人教版英语必修四笔记.docx
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人教版英语必修四笔记.docx
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人教版英语必修四笔记
Unit1Womenofachievement
教学目的和要求(Teachingaimsanddemands)
类别
课程标准要求掌握的项目
话题
Sociology:
importantwomen&greatwomen
词汇
achieveachievementconditionwelfareinstituteconnection
campaignorganizationspecialistdevotebehavebehaviornest
worthwhileobserveobservationrespectargueentertainment
inspiresupportcommunicationstrikeuponarticlekindness
ratemedicalexplainconsiderationdelivermodestconsiderate
词组、短语
devote...tolookdownupon/oncarefordeliverababy
功能
描述他人情况(Describingpeople)
Whatdoesshelooklike?
Whatdoyouthinkabout...?
Whatareherstrengths?
Whatareherweaknesses?
Howwouldyoudescribeher?
Howdoherfriendsdescribeher?
Sheisintelligent/determined/generous/kind/helpful/honest/brave/
unselfish/hard-working/confident/energetic/modest/considerate
(她是聪明的/坚定的/大方的/友好的/乐于助人的/诚实的/勇敢的/无私的/努力工作的/自信的/充满活力的/谦虚的/体贴的)
语法
主谓语一致(Subject-verbagreement)
Ourgroupareallgoingtovisitthechimpsintheforest.
Ourgroupincludessixboysandfivegirls.
Nobodybeforehasfullyunderstoodchimpbehavior.
随堂练习
1、Choosethecorrectanswersafterreadingthepassage.
①Whatdidthegroupdofirstinthemorning?
TheyC.
A.wentintotheforestslowly
B.leftthechimpfamilysleepinginatree
C.observedthefamilyofchimpswakeup
D.helpedpeopleunderstandthebehaviorofthechimps
②WhydidJanegotoAfricatostudychimpsinthewild?
BecauseshewantedA.
A.toworkwiththemintheirownenvironment
B.toprovethewaypeoplethinkaboutchimpswaswrong
C.todiscoverwhatchimpseat
D.toobserveachimpfamily
③JanewaspermittedtobeginherworkafterC.
A.thechimpfamilywokeupB.shelivedintheforest
C.hermothercametosupportherD.shearrivedatGombe
④ThepurposeofherstudywastoC.
A.watchthewildchimpsincagesB.gainadoctor’sdegree
C.understandandrespectthelivesofchimpsD.liveintheforestasmancan
2、Thinkaboutthesestatementsandtickthecorrectboxes.
TrueFalse
①Thechimpsshowloveintheirfamilybyfeedingortouching
eachother.
□
②Withoutanyuniversitytraining,shehasachievedwhatshe
wanted.
□
③Shehopesthatchimpscanbeleftintheforest.
□
④Shesupposesthatpeopleshouldnotusechimpsfor
entertainment.
□
⑤Shehasspentmorethanfortyyearshelpingpeopleunderstand
herwork.
□
⑥Shehasbuiltmanyhomesforthewildanimalstolivein.
□
课堂笔记
1、Thismeansgoingbacktoaplacewhereweleftthechimpfamilysleepingina
treethenightbefore.
这意味着我们要返回前一天晚上我们离开黑猩猩睡觉的大树旁。
meantodo=plantodo计划或打算干某事;meandoing意味着,意思是
①Imeanttogorunningthismorning,butIoverslept.
我今天早晨本打算去跑步,但是我睡过头了。
②Ididn’tmeantohurtyou;Imeantstudyinghardisimportanttoeveryone.
我不是有意刺伤你,我的意思是努力学习对每个人来说都重要。
相关链接:
trytodo尽力去做trydoing试着做
stoptodo停止去干别的事stopdoing停止正干的事
goontodo继续干另外一件事goondoing继续干同一件事
remembertodo记得要干某事rememberdoing记得干过某事
forgettodo忘记了要干某事forgetdoing忘记了干过某事
regrettotellsb遗憾地对某人说regretdoingsth后悔干了某事
wanttodo想要干某事wantdoing需要
needtodo有必要干needdoing需要
considertodo认为considerdoing考虑去做
练习
①Somethingiswrongwithmywatch.Itwantsrepairing.(repairing/torepair)
②Irememberseeingyoulastyear,butIforgottheplace.(seeing/tosee)
③Remembertolockthedoorwhenyouleavehere.(locking/tolock)
④Youaresotired,sopleasestoptorestforawhile.(resting/torest)
⑤Sinceyou’vefailedagainandagain.Whynottrydoingitinanotherway?
