张剑黄皮书考研英语真题及解析.docx
- 文档编号:10892203
- 上传时间:2023-02-23
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:73
- 大小:94.34KB
张剑黄皮书考研英语真题及解析.docx
《张剑黄皮书考研英语真题及解析.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《张剑黄皮书考研英语真题及解析.docx(73页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
张剑黄皮书考研英语真题及解析
2003年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题
SectionIUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CORDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)
Teachersneedtobeawareoftheemotional,intellectual,andphysicalchangesthatyoungadultsexperience.Andtheyalsoneedtogiveserious1tohowtheycanbest2suchchanges.Growingbodiesneedmovementand3,butnotjustinwaysthatemphasizecompetition.4theyareadjustingtotheirnewbodiesandawholehostofnewintellectualandemotionalchallenges,teenagersareespeciallyself-consciousandneedthe5thatcomesfromachievingsuccessandknowingthattheiraccomplishmentsare6byothers.However,thetypicalteenagelifestyleisalreadyfilledwithsomuchcompetitionthatitwouldbe7toplanactivitiesinwhichtherearemorewinnersthanlosers,8,publishingnewsletterswithmanystudent-writtenbookreviews,9studentartwork,andsponsoringbookdiscussionclubs.Avarietyofsmallclubscanprovide10opportunitiesforleadership,aswellasforpracticeinsuccessful11dynamics.Makingfriendsisextremelyimportanttoteenagers,andmanyshystudentsneedthe12ofsomekindoforganizationwithasupportiveadult13visibleinthebackground.
Intheseactivities,itisimportanttorememberthattheyoungteenshave14attentionspans.Avarietyofactivitiesshouldbeorganized15participantscanremainactiveaslongastheywantandthengoonto16elsewithoutfeelingguiltyandwithoutlettingtheotherparticipants17.Thisdoesnotmeanthatadultsmustacceptirresponsibility.18theycanhelpstudentsacquireasenseofcommitmentby19forrolesthatarewithintheir20andtheirattentionspansandbyhavingclearlystatedrules.
1.[A]thought[B]idea[C]opinion[D]advice
2.[A]strengthen[B]accommodate[C]stimulate[D]enhance
3.[A]care[B]nutrition[C]exercise[D]leisure
4.[A]If[B]Although[C]Whereas[D]Because
5.[A]assistance[B]guidance[C]confidence[D]tolerance
6.[A]claimed[B]admired[C]ignored[D]surpassed
7.[A]improper[B]risky[C]fair[D]wise
8.[A]ineffect[B]asaresult[C]forexample[D]inasense
9.[A]displaying[B]describing[C]creating[D]exchanging
10.[A]durable[B]excessive[C]surplus[D]multiple
11.[A]group[B]individual[C]personnel[D]corporation
12.[A]consent[B]insurance[C]admission[D]security
13.[A]particularly[B]barely[C]definitely[D]rarely
14.[A]similar[B]long[C]different[D]short
15.[A]ifonly[B]nowthat[C]sothat[D]evenif
16.[A]everything[B]anything[C]nothing[D]something
17.[A]off[B]down[C]out[D]alone
18.[A]Onthecontrary[B]Ontheaverage[C]Onthewhole[D]Ontheotherhand
19.[A]making[B]standing[C]planning[D]taking
20.[A]capability[B]responsibility[C]proficiency[D]efficiency
SectionIIReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)
Text1
WildBillDonovanwouldhavelovedtheInternet.TheAmericanspymasterwhobuilttheOfficeofStrategicServicesintheWorldWarⅡandlaterlaidtherootsfortheCIAwasfascinatedwithinformation.Donovanbelievedinusingwhatevertoolscametohandinthe“greatgame”ofespionage—spyingasa“profession.”ThesedaystheNet,whichhasalreadyre-madesucheverydaypastimesasbuyingbooksandsendingmail,isreshapingDonovan’svocationaswell.
Thelatestrevolutionisn’tsimplyamatterofgentlemenreadingothergentlemen’se-mail.Thatkindofelectronicspyinghasbeengoingonfordecades.Inthepastthreeorfouryears,theWorldWideWebhasgivenbirthtoawholeindustryofpoint-and-clickspying.Thespookscallit“opensourceintelligence,”andastheNetgrows,itisbecomingincreasinglyinfluential.In1995theCIAheldacontesttoseewhocouldcompilethemostdataaboutBurundi.Thewinner,byalargemargin,wasatinyVirginiacompanycalledOpen-SourceSolutions,whoseclearadvantagewasitsmasteryoftheelectronicworld.
AmongthefirmsmakingthebiggestsplashinthenewworldisStraitford,Inc.,aprivateintelligence-analysisfirmbasedinAustin,Texas.Straitfordmakesmoneybysellingtheresultsofspying(coveringnationsfromChiletoRussia)tocorporationslikeenergy-servicesfirmMcDermottInternational.Manyofitspredictionsareavailableonlineatwww.S.
StraifordpresidentGeorgeFriedmansaysheseestheonlineworldasakindofmutuallyreinforcingtoolforbothinformationcollectionanddistribution,aspymaster’sdream.LastweekhisfirmwasbusyvacuumingupdatabitsfromthefarcornersoftheworldandpredictingacrisisinUkraine.“Assoonasthatreportruns,we’llsuddenlyget500newinternetsign-upsfromUkraine,”saysFriedman,aformerpoliticalscienceprofessor.“Andwe’llhearbackfromsomeofthem.”Open-sourcespyingdoeshaveitsrisks,ofcourse,sinceitcanbedifficulttotellgoodinformationfrombad.That’swhereStraitfordearnsitskeep.
