animals’socialskillcanrecognizecloserelativesinordertoworktogether.
D.Animals’socialskillisnouseatall.
( )8.Plants’kinselectionisto________.
A.growwellB.competewithotherkindsofplants
C.strengthentherelationshipamongsiblingsD.findwhichoneisthebest
( )9.Fromthepassage,welearnthat________.
A.searocketisaSouthAmericanspecies
B.searocketgrowsaggressivelyalongsideunrelatedneighbors
C.searocketgrowsaggressivelyalongsideitssiblings
D.searocketisakindofbushwithoutflowers
( )10.Howcantheplantscommunicatewitheachotheraccordingtoexperts’suppose?
A.Plantscommunicatebyusingtinychemicalsignaturesspecifictoeachplant’sfamily.
B.Plantscommunicatewitheachotherthroughtheirroots.
C.Plantscommunicatewitheachotherbytheirleaves.
D.Plantscommunicatewitheachotherwiththeirflowers.
(一)
本文是科普说明文。
科学家经过研究发现:
和动物一样,植物也有亲属选择的习性,同时排挤其他种类植物。
同时介绍了同系植物之间不竞争的原因、作用以及交流方式。
6.A 主旨大意题。
全文说明研究发现:
植物也可以辨别亲属,和亲属交流共生而和其他植物生长在一起时则疯狂排挤竞争。
7.D 细节理解题。
从第二段可以判断出动物的社会能力非常有用,是为了合作,为了共享资源,而不是没用。
8.B 细节理解题。
从倒数第三段看出,植物的亲属判断力是为了竞争。
9.B 推理判断题。
倒数第五段提到searocket和其他种类的植物长在一起时根系发达,具有侵略性,这是为了和其他植物竞争,夺取更多的资源。
10.B 细节理解题。
最后一段说明科学家猜测植物之间的交流可能是用根进行的,用微小的化学成分去验明是否是亲属。
Parentsareamongtheworld’smostpassionateartcollectors,savingtheirchildren’sartworkuntileverynookandcornerisfilled.Butwhenspacerunsout,howdoyoudecidewhattokeep,whattorecycleandhowtodisplayallofthosepreciousthings?
It’sessentialtoperiodicallysortthroughyourchildren’sartwork.JennWilson,anartteacheratToronto’sMabinSchool,suggestsparentsinvolvetheirchildrenintheprocessanduseitasanopportunityfordiscussion.
Youcanlimityourselftothreeorfourpiecesthatsumupyourchild’srecentartisticdevelopment.Oryoucanbeguidedbysize:
storethesmalleritemsandmakedigitalcopiesofthelargerones.Therestcanberecycled.
Wilsonadvisesparentstonotedownasmuchinformationastheycanontheartworktobesaved,includingthechild’sname,title,materials,dateandgrade.“Ifpossible,includedetailsaboutwhatthechildwasthinkingwhendoingtheart,collectedfromyourconversation.Thatwillbeenormouslyvaluableyearslater,whenthemotivationbehindtheworkhasfadedfrommemory.”
Internetartgalleriesofferagreatwaytoshareyourchild’sartisticaccomplishmentswithfriendsandrelatives.Kids’Spaceisaninternationalsitewherekidscansubmitaudiofilesoftheirmusicordigitizeddrawings.GlobalChildren’sArtGalleryisanonprofitsitewithmorethan1,000picturescurrentlyondisplay.Ifyou’reupforachallenge,designachildren’sartwebsiteforyourchild’sschool.
SherriOsborn,theMinnesotabasedguidetotheFamilyCraftsareaonA,foundahightechwaytorecyclesomeofherdaughter’soldschoolwork.“Iscanneditintomycomputer,printeditoutontofabric(织物)andthencombineditintoagraduationquiltforher.Inotonlyscannedsomeofherartwork,butIalsoscannedpoems,reportsandcertificates.Thisquiltwasabighitwitheveryone—especiallymydaughter.”
1.JennWilsonadvocateschildrenparticipatinginsortingthroughtheartworkto.
A.decidewhichartworkshouldbestored
B.helptheirparentstodohousework
C.useitasanopportunitytotalkaboutart
D.developtheabilityofselfhelp
2.Parentsshouldnotedownasmuchdetailsontheartworkastheycaninorderto.
A.recallthemotivationbehindtheworkyearslater
B.displaythepreciousworkoftheirchildren
C.teachtheirchildrenreadingandwriting
D.decidewhichonetoberecycled
3.WecanlearnfromthepassagethatKids’Space,GlobalChildren’sArtGalleryandAarewebsites.