(doing/todo)
2、Buttheeveningmakesitallworthwhile.
但是到傍晚时分我们觉得这一切都是值得的。
worthwhile值得的(做表语或定语)
worthsomemoney值多少钱(worth不置于名词之前)
worthdoing值得做
①Itisaworthwhilejobanditisworthdoingrightnow.
这是一项有价值的工作,值得马上做。
②...Howmuchisthiscoatworth?
(=Howmuchdoesthiscoatcost?
)
...Itisworth$200.(=Itcosts$200.)
这件上衣值多少钱?
它值200美元。
3、Onlyafterhermothercametohelpherforthefirstfewmonthswassheallowed
tobeginherproject.
她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙,这才使她得以开始自己的计划。
...wassheallowedtobeginherproject是倒装句,正常语气的陈述结构是shewas
allowedtobeginherproject.
only修饰的介词短语、副词和状语从句位于句首时,句子的主谓部分要倒装。
①Onlybybikecouldyougetthereontime.
只有骑自行车你才能按时到达那儿。
②OnlyyesterdaydidIhaveatimetomeetyou.
只有昨天我才有时间接你。
③Onlywhenyoujoinuscanwewinthegame.
只有你加入我们才有可能赢得这场比赛。
注意:
only修饰的主语不倒装。
OnlyyouandIcanknowhistelephonenumber.
只有你和我知道他的电话号码。
4、Shehasarguedforthemtobeleftinthewildandnotusedforentertainment
oradvertisements.
她一直主张它们(猩猩)应留在野外生活,而不为娱乐和广告所利用。
arguefor赞成argueagainst反对
arguewithsbaboutsth为某事与某人争吵
①Myparentsarealwaysarguingwitheachotheraboutmoney.
我的父母老是为钱争吵。
②Mostofusarguedforfive-dayweek.
我们多少人赞成一周上班5天。
③Idon’tknowwhysomanypeoplearguedagainstmyplanatthemeeting.
我不知道为什么这么多的人在会上反对我的计划。
5、Ilookedcarefullyatthetextandrealizedthatitwasintendedforwomenwho
livedinthecountryside.
我细细地看了这篇文章,了解到那是为了生活在农村的妇女而写的。
intendtodo=intenddoing=intendthatsb(should)dosth计划干某事
intend的被动式常用于表示“为……而准备;预定”的意思。
①Weintendtogo.Theyintendgoing.Youintendedthatshe(should)go.
我们打算去,他们要去,你计划让她去。
②Thedictionaryisintendedforthebeginners.
这本词典为初学者编的。
③Thiswasintendedtobeapictureofacat.
这幅画本来是要画猫的。
相关链接
continuetodo=continuedoing继续干某事
6、Furtherreadingmademerealizethatitwashardworkanddeterminationaswell
ashergoodnaturethathadgotherintomedicalschool.
进一步阅读使我了解到,是苦干、决心和善良的天性使她走进了医学院的大门。
强调句的结构:
Itis/was+被强调部分+who/that+原有其它部分。
练习
强调以下的画线部分:
①Theboycleanedtheclassroomyesterday.
Itwastheboywhocleanedtheclassroomyesterday.
②Theboycleanedtheclassroomyesterday.
Itwastheclassroomthattheboycleanedyesterday.
③Theboycleanedtheclassroomyesterday.
Itwasyesterdaythattheboycleanedtheclassroom.
7、IfoundthatLinQiaozhihaddevotedherwholelifetoherpatientsandhadchosen
nottohaveafamilyofherown.
我发现林巧稚把毕生都献给了病人,而自己却选择了独身。
devote...to...把……献给……;把……用在……
①Theoldteacherhasdevotedallhimselftohisteachingwork.
这个老教师把毕生精力都献给了教学工作。
②Shedevotedherselftotennisinherteens.
她在少女时代热衷于网球。
相关链接(介词to之后接v.-ing或名词):
lookforwardto盼望干beusedto习惯干
referto参阅;指的是turnto转向;向某人求助
belongto属于adaptto适应
leadto导致getdownto着手
①Areyouusedtogettingupsoearlyeveryday?
你习惯每天早起吗?
②Allofuslookforwardtovisitingtheplace.
