人教版高中英语必修五reading原文doc.docx
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人教版高中英语必修五reading原文doc
必修5Unit1
JOHHSHOWDEFEATS"KINGCHOLERA"
JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon-soexpert,indeed,thatheattendedQueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysician.Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.Thiswasthedeadlydiseaseofitsday.Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.JohnSnowwantedtofacethechallengeandsolvethisproblem.Heknewthatcholerawouldneverbecontrolleduntilitscausewasfound.
Hebecameinterestedintwotheoriesthatpossiblyexplainedhowcholerakilledpeople.Thefirstsuggestedthatcholeramultipliedintheair.Acloudofdangerousgasfloatedarounduntilitfounditsvict:
ims.Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.Fromthestomachthediseasequicklyattackedthebodyandsoontheaffectedpersondied.
JohnSnowsuspectedthatthesecondtheorywascorrectbutheneededevidence.SowhenanotheroutbreakhitLondonin1854,hewasreadytobeginhisenquiry.Asthediseasespreadquicklythroughpoorneighbourhoods,hebegantogatherinforma廿on.Intwoparticularstreets,thecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.Hewasdeterminedtofindoutwhy.
Firsthemarkedonamaptheexactplaceswhereallthedeadpeoplehadlived.Thisgavehimavaluableclueaboutthecauseofthedisease.ManyofthedeathswerenearthewaterpumpinBroadStreet(especiallynumbers16,37,38and40).Healsonoticedthatsomehouses(suchas20and21BroadStreetand8and9CambridgeStreet)hadhadnodeaths.Hehadnotforeseenthis,sohemadefurtherinves廿ga廿ons.Hediscoveredthatthesepeopleworkedinthepubat7CambridgeStreet.Theyhadbeengivenfreebeerandsohadnotdrunkthewaterfromthepump.Itseemedthatthewaterwastoblame.
Next,JohnSnowlookedintothesourceofthewaterforthesetwostreets.HefoundthatitcamefromtheriverpollutedbythedirtywaterfromLondon.HeimmediatelytoldtheastonishedpeopleinBroadStreettoremovethehandlefromthepumpsothatitcouldnotbeused.Soonafterwardsthediseasesloweddown.Hehadshownthatcholerawasspreadbygermsandnotinacloudofgas.
InanotherpartofLondon,hefoundsuppor廿ngevidencefromtwootherdeathsthatwerelinkedtotheBroadStreetoutbreak.Awoman,whohadmovedawayfromBroadStreet,likedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.Bothsheandherdaughterdiedofcholeraafterdrinkingthewater.WiththisextraevidenceJohnSnowwasabletoannouncewithcertaintythatpollutedwatercarriedthevirus.
Topreventthisfromhappeningagain’JohnSnowsuggestedthatthesourceofallthewatersuppliesbeexamined.Thewatercompanieswereinstructnottoexposepeopletopollutedwateranymore・Finally"KingCholera"wasdefeated・
必修5Unit2TheUnitedKingdom-Reading
PUZZLESINGEOGRAPHY
Peoplemaywonderwhydifferentwordsareusedtodescribethesefourcountries:
England,Wales,ScotlandandNorthemIreland・YoucanclarifythisquestionifyoustudyBritishhistory.
FirsttherewasEngland・Waleswaslinkedtoitinthethirteenthcentury.NowwhenpeoplerefertoEnglandyoufindWalesincludedaswel1.NextEnglandandWaleswerejoinedtoScotlandintheseventeenthcenturyandthenamewaschangedto"GreatBritain〃・HappilythiswasaccomplishedwithoutconflietwhenKingJamesofScotlandbecameKingofEnglandandWalesaswel1.FinallytheEnglishgovernmenttriedintheearlytwentiethcenturytofonntheUnitedKingdombygettingIrelandconnectedinthesamepeacefulway.However,thesouthernpartofIrelandwasunwillingandbrokeawaytofonnits13owngovernment・SoonlyNorthernIrelandjoinedwithEngland,WalesandScotlandtobecometheUnitedKingdomandthiswasshowntotheworldinanewflagcalledtheUnionJack.
Totheircreditthefourcountriesdoworktogetherinsomeareas(eg,thecurrencyandinternationalrelations),buttheystillhaveverydifferentinstitutions.Forexample,NorthernIreland,EnglandandScotlandhavedifferenteducationalandlegalsystemsaswellasdifferentfootballteamsforcompetitionsliketheWorldCup!
Englandisthelargestofthefourcountries,andforconvenienceitisdividedroughlyintothreezones・ThezonenearestFranceiscalledtheSouthofEngland,themiddlezoneiscaliedtheMidlandsandtheonenearesttoScotlandisknownastheNorth・Youfindmostofthepopulationsettledinthesouth,butmostoftheindustrialcitiesintheMidlandsandtheNorthofEngland・Although,nalionwide,thesecitiesarenotaslargeasthoseinChina,theyhaveworld-famousfootballtearnsandsomeofthemevenhavetwo!
Itisapitythattheindustrialcitiesbuiltinthenineteenthcenturydonotattractvisitors・ForhistoricalarchitectureyouhavetogotooIderbutsmallertownsbuiltbytheRomans・ThereyouwillfindoutmoreaboutBritishhistoryandculture.
