International Economics 9th edition 课后习题答案.docx
- 文档编号:10875885
- 上传时间:2023-02-23
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:196
- 大小:413.93KB
International Economics 9th edition 课后习题答案.docx
《International Economics 9th edition 课后习题答案.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《International Economics 9th edition 课后习题答案.docx(196页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
InternationalEconomics9thedition课后习题答案
Contents
Chapter1Introduction1
OverviewofSectionI:
InternationalTradeTheory3
Chapter2WorldTrade:
AnOverview5
Chapter3LaborProductivityandComparativeAdvantage:
TheRicardianModel8
Chapter4Resources,ComparativeAdvantage,andIncomeDistribution12
Chapter5TheStandardTradeModel16
Chapter6EconomiesofScale,ImperfectCompetition,andInternationalTrade21
Chapter7InternationalFactorMovements26
OverviewofSectionII:
InternationalTradePolicy30
Chapter8TheInstrumentsofTradePolicy32
Chapter9ThePoliticalEconomyofTradePolicy37
Chapter10TradePolicyinDevelopingCountries42
Chapter11ControversiesinTradePolicy45
OverviewofSectionIII:
ExchangeRatesandOpen-EconomyMacroeconomics49
Chapter12NationalIncomeAccountingandtheBalanceofPayments51
Chapter13ExchangeRatesandtheForeign-ExchangeMarket:
AnAssetApproach57
Chapter14Money,InterestRates,andExchangeRates64
Chapter15PriceLevelsandtheExchangeRateintheLongRun70
Chapter16OutputandtheExchangeRateintheShortRun76
Chapter17FixedExchangeRatesandForeign-ExchangeIntervention84
OverviewofSectionIV:
InternationalMacroeconomicPolicy92
Chapter18TheInternationalMonetarySystem,1870–197394
Chapter19MacroeconomicPolicyandCoordinationUnderFloatingExchangeRates99
Chapter20OptimumCurrencyAreasandtheEuropeanExperience107
Chapter21TheGlobalCapitalMarket:
PerformanceandPolicyProblems112
Chapter22DevelopingCountries:
Growth,Crisis,andReform117
Chapter1
Introduction
1 ChapterOrganization
WhatisInternationalEconomicsAbout?
TheGainsfromTrade
ThePatternofTrade
HowMuchTrade
BalanceofPayments
Exchange-RateDetermination
InternationalPolicyCoordination
TheInternationalCapitalMarket
InternationalEconomics:
TradeandMoney
2 ChapterOverview
Theintentofthischapteristoprovidebothanoverviewofthesubjectmatterofinternationaleconomicsandtoprovideaguidetotheorganizationofthetext.Itisrelativelyeasyforaninstructortomotivatethestudyofinternationaltradeandfinance.Thefrontpagesofnewspapers,thecoversofmagazines,and
theleadreportsontelevisionnewsbroadcastsheraldtheinterdependenceoftheU.S.economywiththerestoftheworld.Thisinterdependencemayalsoberecognizedbystudentsthroughtheirpurchasesofimportsofallsortsofgoods,theirpersonalobservationsoftheeffectsofdislocationsduetointernationalcompetition,andtheirexperiencethroughtravelabroad.
Thestudyofthetheoryofinternationaleconomicsgeneratesanunderstandingofmanykeyeventsthatshapeourdomesticandinternationalenvironment.Inrecenthistory,theseeventsincludethecausesandconsequencesofthelargecurrentaccountdeficitsoftheUnitedStates;thedramaticappreciationofthedollarduringthefirsthalfofthe1980sfollowedbyitsrapiddepreciationinthesecondhalfofthe1980s;theLatinAmericandebtcrisisofthe1980sandtheMexicancrisisinlate1994;andtheincreasedpressuresforindustryprotectionagainstforeigncompetitionbroadlyvoicedinthelate1980sandmorevocallyespousedinthefirsthalfofthe1990s.Morerecently,thefinancialcrisisthatbeganinEastAsiain1997andspreadtomanycountriesaroundtheglobeandtheEconomicandMonetaryUnioninEuropehavehighlightedthewayinwhichvariousnationaleconomiesarelinkedandhowimportantitisforustounderstandtheseconnections.Atthesametime,protestsatglobaleconomicmeetingshavehighlightedoppositiontoglobalization.Thetextmaterialwillenablestudentstounderstandtheeconomiccontextinwhichsucheventsoccur.
Chapter1ofthetextpresentsdatademonstratingthegrowthintradeandincreasingimportanceofinternationaleconomics.Thischapteralsohighlightsandbrieflydiscussesseventhemeswhicharisethroughoutthebook.Thesethemesinclude:
(1)thegainsfromtrade;
(2)thepatternoftrade;
(3)protectionism;(4)thebalanceofpayments;(5)exchangeratedetermination;(6)internationalpolicycoordination;and(7)theinternationalcapitalmarket.Studentswillrecognizethatmanyofthecentralpolicydebatesoccurringtodaycomeundertherubricofoneofthesethemes.Indeed,itisoftenafruitfulheuristictousecurrenteventstoillustratetheforceofthekeythemesandargumentswhicharepresentedthroughoutthetext.