我们所有人都盼望访问那个地方。
语法:
Subject-verbagreement(主谓一致)
主谓一致口角:
整体用单个体复,就远就近要记住;“不定”“不可”“四”成单,“特殊”情况莫马
虎。
1、整体用单个体复
集体名词group,class,family,army,enemy,country等作主语时,如果强调整
体,谓语动词用单数形式;如果强调个体,用复数形式。
MyfamilyisverylargeandthefamilyarenowwatchingTVtogether.(前
一个family指整体,后一个family指成员)
2、就远就近要记住
当主语后面接说明主语的修饰语,如with,alongwith,togetherwith,like,
aswellas,ratherthan,but,except,besides,including,inadditionto
等时,谓语动词不受修饰语的影响,仍保持与主语一致的关系。
Mr.Smith,aswellashischildrenhascometoChina.
当用作主语的两个名词或代词由either...or,neither...nor,not...but,
notonly...butalso连接时,谓语动词通常与邻近的名词或代词保持一致。
①NeitherhenorIamfreetoday.
②Eitherheoryouareright.
此外,there+be句型中谓语的数也适用于“邻近”原则。
Thereisapenandtwoboxesonthetable.
3、“不定”“不可”“四”成单
不定代词anyone,everyone,someone,noone,anything,something,everything,
nothing,each,theother等作主语时,以及不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单
数。
①Everybodyishere,butnoteverythingisready.
②Thereisalotoffoodontheplate.
③Threefifthsofthewaterispolluted.
表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等复数名词,通常被看作整体,谓语动词用单数。
①Threethousandmilesisalongway.
②Fivehundreddollarswasspentontheproject.
4、“特殊”情况莫马虎
以下特殊情况要记忆:
①Ateacherandwriterhascometoourschool.
②EveryboyandeverygirlofthisschoolisgoodatEnglish.
③Morethanonestudentofourclassisclever.
④Manyaboylikesplayingfootball.(manya=morethanone)
⑤Mathematicsisalanguageofscience.
⑥Theglassworksisnotfarawayfromourschool.
⑦Generallyspeaking,theyoungarestrongerthantheold.
⑧Booksofthiskindareofgreatvalue.
⑨Thiskindofbookiswellsold.
练习
①Notonlytheboysbutalsotheirteacherwaspleasedwiththeanswer.(was/were)
②Fivethousanddollarsisalotofmoney.(is/are)
③Thereisalotoffoodontheplate.(is/are)
④ItisnotyoubutIwhoamondutytoday.(is,am/are)
⑤Anewcarwithtwocomputerswassenttotheplayer.(was/were)
⑥Allbutourmonitorwerelateforthemeeting.(was/were)
重点词汇
1、lookdownupon/on蔑视;瞧不起lookupto尊敬
①Don’tlookdownuponpeasants,withoutwhomwecan’tlive.
不要瞧不起农民,没有他们我们不能生活。
②Everybodyknowsweoughttolookuptoourparents.
人人知道应该尊敬父母。
相关链接
thinkhighly/muchof重视;看重;高度评价
thinknothing/littleof瞧不起;贬低;评价低
2、carefor照顾;照看;喜爱
①Youareoldenoughtocareforyourself.(=lookafter)
你已经长大了,可以自己照顾自己了。
②Theoldmancaresmoreforchessthananythingelse.(=like)
这个老人最喜欢下象棋。
(喜欢象棋胜过一切)
Unit2Workingtheland
教学目的和要求(Teachingaimsanddemands)
类别
课程标准要求掌握的项目
话题
Agriculture:
apioneerinfarming;organicfarming&greenfood
词汇
hungersunburnsunburntstrugglesuperoutputexpandequip
circulatesatisfiedfreedomviolinmotorcyclegrainexport
suitablechemicalconfusemineralreducesupplybacteria
pestlevelwhateversummaryexchangenutritioncertain
词组、短语
rid...ofbesatisfiedwithleada...lifewouldrather
referto
功能
建议(Suggestions&advice)
Iwouldrather...Idon’tlike...because...
Iprefer...because...It’sagreatpitythat...
ShouldI/we...?
It’sbetterto...
Youneedto...MayIsuggest...?
Butwhat/howabout...?
LetmesuggestLengJianlibecause...
IfIhaveachoiceI’dchoose...because...
PerhapsweshouldconsiderLengJianlibecause...
语法
动词的-ing形式作主语和宾语的用法
(The–ingformasthesubject&object)
Wishingforthings,however,costnothing.
Hisotherhobbiesincludeplayingmah-jong,swimmingandreading.
随堂练习
1、Thetopicofthisunitisaboutagriculture.Asyouknow,thereisafamous
scientis
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