ThegreatesthistoricaltreasureofallisLondonwithitsmuseums,artcollections,theatres,parksandbuildings・Itisthecentreofnalionalgovernmentanditsadministration.IthastheoldestportbuiltbytheRomansinthefirstcenturyAD,theoldestbuildingbegunbytheAnglo-Saxonsinthe1060sandtheoldestcastieconstructedbylaterNormanrulersinirstinvaders,theRomans,lefttheirtownsandroads・Thesecond,theAnglo-Saxons,lefttheirlanguageandtheirgovernment・Thethird,theVikings,influencedthevocabularyandplace-namesoftheNorthofEngland,andthefourth,theNormans,leftcastlesandintroducednewwordsforfood.
IfyoulookaroundtheBritishcountrysideyouwillfindevidenceofalltheseinvaders・YoumustkeepyoureyesopenifyouaregoingtomakeyourtriptotheUnitedKingdomenjoyableandworthwhile・
必修5Unit3Lifeinthefuture-Reading
FIRSTIMPRESSIONS
Spacemall:
liqiang299A@GreatAdventureSpaceStation.com15/11/3
008(Earthtime)
DearMumandDad,IstillcannotbelievethatIamtakingupthisprizethatIwonlastyear・IhavetoremindmyselfconstaritlythatIamreallyinAD3008・Worriedaboutthejourney,
Iwasunsettiedforthefirstfewdays・Asaresult,Isufferedfrom"Timelag"・Thisissimilartothe"jetlag^yougetfromflying,butitseemsyoukeepgettingflashbacksfromyourprevioustimeperiod・SoIwasverynervousanduncertainatfirst・However,myfriendandguide,WangPing,wasveryunderstandingandgavemesomegreentabletswhichhelpedalot・Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparents'company,called"FutureTours",transportedmesafelyintothefutureinatimecapsule・
Icanstillrememberthemomentwhenthespacestewardesscalledusalltothecapsuleandweclimbedinthroughasmallopening・Theseatswerecomfortableandafteracalmingdrink,
wefeltsleepyandclosedoureyes・Thecapsulebeganswinginggentlysidewaysaswelayrelaxedanddreaming・AfewminuteslaXer,thejourneywascompletedandwehadarrived・Iwasstillontheearthbutonethousandyearsinthefuture.WhatwouldIfind?
Atfitstmynewsurroundingsweredifficulttotolerate.Theairseemedthin,asthoughitscombinationofgaseshadlittleoxygenleft・Hitbyalackoffreshair,myheadached・JustasItriedtomakethenecessaryadjustmenttothisnewsituation,WangPingappeared・"Putonthismask,"headvised・"It'11makeyoufeelmuchbetter."Hehandedittomeandimmediatelyhurriedmethroughtoasmallroomnearbyforarest・
Ifeltbetterinnotime・SoonIwasbackonmyfeetagainandfollowinghimtocollectahoveringcarriagedrivenbycomputer.Thesecarriagesfloatabovethegroundandbybendingorpressingdowninyourseat,youcanmoveswiftly.WangPingfastenedmysafetybeltandshowedmehowtouseit.SoonIcouldflyasfastashim.However,IlostsightofWangPingwhenwereachedwhatlookedlikealargemarketbecauseoftoomanycarriagesflyingbyinalldirections.Hewassweptupintothecentreofthem.JustatthatmomentIhada"timelag/zflashbackandsawtheareaagainasithadbeenintheyearAD2008・IrealizedthatIhadbeentransportedintothefutureofwhatwasstillmyhometown!
ThenIcaughtsightofWangPingagainandflewafterhim.
Arrivingatastrange-lookinghouse,heshowedmeintoalarge,brightcleanroom・Ithadagreenwall,abrownfloorandsoftlighting.Suddenlythewallmoved一itwasmadeoftrees!
Ifoundlaterthattheirleavesprovidedtheroomwithmuch-neededoxygen.ThenWangPingflashedaswitchonacompliterscreen,andatableandsomechairsrosefromunderthe
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floorasifbymagic・"Whynotsitdownandeatalittle?
"hesaid・"Youmayfindthisdifficultasitisyourfirsttimetraveltrip・Justrelax,sincethereisnothingplannedonthetimetabletoday.Tomorrowyou'11bereadyforsomevisits・"
Havingsaidthis,hespreadsomefoodonthetable,andproducedabedfromthefloor・Afterheleft,Ihadabriefmealandahotbath.Exhausted,Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.
Morenewslaterfromyourlovingson,
LiQiang
必修5Unit4Makingthenews-Reading
MYFIRSTWORKASSIGNMENT
Z/Unforgettable",saysnewjournalist
NeverwillZhouYang(ZY)forgethisfirstassignmentattheofficeofapopularEnglishnewspaper・Hisdiscussionwithhisnewboss,HuXin(HX),wastostronglyinfluencehislifeasajournalist・
HX:
Welcome・We'redelightedyou,recomingtoworkwithus.Yourfirstjobherewillbeanassistautjournalist・Doyouhaveanyquestions?
ZY:
CanIgooutonastoryimmediately?
HX:
(laughing)That5sadmirable,butI'mafraiditwo
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