福建高职招考英语模拟试题科普知识类阅读.docx
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福建高职招考英语模拟试题科普知识类阅读.docx
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福建高职招考英语模拟试题科普知识类阅读
2016年福建高职招考英语模拟试题:
科普知识类阅读
【试题内容来自于相关网站和学校提供】
1:
[1]Imagineamagicalforestwherethetreestouchthesky.Duetoenoughrainfall,thetreesgrowhugeandspreadwide.Theirtallestbranchesaresothick-leafedthattheycreateathickcurtain.Eventhewinddoesnotfindenoughspacetoblowasitpleases.Theclimateisgoodforlifeformsofallkinds-fromtreestoanimals,birdsandinsects.
[2]Theseforestsarecalledtropicalrainforests.Mostofthemarelocatedneartheequator,inAsia,AfricaandSouthAmerica.TherainforestoftheAmazonbasininSouthAmericaisoneofthelushest(茂盛的)rainforestsintheworld.Youwillfindmorevarietiesoftreesoranimallifeherethananywhereelseintheworld.
[3]Thetropicalrainforestsarecalledthegreenlungsoftheplanet.Theyabsorbcarbondioxidefromaroundthemtoprocesstheirfoodandreleaseoxygenintotheair.Theyalsocontainthelargestnumberoftreeswithmedicinalvalue.
[4]Butnowhumanbeingsareoutto .Manycompaniesallovertheworld,especiallyintheWest,havebeenattackingtheserainforestsforavarietyofreasons–somewanttomakeprofitbycuttingdowntreesandsellingtimber(木材);othersaretryingtobetheonlyonestomakeprofitoutofmedicinalplants.
[5]Totheoutsideworld,therainforesthasalwaysseemedaverydangerousplace.Generationsoffilmsandliteraturehaveshownthepeoplewholiveintherainforestsasdangerousandviolentpeoplewhohaveastrangewayoflife.
[6]Butactually,thesepeoplehaveabetterunderstandingoftheirrelationshipwiththeirenvironmentthanmodernmanhas.Greedforprofitbydestroyingtheplanet’sresourcesisauniquequalityofsocietiesthathavebecomemodernandusetechnology.Oneshouldthenask,whoismoreviolent?
【小题1】Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
(nomorethan5words)
______________________________________________________________
【小题2】Completethefollowingstatementwithproperwords.(nomorethan4words)
Nowhereonearth asmuchwildlifeasintherainforest.
【小题3】FillintheblankinParagraph4withproperwords.(nomorethan5words)
________________________________________________________________
【小题4】Whyarethetropicalrainforestscalledthegreenlungsoftheplanet?
(nomorethan10words)
__________________________________________________________________
【小题5】Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”(line3,paragraph1)probablyreferto?
(nomorethan3words)
2:
阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
【1】TheairwaspleasantandthemusicwasloudinthevastsquareinfrontoftheNewYorkStateofficebuildinginHarlem(哈莱姆,美国纽约市黑人居住区)ashealthadvocates(支持者,提倡者)setupinformationtablesforHarlemwellnessWeek.Itwasawide-rangingefforttoeducatepeopleaboutnon-communicablediseases:
Heartdisease,cancer,lungdisease,obesity,andsoon.
【2】Thereisaneconomiceffectcausedbythesediseases,especiallyinHarlem,oneofthecity’spoorestdistricts.Withouthealthyemployeesandhealthycustomers,youcannothavehealthybusiness,saysPatriciaRickettsoftheGreaterHarlemChamberofCommerce,whichsponsorsWellnessWeek.
【3】Dr.JoIvyBouffordispresidentoftheNewYorkAcademyofMedicine,aWellnessWeekpartner.Shesayseducationaboutbetternutritionisimportant,butthatpeoplewithlowincomesoftenlackthemeanstoputwhattheyknowintopractice.Butthereishope.NewYorkisveryactiveinadovatinggood,effectivepublichealthpolicies.“NewYorkCityhasbannedsmokinginpublicplaces,bothindoorsandoutdoors.Thatisafantasticexampleofwhatcanbedone,withouthavinganyimpactontheeconomy.Itisacitywhereyouhavebikepaths.Thatisagoodmessagefortheworld,becausebikesmakeyourtransportactive.Thatisgoodforyourhealthandlowersairpollution,”shesaid.
【4】“Itisnotenoughtofocusonthemanagementofdiseasethroughmedication,”Dr.Bouffordsays.“That’swhyhealthadvocateswillbetryingtopersuadeUNofficialsduringWellnessWeektopassresolutionsthatdealwithroadandtransportdesignandconstructionandotherpotentialcausesofnon-communicablediseases.”
【小题1】Whatisthemainideaofthetext?
(nomorethan8words)
【小题2】CompletethefollowingstatementwithwordsfromParagraph【4】.(nomorethan3words)_______________themanagementofdiseasethroughmedicationisnotenough.
【小题3】Whatnoninfectiousdiseasesarementionedinthetext?
(nomorethan6words)
【小题4】whynot?
(nomorethan16words)
【小题5】Whatdoestheword“That”(paragraph3)referto?