OverviewofSectionI:
InternationalTradeTheory
SectionIofthetextiscomprisedofsixchapters:
Chapter2 WorldTrade:
AnOverview
Chapter3 LaborProductivityandComparativeAdvantage:
TheRicardianModel
Chapter4 Resources,ComparativeAdvantage,andIncomeDistribution
Chapter5 TheStandardTradeModel
Chapter6 EconomiesofScale,ImperfectCompetition,andInternationalTrade
Chapter7 InternationalFactorMovements
3 SectionIOverview
SectionIofthetextpresentsthetheoryofinternationaltrade.Theintentofthissectionistoexplore
themotivesforandimplicationsofpatternsoftradebetweencountries.Thepresentationproceedsbyintroducingsuccessivelymoregeneralmodelsoftrade,wherethegeneralityisprovidedbyincreasingthenumberoffactorsusedinproduction,byincreasingthemobilityoffactorsofproductionacrosssectors
oftheeconomy,byintroducingmoregeneraltechnologiesappliedtoproduction,andbyexaminingdifferenttypesofmarketstructure.ThroughoutSectionI,policyconcernsandcurrentissuesareused
toemphasizetherelevanceofthetheoryofinternationaltradeforinterpretingandunderstandingoureconomy.
Chapter2givesabriefoverviewofworldtrade.Inparticular,itdiscusseswhatweknowaboutthequantitiesandpatternofworldtradetoday.Thechapterusestheempiricalrelationshipknownas
thegravitymodelasaframeworktodescribetrade.Thisframeworkdescribestradeasafunctionofthesizeoftheeconomiesinvolvedandtheirdistance.Itcanthenbeusedtoseewherecountriesaretradingmoreorlessthanexpected.Thechapteralsonotesthegrowthinworldtradeoverthepreviousdecades
andusesthepreviouseraofglobalization(pre-WWI)ascontextfortoday’sexperience.
Chapter3introducesyoutointernationaltradetheorythroughaframeworkknownastheRicardianmodeloftrade.Thismodeladdressestheissueofwhytwocountrieswouldwanttotradewitheachother.Thismodelshowshowmutually-beneficialtradeariseswhentherearetwocountries,eachwithonefactorofproductionwhichcanbeappliedtowardproducingeachoftwogoods.Keyconceptsareintroduced,suchastheproductionpossibilitiesfrontier,comparativeadvantageversusabsoluteadvantage,gainsfromtrade,relativeprices,andrelativewagesacrosscountries.
Chapter4introduceswhatisknownastheclassicHeckscher-Ohlinmodelofinternationaltrade.Usingthisframework,youcanworkthroughtheeffectsoftradeonwages,pricesandoutput.Manyimportantandintuitiveresultsarederivedinthischapterincluding:
theRybczynskiTheorem,theStolper-SamuelsonTheorem,andtheFactorPriceEqualizationTheorem.ImplicationsoftheHeckscher-Ohlinmodelforthepatternoftradeamongcountriesarediscussed,asarethefailuresofempiricalevidencetoconfirm
thepredictionsofthetheory.Thechapteralsointroducesquestionsofpoliticaleconomyintrade.Oneimportantreasonforthisadditiontothemodelistoconsidertheeffectsoftradeonincomedistribution.
Thisapproachshowsthatwhilenationsgenerallygainfrominternationaltrade,itisquitepossiblethatspecificgroupswithinthesenationscouldbeharmedbythistrade.Thisdiscussion,andrelatedquestionsaboutprotectionismversusglobalization,becomesbroaderandevenmoreinterestingasyouworkthroughthemodelsanddifferentassumptionsofsubsequentchapters.
Chapter5presentsageneralmodelofinternationaltradewhichadmitsthemodelsofthepreviouschaptersasspecialcases.This“standardtrademodel”isdepictedgraphicallybyageneralequilibriumtrademodelasappliedtoasmallopeneconomy.Relativedemandandrelativesupplycurvesareusedtoanalyzeavarietyofpolicyissues,suchastheeffectsofeconomicgrowth,thetransferproblem,andtheeffectsoftradetariffsandproductionsubsidies.Theappendixtothechapterdevelopsoffercurveanalysis.
Whileanextremelyusefultool,thestandardmodeloftradefailstoaccountforsomeimportantaspects
ofinternationaltrade.Specifically,whilethefactorproportionsHeckscher-Ohlintheoriesexplainsometradeflowsbetweencountries,recentresearchininternationaleconomicshasplacedanincreasingemphasisoneconomiesofscaleinproductionandimperfectcompetitionamongfirms.
Chapter6presentsmodelsofinternationaltradethatreflectthesedevelopments.Thechapterbeginsbyreviewingtheconceptofmonopolisticcompetitionamongfirms,andthenshowingthegainsfromtradewhichariseinsuchimperfectlycompetitivemarkets.Next,internalandexternaleconomiesofscaleinproductionandcomparativeadvantagearediscussed.Thechaptercontinueswithadiscussionoftheimportanceofintra-industrytrade,dumping,andexternaleconomiesofproduction.Thesubjectmatter
ofthischapterisimportantsinceitshowshowgainsfromtradeariseinwaysthatarenotsuggestedby
thestandard,moretraditionalmodelsofinternationaltrade.Thesubjectmatteralsoisenlighteninggiventheincreasedemphasisonintra-industrytradeinindustrializedcountries.
Chapter7focusesoninternationalfactormobility.Thisdepartsfrompreviouschapterswhichassumedthatthefactorsofproduc
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- International Economics 9th edition 课后习题答案 th 课后 习题 答案