Friedmanreliesonaleanstaffof20inAustin.Severalofhisstaffmembershavemilitary-intelligencebackgrounds.Heseesthefirm’soutsiderstatusasthekeytoitssuccess.Straitford’sbriefsdon’tsoundliketheusualWashingtonback-and-forthing,wherebyagenciesavoiddramaticdeclarationsonthechancetheymightbewrong.Straitford,saysFriedman,takesprideinitsindependentvoice.
21.TheemergenceoftheNethas.
[A]receivedsupportfromfanslikeDonovan
[B]remoldedtheintelligenceservices
[C]restoredmanycommonpastimes
[D]revivedspyingasaprofession
22.Donovan’sstoryismentionedinthetextto.
[A]introducethetopicofonlinespying
[B]showhowhefoughtfortheUS
[C]giveanepisodeoftheinformationwar
[D]honorhisuniqueservicestotheCIA
23.Thephrase“makingthebiggestsplash”(line1,paragraph3)mostprobablymeans.
[A]causingthebiggesttrouble
[B]exertingthegreatesteffort
[C]achievingthegreatestsuccess
[D]enjoyingthewidestpopularity
24.Itcanbelearnedfromparagraph4that.
[A]straitford’spredictionaboutUkrainehasprovedtrue
[B]straitfordguaranteesthetruthfulnessofitsinformation
[C]straitford’sbusinessischaracterizedbyunpredictability
[D]straitfordisabletoprovidefairlyreliableinformation
25.Straitfordismostproudofits.
[A]officialstatus
[B]nonconformistimage
[C]efficientstaff
[D]militarybackground
Text2
Toparaphrase18th-centurystatesmanEdmundBurke,“allthatisneededforthetriumphofamisguidedcauseisthatgoodpeopledonothing.”Onesuchcausenowseekstoendbiomedicalresearchbecauseofthetheorythatanimalshaverightsrulingouttheiruseinresearch.Scientistsneedtorespondforcefullytoanimalrightsadvocates,whoseargumentsareconfusingthepublicandtherebythreateningadvancesinhealthknowledgeandcare.Leadersoftheanimalrightsmovementtargetbiomedicalresearchbecauseitdependsonpublicfunding,andfewpeopleunderstandtheprocessofhealthcareresearch.Hearingallegationsofcrueltytoanimalsinresearchsettings,manyareperplexedthatanyonewoulddeliberatelyharmananimal.
Forexample,agrandmotherlywomanstaffingananimalrightsboothatarecentstreetfairwasdistributingabrochurethatencouragedreadersnottouseanythingthatcomesfromoristestedinanimals—nomeat,nofur,nomedicines.Askedifsheopposedimmunizations,shewantedtoknowifvaccinescomefromanimalresearch.Whenassuredthattheydo,shereplied,“ThenIwouldhavetosayyes.”Askedwhatwillhappenwhenepidemicsreturn,shesaid,“Don’tworry,scientistswillfindsomewayofusingcomputers.”Suchwell-meaningpeoplejustdon’tunderstand.
Scientistsmustcommunicatetheirmessagetothepublicinacompassionate,understandableway—inhumanterms,notinthelanguageofmolecularbiology.Weneedtomakecleartheconnectionbetweenanimalresearchandagrandmother’shipreplacement,afather’sbypassoperation,ababy’svaccinations,andevenapet’sshots.Tothosewhoareunawarethatanimalresearchwasneededtoproducethesetreatments,aswellasnewtreatmentsandvaccines,animalresearchseemswastefulatbestandcruelatworst.
Muchcanbedone.Scientistscould“adopt”middleschoolclassesandpresenttheirownresearch.Theyshouldbequicktorespondtoletterstotheeditor,lestanimalrightsmisinformationgounchallengedandacquireadeceptiveappearanceoftruth.Researchinstitutionscouldbeopenedtotours,toshowthatlaboratoryanimalsreceivehumanecare.Finally,becausetheultimatestakeholdersarepatients,thehealthresearchcommunityshouldactivelyrecruittoitscausenotonlywell-knownpersonalitiessuchasStephenCooper,whohasmadecourageousstatementsaboutthevalueofanimalresearch,butallwhoreceivemedicaltreatment.Ifgoodpeopledonothing,thereisarealpossibilitythatanuninformedcitizenrywillextinguishthepreciousembersofmedicalprogress.
26.TheauthorbeginshisarticlewithEdmundBurke’swordsto.
[A]callonscientiststotakesomeactions
[B]criticizethemisguidedcauseofanimalrights
[C]warnofthedoomofbiomedicalresearch
[D]showthetriumphoftheanimalrightsmovement
27.Misledpeopletendtothinkthatusingananimalinresearchis.
[A]cruelbutnatural
[B]inhumanandunacceptable
[C]inevitablebutvicious
[D]pointlessandwasteful
28.Theexampleofthegrandmotherlywomanisusedtoshowthepublic’s.
[A]discontentwithanimalresearch
[B]ignoranceaboutm
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 黄皮书 考研 英语 解析
![提示](https://static.bdocx.com/images/bang_tan.gif)