A.whicharedesignedspeciallyforchildren
B.whichhelpparentsteachtheirchildren
C.whosebasesareinMinnesota
D.withareasforchildren’sartworkexhibition
4.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat.
A.SherriOsbornisanartteacher
B.SherriOsbornprintedherdaughter’sworkonherbedding
C.SherriOsborn’sdaughterisaprimarystudent
D.SherriOsborn’sdaughterlikesthesouvenirverymuch
1.Neverlookdownuponthepowerofpassion.(完形填空第五段)
不要小瞧了激情的力量。
(1)Shethinkstheylookdownonherbecauseshedidn’tgotouniversity.
她觉得他们瞧不起她是因为她没有上过大学。
(2)Hewaslookeddownonbecauseofhishumblebackground.
他因家世寒微而被人看不起。
2.Yourpassionwillhelpyoufacethechallengesasyoustartyourjourney.(完形填空第五段)
当你开始你的旅程时,你的激情会帮助你面对挑战。
(1)Iwatchedherasshecombedherhair.
她梳头时我一直看着她。
(2)Ashegrewolderhelostinterestineverythingexceptgardening.
他年纪越来越大,除了喜欢园艺以外,对一切都失去了兴趣。
3.Parentsareamongtheworld’smostpassionateartcollectors...(阅读理解第一段)
父母是世界上最有激情的艺术收藏家之一……
(1)Chinaisamongthelargestcountriesintheworld.
中国是世界上最大的国家之一。
(2)Iwasamongthelasttoleave.
我是最后离去者之一。
4.JennWilson,anartteacheratToronto’sMabinSchool,suggestsparentsinvolvetheirchildrenintheprocessanduseitasanopportunityfordiscussion.(阅读理解第二段)
珍·威尔逊是多伦多马宾学校的一名艺术教师,她建议父母应该让孩子参与到这个过程中来,并借此机会和孩子讨论艺术话题。
(1)Don’tinvolvemeinsolvingyourproblems.
你解决你的问题,不要把我拉进去。
(2)Thewitness’sstatementinvolvesyouintherobbery.
证人的证词表明你与劫案有关。
答案
Ⅱ.1.C 2.A 3.D 4.D
EllenParkerwasworriedaboutherhealth.Shecouldn’twalkveryquicklyanditwasdifficultforhertoclimbstairs,shewassoonoutofbreath.
“IsupposeIhadbettergotothedoctor,”shethought.
Shewenttothedoctorandtoldhimherproblem.
“I’mnotatallsurprised,”hesaid.“It’sclearwhatyourproblemis.”
Heexaminedherandthengavehersomeadvice.“Ifyoudon’tdowhatIsay,MrsParker,”hesaid,”thenyouwillhaveaheartattack.Itcouldkillyou.“
Ellenwasveryworriedassheleftthedoctor’s.
Sheknewthatshehadtotakehisadvicebutthatitwouldnotbeeasyandthatitwouldtaketime.
Thenextdayshewentshopping.Thefirstshopshewentintowasabutcher’sshop.
“I’dliketenpoundsofsteak,please,”shesaid.
“Certainly,madam,”thebutcherrepliedandwentintothecoldstorageroomandfoundalargepieceofsteak.
Hebroughtthehugepieceofmeatbackintotheshopandplaceditonthescale(秤).
“That’sjustundertenpounds,”hesaid.
Thebutcherworkedouttheprice.
“At$4.99apoundthatwillbe$45.50please.ShallIcutitupintosmallpiecesforyou?
”
“Oh,Idon’twanttobuythemeat,”MrsParkersaid.
“Ifyoudon’twanttobuyit,”thebutcherreplied,”whydidyouaskmetogetitforyou?
”
“Ijustwantedtoseewhat10poundsofmeatlookedlike.“
56.MrsEllenParkervisitedherdoctorbecause_________.
A.shehadhadaheartattackB.shewasunhappyaboutherweight
C.shehadaproblemwithherhealthD.shecouldn’tsleepwell
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。
根据EllenParkerwasworriedaboutherhealth.她有健康问题所以去看医生,故选C。
57.AfterthedoctorexaminedMrsEllenParker,headvisedherto_________.
A.eatmoremeatB.loseweight
C.comeandseehimagainD.lookafterherheart
【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。
根据文章的最后一句“Iwantedtoseewhattenpoundsofmeatlookedlike.”“Iwantedtoseewhattenpoundsofmeatlookedlike.”道出了她称肉的目的。
可以推出医生让她减肥,故选B。
58.MrsEllenParkeraskedfortenpoundsofsteakbecause_________.
A.shewantedtobuysomefordinner
B.shewantedtoloseweight
C.herdoctoraskedhertodo
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