英语六级阅读真题与答案第1套选词填空.docx
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英语六级阅读真题与答案第1套选词填空.docx
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英语六级阅读真题与答案第1套选词填空
2017年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案
第1套选词填空
AfterbecomingpresidentofPurdueUniversityin2013,MitchDanielsaskedthefacultytoprovethat
theirstudentshaveactuallyachieved
oneofhighereducation
’smostimportantgoals:
criticalthinkingskills.Twoyearsbefore,anationwidestudyofcollegegraduateshadshown
thatmorethanathird
had
made
no
26
gainsinsuchmentalabilities
duringtheirschoolyears.Mr.Danielsneededto__27__thehighcostofattendingPurduetoitsstudentsandtheirfamilies.After
all,
the
percentageofAmericanswhosayacollegedegreeis"veryimportant"hasfallen
28
inthelast5-6years.
Purduenowhasapilottesttoassessstudents'criticalthinkingskills.Yetlikemanycollege
teachersaroundtheU.S.,thefacultyremain__29__thattheirworkaseducatorscanbe
measured
by
"learning
30
_
"suchasagraduate'sabilitytoinvestigateandreason.However,
theprofessorsneednotworrysomuch.Theresultsofarecentexperiment
showed
that
professors
can
use
__31__metricstomeasurehowwellstudentsdointhreekeyareas:
criticalthinking,writtencommunication,andquantitativeliteracy.
Despitethesuccessoftheexperiment,theactualresultsareworrisome,andmostly__32__earlierstudies.Theorganizersoftheexperiment
concludedthatfarfewerstudentswereachievinghighlevelsoncriticalthinkingthantheyweredoingforwrittencommunicationor
quantitativeliteracy.Andthatconclusionisbasedonlyonstudentsnearinggraduation.
Americanuniversities,despitetheirglobal33__forexcellenceinteaching,haveonly
beguntodemonstratewhattheycanproduceinreal-worldlearning.Knowledge-baseddegreesarestillimportant,butemployersare
stillimportant,butemployersare__34__advancedthinkingskillsfromcollegegraduates.Iftheintellectualworthofacollegedegreecan
be__35__measured,morepeoplewillseekhighereducation—andcomeoutbetterthinkers.
A.accuratelyB.confirmC.demandingD.doubtfulE.drasticallyF.justify
G.monopolizedH.outcomeI.predominanceJ.presumingK.reputationL.significant
M.signifyN.simultaneouslyO.standardized
答案:
(26)L.significant
(27)F.justify
(28)E.drastically
(29)D.doubtful
(30)H.outcome
(31)O.standardized
(32)B.confirm
(33)K.reputation
(34)C.demanding
(35)A.accurately
2017年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案
第1套仔细阅读
2篇
Opendatasharersarestillintheminorityinmanyfields.Althoughmanyresearchersbroadly
agreethatpublicaccesstorawdatawouldacceleratescience,mostarereluctanttoposttheresultsoftheirownlaborsonline.
Somecommunitieshaveagreedtoshareonline—geneticists,forexample,postDNAsequence
sattheGenBankrepository(库),andastronomersareaccustomedtoaccessingimagesof
galaxiesandstarsfrom,say,theSloanDigitalSkySurvey,atelescopethathasobservedsome500millionobjects—buttheseremaintheexcepti
on,nottherule.Historically,scientistshaveobjectedtosharingformanyreasons:
itisalotofwork;untilrecently,gooddatabasesdidnot
exist;grantfunderswerenotpushingforsharing;ithasbeendifficulttoagreeonstandards
forformattingdata;andthereisnoagreedwaytoassigncreditfordata.
Butthebarriersaredisappearing,inpartbecausejournalsandfundingagenciesworldwideareencouragingscientiststomaketheirdatapublic.Lastyear,theRoyalSocietyinLondonsaidin
itsreportthatscientistsneedto"shiftawayfromaresearchculturewheredataisviewedasaprivatepreserve".Fundingagenciesnotethatdatapaidforwithpublicmoneyshouldbepublicinformation,andthescientificcommunityisrecognizingthatdatacannowbeshareddigitallyinwaysthatwerenotpossiblebefore.Tomatchthegrowingdemand,servicesarespringingup
tomakeiteasiertopublishresearchproductsonlineandenableotherresearcherstodiscoverandcitethem.
Althoughcallstosharedataoftenconcentrateonthemoraladvantagesofsharing,thepracticeisnotpurelyaltruistic(利他
的).Researcherswhosharegetplentyofpersonalbenefits,includingmoreconnectionswithcolleagues,improvedvisibilityandincreasedcitatio
ns.Themostsuccessfulsharers—thosewhosedataaredownloadedandcitedthemostoften---get
noticed,andtheirworkgetsused.Forexample,oneofthemostpopulardatasetsonmultidisciplinaryrepositoryDryadisaboutwooddensityaroundtheworld;ithasbeen
downloaded5,700times.Co-authorAmyZannethinksthatusersprobablyrangefromclimate-changeresearcherswantingtoestimatehowmuc
hcarbonisstoredinbiomass,toforesterslookingforinformationondifferentgradesoftimber."I'dmuchprefertohavemydatausedbythemaximumnumberofpeopletoasktheirownquestions,"shesays."It'simportanttoallow
readersandreviewerstoseeexactlyhowyouarriveatyourresults.Publishingdataandcodeallowsyoursciencetobereproducible."Evenpeoplewhosedataarelesspopularcanbenefit.Bymakingtheefforttoorganizeand
labelfilessootherscanunderstandthem,scientistsbecomemoreorganizedandbetterdisciplinedthemselves,thusavoidingconfusionlateron.
