C本文描写Joseph.docx
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C本文描写Joseph
ReadingComprehension
Questions1-5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Misersareoftenlonelyandobscuremenwhosewealthisrevealedonlyaftertheirdeath.JosephNollekens,however,wasapopularsculptorwithmanyfriendsandwasknowntopossessalargefortune.Yethelivedthelifeofapauper.
BorninSoho,London,in1737,heworkedinRomerepairingantiquestatues,whichhethensoldasperfect.Headdedtohisincomebysmugglingstockings,gloves,andlaceinsidehollowbusts.Hisappearancewasalwaysragged,andhistablemannerswereappalling.
Nollekensrosetobeoneofthemostadmiredsculptorsofhisday.OnhisreturntoEnglandheproducedbustsofGeorgeIII,WilliamPitt,SamuelJohnson,andtheDukeofWellington.Hisausterityextendedintohisprofessionallife,andhewoulddeliberatelymodelabustwiththeheadlookingovertheshoulder,sothathecouldusepiecesofmarblerejectedbyothersculptorsastoosmall.
Athomehewouldsitinthedark,andifguestscame,hewouldlightasmallfire—andquicklyputitoutwhentheyleft.
WhendiningattheRoyalAcademyhewouldstuffhispocketswithpepperandsaltfromthetable.
MrsNollekenswasjustasstingy.Shekeptherservantsonlowpayandhaggledwithshopkeepersoverthemosttrivialitems.Sheoncetradedinthehandleofanoldmopwhenbuyinganewone.
JosephNollekensdiedin1812.Heleftafortuneof£200,000—about$1million.
1.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthepassage?
A)World-famousSculptors
B)TheLifeofaWell-knownSculptor
C)JosephNollekens,thePopularMiser
D)AllMisersAretheSame
1.C)本文描写JosephNollekens人虽吝啬却是个admiredsculptor,故popularmiser是个较贴切的标题。
2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutJosephNollekens?
A)Hewasverystingy.
B)Hisappearancewasalwaysragged.
C)Histablemannersweretolerable.
D)Hewasmuchadmiredduringhistime.
2.C)第二段最后一句明确指出"histablemannerswereappalling"。
3.Fromthepassage,weknowthatJosephNollekenshadusedhollowbusts_____.
A)tostorealargefortuneafterhebecamerich
B)tohidethingswhenhewasdoingillegalbusiness
C)tocontainpepperandsaltthathehadstolen
D)tolethiswifekeeptrivialitems
3.B)见第二段第二句“smuggling…insidehollowbusts”。
“smuggling”一词隐含illegalbusiness之意。
4.Inthethirdparagraph,theword"austerity"hasameaningclosestto_____.
A)"authority"
B)"stinginess"
C)"generosity"
D)"cleverness"
4.B)“austerity”根据上下文可推断出此词最接近“stinginese”的词意。
5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
A)Thoughrich,JosephNollekenslivedalongmiserablelife.
B)JosephNollekenswouldproduceabustwiththeheadlookingovertheshoulderinordertomakefulluseofsmallpiecesofmarble.
C)MrsNollekenswouldbargainwithshopkeepersoververysmallarticles.
D)InEngland,JosephNollekenshadsculpturedbustsforallthefamouspeopleofhistime.
5.D)第三段中提及“heproducedbustsofGeorgeIII,WilliamPitt…”这些都是历史上的人物,并非Nollekens的同代人。
Questions6-10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
(Words:
)
"Arollingstonegathersnomoss,"butthereisonelivinganimalthatdoesgathermoss—thethree-toedslothofSouthAmerica.Thisslowest-movingmemberoftheanimalkingdomissoinactivethatmossactuallygathersonitsbodyandturnsitgreen—strangeasitseems!
Mostofthesloth'slifeisspentmotionless,hangingupsidedownfromalimb.Andthatisthewayitshairgrows.Longandcoarse,thestrandsfromreceptaclesforthedampjunglealgaewhichturnthebrownfuramossygreen.Actuallythismosshelpstheanimalsurvivebecauseitservesasaperfectcamouflageagainsttheleafytreesandhidestheslothfromthejungle'sswift-movinghunters.Theslothwouldhavelittlechanceofsurvivalontheground.Withlong,curvedclawshookedoverthelimbofaleafytree,itspendsthelonghothoursduringthedaydrowsingandeating.Inchbyinch,itstripstheleafylimbsbareandcrawlsslowlydownthetrunktofindanewdiningspot,butonlyatnight.
Inadditiontolookingratherlikeavegetable,theslothisastrictvegetarian.Runningoutofitsfavoriteleafisabouttheonlythingthatwillmakeaslothmove.Thenitsappetitemayevenforcetheanimalintoswimmingastreamtoreachajuicysucculent.Itwillalsoforceitintofightingtokeepthetreealltoitself.Theslothislazyandpreferstobealone,butitwilltolerateitsownrelatives!
6.Asuitabletitleforthispassagemightbe_____.
A)WildAnimals
B)AnimalKingdom
C)MossGrowth
D)TheLazyAnimal
6.D)本文主要讲述sloth这一动物的懒惰特性,故D)项最合适。
7.Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassageis_____.
A)tohelpchildrentogainabetterunderstandingofanimallife
B)toprovethatthesaying"arollingstonegathersnomoss"iswrong
C)tointroduceaparticularanimaltothecommonreader
D)todiscusswithprofessionalsthelazinessofsomeanimals
7.C)本文是对sloth生活习性的一般性介绍,文字通俗易懂,能为大多数读者所接受。
8.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutthesloth?