(nomorethan4words)
3:
Do’sandDon’tsinWhale(鲸)Watching
TheDepartmentof FisheriesandOceanshasdevelopedguidelinesforwhalewatchinginJohnstoneStrait,wherekillerwhalesarefoundonadailybasiseachsummer。
Itisstronglyrecommendedthatvessel(船只)operatorsfollowtheseguidelinesforallkindsofwhales。
Approachwhalesfromtheside,notfromthefrontortheback。
Approachnocloserthan100meters,thenstoptheboatbutkeeptheengineon。
Keepnoiselevelsdown—nohorns,whistlesorracingofengines。
Startyourboatonlyafterthewhalesaremorethan100metersfromyourvessel。
Leavetheareaslowly,graduallymovingfasterwhenyouaremorethan300metersfromthewhales。
Approachandleaveslowly,avoidingsuddenchangesinspeedordirection。
Avoiddisturbinggroupsofrestingwhales。
Keepatlowspeedsandremaininthesamedirectioniftravellingsidebysidewithwhales。
Whenwhalesaretravellingclosetoshore,avoidcrowdingthemneartheshoreorcomingbetweenthewhalesandtheshore。
Limitthetimespentwithanygroupofwhalestolessthan30minutesatatimewhenwithin100to200metersofwhales。
Ifthereismorethanonevesselatthesameobservationspot,besuretoavoidanyboatpositionthatwouldresultinsurroundingthewhales。
Worktogetherbycommunicatingwithothervessels,andmakesurethatalloperatorsareawareofthewhalewatchingguidelines。
【小题1】Forwhomisthistextwritten?
【小题2】Whenleavingtheobservationareas,thevesselshould_____。
【小题3】Whengoingsidebysidewithwhales,thevesselshould 。
【小题4】Whatistheshortestsafedistancefromthewhales?
A、Tourguides。
B、Whalewatchers。
C、Vesseloperators。
D、Governmentofficials。
A、moveclosetothebeach
B、increasespeedgradually
4:
Domestic(驯养的)horsesnowpullploughs,raceintheKentuckyDerby,andcarrypolice.Butearlyhorsesweren’ttame(驯服的)enoughtoperformthesekindsoftasks.Scientiststhinkthefirstinteractionshumanshadwithhorseswerefardifferentfromthosetoday.
Thousandsofyearsago,peoplekilledthewildhorsesthatlivedaroundthemforfood.Overtime,peoplebegantocatchtheanimalsandraisethem.Thiswasthefirststepindomestication.
Aspeoplebegantotameandridehorses,theychosetokeepthoseanimalsthathadmoredesirablecharacteristics.Forexample,peoplemayhavechosentokeephorsesthathadagentlepersonalitysotheycouldberiddenmoreeasily.Peoplewhousedhorsestopullheavyloadswouldhavechosentokeepstrongeranimals.Characteristicslikestrengtharepartlycontrolledbytheanimals’genes.Soasthedomesticatedhorsesreproduced,theypassedthecharacteristicsontotheiryoung.Eachnewgenerationofhorseswouldshowmoreofthesechosencharacteristics.
Modern-dayhorsebreeds(种类)comeinawidevarietyofshapesandsizes.Thisvarietydidn’texistinthehorsepopulationbeforedomestication.TheShetlandhorseisoneofthesmallestbreeds—typicallyreachingonlyonemetertall.Withshort,stronglegs,theanimalswerebredtopullcoaloutofmineshafts(矿井)withlowceilings.HugehorsesliketheClydesdalecameonthescenearound1700.Peoplebredtheseheavy,tallhorsestopulllargevehiclesusedforcarryingheavyloads.
Thedomesticationofhorseshashadgreateffectsonsocieties.Forexample,horseswereimportanttoolsintheadvancementofmodernagriculture.Usingthemtopullploughsandcarryheavyloadsallowedpeopletofarmmoreefficiently.Beforetheywereabletoridehorses,humanshadtocrosslandonfoot.Ridinghorsesallowedpeopletotravelfargreaterdistanceinmuchlesstime.Thatencouragedpopulationslivingindifferentareastointeractwithoneanother.Thenewformofrapidtransportationhelpedculturesspreadaroundtheworld.
【小题1】Beforedomesticationhorseswere______.【小题2】TheauthorusestheShetlandhorseasanexampletoshow______.【小题3】Horsescontributedtothespreadofcultureby______.【小题4】Thepassageismainlyabout_______.
A、caughtforsports
B、huntedforfood
C、madetopullploughs
D、usedtocarrypeople
A、itissmallerthantheClydesdalehorse
B、horsesusedtohavegentlepersonalities
5:
阅读短文,根据所读内容,在下表中的空格处填上适当的单词或短语,每空不超过3个单词。
Cloninghascausedmuchdebate..Ontheonehand,somescientiststhinkvaluabletissuesandorganscanbeusedtosavehumanlives.Ontheotherhand,somefearthatmankindmayproduceamonster.
Carter:
Ibelievethathumancloningistotallyimmoral.Ifweinterferewithnature,wewillhavetodealwiththecons
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