46.Whatdomanyresearchersgenerallyaccept?
A.Itisimperativetoprotectscientists'patents.
B.Repositoriesareessentialtoscientificresearch.
C.Opendatasharingismostimportanttomedicalscience.
D.Opendatasharingisconducivetoscientificadvancement.
47.Whatistheattitudeofmostresearcherstowardsmakingtheirowndatapublic?
A.Opposed.
B.Ambiguous.C.Liberal.
D.Neutral.
48.Accordingtothepassage,whatmighthinderopendatasharing?
49.Whathelpsliftsomeofthebarrierstoopendatasharing?
A.Theever-growingdemandforbigdata.
B.Theadvancementofdigitaltechnology.
C.Thechangingattitudeofjournalsandfunders.D.Thetrendofsocialandeconomicdevelopment.
50.Dryadservesasanexampletoshowhowopendatasharing________.A.isbecomingincreasinglypopular
B.benefitssharersandusersalikeC.makesresearcherssuccessfulD.savesbothmoneyandlabor
PassageTwo
Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Macy'sreporteditssalesplunged5.2%inNovemberandDecemberatstoresopenmorethanayear,adisappointingholidayseasonperformancethatcappedadifficultyearforadepartmentstorechainfacingwide-rangingchallenges.ItsflagshipstoresinmajorU.S.citiesdependheavilyoninternationaltouristspending,whichshrankatmanyretailersduetoastrongdollar.Meanwhile,Macy'shassimplystruggled
tolureconsumerswhoaremoreinterestedinspendingontravelordiningoutthanonnewclothesoraccessories.
ThecompanyblamedmuchofthepoorperformanceinNovemberandDecemberonunseasonablywarmweather."About80%ofourcompany'syear-over-yeardeclinesincomparablesalescanbeattributedtoshortfalls(短缺)incold-weathergoods,"saidchiefexecutiveTenyLundgreninapressrelease.Thispromptedthecompanytocutitsforecastsforthefullfourthquarter.
However,it'sclearthatMacy'sbelievesitstroublesrundeeperthanatemporaryaberration(偏离)offthethermometer.Theretailgiantsaidthepoorfinancialperformancethisyearhaspushedittobeginimplementing$400millionincost-cuttingmeasures.Thecompanypledgedtocut600back-officepositions,thoughsome150workersinthoseroleswouldbereassignedtootherjobs.Italsoplanstooffer"voluntaryseparation"packagesto165seniorexecutives.Itwillslashstaffingatitsfleetof770stores,amoveaffectingsome3,000employees.
Theretaileralsoannouncedthelocationsof36storesitwillcloseinearly2016.Thecompanyhadpreviouslyannouncedtheplannedclosures,buthadnotsaidwhichlocationswouldbeaffected.Noneofthechain'sstoresintheWashingtonmetropolitanareaaretobeclosed.
Macy'shasbeenmovingaggressivelytotrytoremakeitselfforaneweraofshopping.IthasplanstoopenmorelocationsofMacy'sBackstage,anewly-developedoff-priceconceptwhichmighthelpitbettercompetewithambitiousT.J.Maxx.It'salsopushingaheadin2016withanexpansionofBluemercury,thebeautychainitboughtlastyear.AtatimewhenyoungbeautyshoppersareoftenturningtoSephoraorUltainsteadofdepartmentstorebeautycounters,Macy'shopesBluemercurywillhelpstrengthenitspositioninthecategory.
OnerelativebrightspotforMacy'sduringtheholidayseasonwastheonlinechannel,whereitrangup"double-digit"increasesinsalesand
a25%increaseinthenumberofordersitfilled.Thatrelativestrengthwouldbeconsistentwithwhatwasseeninthewilderretailindustry
duringtheearlypartoftheholidayseason.WhileThanksgiving,BlackFridayandCyberMondayallsawrecordspendingonline,in-storesales
plungedovertheholidayweekend.
51.WhatdoestheauthorsayabouttheshrinkingspendingofinternationaltouristsintheU.S.?
A.ItisattributabletotherisingvalueoftheU.S.dollar.
B.Itisadirectresultoftheglobaleconomicrecession.
C.Itreflectsashiftoftheirinterestinconsumergoods.
D.ItposesapotentialthreattotheretailbusinessintheU.S.
52.WhatdoesMacy'sbelieveaboutitsproblems?
A.Theycanbesolvedwithbettermanagement.B.Theycannotbeattributedtoweatheronly.
C.Theyarenotasseriousinitsonlinestores.D.Theycallforincreasedinvestments.
53.Inordertocutcosts,Macy'sdecidedto________.
54.WhydoesMacy'splantoexpandBluemercuryin2016?
A.Toexperimentonitsnewbusinessconcept.
B.Tofocusmoreonbeautyproductsthanclothing.C.Topromotesalesofitsproductsbyloweringprices.D.Tobemorecompetitiveinsalesofbeautypro
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