A)Theslothdoesnoteatanymeat.
B)Formostofitstime,theslothremainsmotionlessontheground.
C)Tosomeextent,theslothisprotectedbythemossgrowingonitsbody.
D)Theslothhasabrownfurofitsown.
8.B)由第二段“mostofthesloth'slifespentmotionless,hangingupsidedownfromalimb","Theslothwouldhavelittlechanceofsurvivalontheground"等语句可得出B)项notrue.
9.Accordingtothepassage,theslothwillmoveaboutwhen_____.
A)itsensesacomingdanger
B)itisforcedtoswiminahotday
C)itisshortofitsfavoritefood
D)itwantstokeepitselftoitself
9.C)第三段第二句即为此意:
“Runningoutofitsfavoriteleafisabouttheonlythingthatwillmakeaslothmove"。
10.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedorimpliedbytheauthor?
A)Theslothhasonlythreetoes.
B)TheslothlivesinthedampjungleofSouthAmerica.
C)Theslothusuallytriestofindanewspotforfoodatnight.
D)Theslothwillneverfightwithotheranimals.
10.D)第一段第一句提及“thethree-toedsloth”(A);第二段第二句提到“thedampjungle”(B);第二段最后一句述及“…findanewdiningspot,butonlyatnight”(C);只有D)项未提及。
Questions11-15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
(Words:
)
Asubjectwhichseemstohavebeeninsufficientlystudiedbydoctorsandpsychologistsistheinfluenceofgeographyandclimateonthepsychologicalandphysicalhealthofmankind.Thereseemsnodoubtthatthegeneralcharacterofthelandscape,therelativelengthofdayandnight,andtheclimatemustallplayabigpartindeterminingwhatkindofpeopleweare.
Itistruethatafewstudieshavebeenmade.Wherealltheinhabitantsofaparticularareaenjoyexceptionallygoodorbadhealth,scientistshaveidentifiedcontributoryfactorssuchasthepresenceorabsenceofsubstanceslikeiodine,fluoride,calcium,orironinthewatersupply,orperhapstypesoflandthatprovidebreedingplacesforpestslikemosquitoesorrats.
Moreover,wecanallgeneralizeabouttypesofpeoplewehavemet.Thoselivingincountries
withlongdarkwintersareapttobelesstalkativeandlessvivaciousthaninhabitantsofcountrieswheretheclimateismoreequable.Andwheretheoliveandtheorangegrow,theretheinhabitantsarecheerful,talkative,andspontaneous.
Butthesecommonplacegeneralizationsareinadequate:
theinfluenceofclimateandgeographyshouldbestudiedindepth.Doallmountaindwellerslivetoaripeoldage?
Doesthedrinkingofwine,ratherthanbeer,resultinasunnyandopentemperament?
IsthestrengthandheightofoneoftheKenyantribesduetotheirhabitualdrinkingofthebloodofcows?
Wearenotyetsureoftheanswerstosuchquestions,butletushopethatsomethingofbenefittomankindmayeventuallyresultfromsuchstudies.
11._____mightserveasasuitabletitleforthisselection.
A)TheImportanceofGeographicalEnvironment
B)TheInfluenceofGeographicalEnvironmentonMan
C)GeneralizationofTypesofPeople
D)GeographicalEnvironment,aMysteriousSubject
11.B)本文首句是主题句,即说明此点:
作者认为有必要在“地理环境对人类的影响”方面作进一步的研究。
12.Usingcontextclueswemayinferthat"iodine,fluorideandcalcium"are_____.
A)substanceswhichactpositivelyornegativelyonman'shealth
B)harmfulsubstancesinthewatersupply
C)substanceswhichhelpprovidebreedingplacesforpests
D)substancescontributorytogoodhealth
12.A)第二段第二句指出如具有或缺少这些物质可能会影响到人类健康的好坏。
13.Wemayinferfromthethirdparagraphthatgeographyandclimateplayanimportantroleindeterminingtheinhabitants'_____.
A)healthcondition
B)personality
C)life-span
D)alloftheabove
13.B)第三段中“talkative”、“vivacious”、“cheerful”、“spontaneous”都是些描写个性(personality)的词。
14.Accordingtotheauthor,researchintotheinfluenceofgeographyandclimateshould
A)focusonsomeunknownaspects
B)bepursuedonalargerscale
C)becarriedoutwithinalargerscope
D)gomuchdeeper
14.D)第四段第一句“shouldbestudiedindepth”即为D)项的意思。
15.Theauthorhopesthatstudiesontheinfluenceofgeographicalenvironmentwillenableusto
A)generalizebetterabouttypesofpeople
B)findbetterwatersupplies
C)gainaninsightintoitsinfluenceonmankind
D)livetoaripeoldage
15.C)从本文的最后一句可以得出C)项的结论。
Questions16-20arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
(Words:
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Astudyofarthistorymightbeagoodwaytolearnmoreaboutaculturethanispossibletolearningeneralhistoryclasses.Mosttypicalhistorycoursesconcentrateonpolitics,economics,andwar.Butarthistoryfocusesonmuchmorethanthisbecauseartreflectsnotonlythepoliticalvaluesofapeople,butalsoreligiousbeliefs,emotions,andpsychology.Inaddition,informationaboutthedailyactivitiesofourancestors—orofpeoplevery
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