Great minds 第二个学案.docx
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Great minds 第二个学案.docx
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Greatminds第二个学案
S1BUnit2
TwoGeniuses
AlbertEinsteinwasaveryfamousscientistinthetwentiethcentury.Readthislegendabouthiminamagazinearticle.
1,genius:
n.天才,天才人物[pl.]geniuses
Testsshowedthattheboyisagenius.
BachandMozartweremusicalgeniuses.
haveageniusforsth./doingsth.有做某事的天才,才能。
Shemusthaveageniusforlearninglanguages,forshecanspeakseveralforeignlanguages.
2,scientist-science-scientific
ManypeopleregardAlbertEinstein(1879-1955)asagenius.Hisattempttoexplaintheworkingoftheuniverseledtothedevelopmentofnuclearenergy.
(1)regard:
vt.看待,当作,重视,尊敬
regard…as…把……视为……例如:
HeisgenerallyregardedasoneofthebestbasketballplayersintheNBA.
regardn.关心,注意,尊敬,尊重,致意,问候。
=respect
regardsn.问候=bestwishes
Givemybestregardstoyourfamily.
【相关词组】regardsb/sthassth认为某人/某物是…
相似词组:
thinkof…as…lookon/upon…as…treat…as…consider…(as)…
haveregardto顾到/注意have/showregardfor顾及/考虑/尊重
pay(no)regardto(没)注意到/(不)重视inregardto/of关于/对于
(2)attemptn.努力,尝试,企图
Hefailedinhisattemptatwinning(towin)firstprize.
makeanattempttodosth
Hemadeanattempttolearntoski.
vt.尝试,企图attemptadifficultproblem
Theprisonerattemptedanescapebutfailed.囚犯们试图越狱但失败了。
TheyattemptedtoclimbMt.Everest.他们试图攀登埃佛勒斯山。
(3)universe:
n.宇宙
Godmadetheuniverseinsevendays.
Universal:
adj.全体的,广泛的,全世界的
It’sauniversalagreementthattheEarthmovesaroundtheSun.
I’mlookingforwardtoauniversaltravel.
(4)leadto:
通向,导致,引起
Goalongtheroadleadingtothetemple.
Heartfailureledtohisfather’sdeath.
Einsteinusedtosaythattheonlygifthehadwascuriosity,butthisstoryabouthimshowsthathealsohadasenseofhumor.
1.gift:
n.礼物,天赋
Mozarthasamusicalgift.=Mozarthasagiftformusic.
Giftedadj.有天赋的=talented
Heisagiftedboy.
2.curiosityn.好奇心arousecuriosity引起好奇心
Therearesomewhoshowgreatcuriosityaboutotherpeople’saffair.
curiousadj.Becuriousaboutsth对……好奇
Childrenarecuriousabouteverythingaroundthem.
I’mcurioustoknowwhatiswritteninhisletter.
3.sense:
n.感觉,知觉
Don’tbesoserious.Don’tyouhavesenseofhumor.
Asenseoftouch/sight/hearing/taste/smell
Thesixthsensecommonsense常识thesenseofduty责任感
Makesense=haveaclearmeaning有意义,讲得通
Thesentencedoesn’tmakeanysensetome.这句话对我来说没有意义。
Doestheconversationmakeanysensetoyou?
你听懂这个对话了吗?
4.humor:
幽默,诙谐
Aplaywithnohumorinit没有幽默成分的剧本
humorousadj.幽默的,风趣的
humorlessadj.缺乏幽默感的,一本正经的
Asayoungmanwithagrowingreputation,Einsteinreceivedmanyinvitationstogotouniversitiestoexplainhistheoriesatdifferentuniversities.Onthesetripshisdriverwasalwaysthesame—amancalledHans.Hansoftensaidtohim,'It'sapleasuretodriveageniuslikeyou,DrEinstein.”
1.growingadj.不断增长的increasing
作为一名声名鹊起的年轻人,爱因斯坦接到许多邀请,要他到各种各样的大学里去阐述他的理论。
句中withagrowingreputation是一个介词短语,作youngman的定语。
growing是现在分词作reputation的定语,意为“正在增长着的名声”。
agrowingreputation是介词with的宾语。
withagrowingreputation也可以用whoenjoysagrowingreputation这一定语从句来表示。
在英语中,主从复合句中的从句可以用短语形式来代替。
例如:
Thegirlwithlonghairdanceswonderfully.可说成:
Thegirlwhoiswithlonghairdanceswonderfully.
句子中toexplainhistheoriesatdifferentuniversities是一个动词不定式短语,作后置定语来进一步对名词invitation作解释。
2.reputationn.名声;名誉
Heiscarelessofhisreputation.
Iknowyoubyreputation.久闻大名。
【同根词】repute/re’pju:
t/vt.被公认为
HeisreputedasthebestdoctorinBeijing.他被公认为北京最好的医生。
3.theoryn.理论
【同根词】theoreticaladj.理论的;理论上的theoreticallyadv.理论上地
Theprojectsoundsperfectintheory.
Thisbookistootheoretical;Ineedapracticalguide.
Oneevening,ontheirwaytoadistantuniversity,Einsteinsaid'IwishIdidn'thavetogivemylecturetonight,Hans.I'msotired,butIdon’twanttoletmyaudiencedown.
1.distantadj.遥远的,远处的
Thevisitorscamefromadistantplace.
【同根词】distancen.距离
Thevisitorscamefromaverydistantplace.
Agoodcyclistcancoverdistancesofoverahundredmilesaday.
2.let…down让……失望=disappoint
Yourlastpaperwaspoor.Ihopeyouwon’tletmedownthistime.
Don’tworry,Iwon’tletyoudown.=Don’tworry.Iwon’tdisappointyou.
3.audience(见unit1readingpart)
4.IwishIdidn’thavetogivemylecturetonight.
wish用来表示不太可能实现的愿望,后面的宾语从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。
表示与现在事实相反的愿望,动词用过去时,be动词用were。
与过去愿望相反,与动词用过去完成时;与将来愿望相反,用could/would/should+动词原形。
“Youdon'tneedtogivethelecture.”saidHans.'Icangiveitforyou.I'velistenedtoyourlecturesomanytimesthatI’velearntitbyheart.Nooneknowsyouatthisuniversity,sotheywon’tfindout.”
1.复习so…that句型,此处so可不可以改为such
2.learn…byheart记住,背下
Pleaselearnthetextbyheart.
EinsteinagreedwithHans,sotheychangedplaces.Attheuniversity,Hanswasguidedtoaplatform,wherehestoodsurroundedbyprofessorsandstudents.Einsteintookaseatintheaudience,listenedtoHansgivehislectureperfectly,andjoinedintheapplauseattheend.
1.agreewithsb同意某人,与某人意见一致
Agreeonsth对……取得一致意见
Youandyourspousedon’thavetoagreeonpolitics.
Agreewithsth同意,与……一致
Yourstoryagreedwithfacts./theyfinallyagreewithmyargument.
Agreeto支持,接受(想法,计划,条件等)
Iagreetothearrangement.
2.guidev.指引,带领n.Guidance指引
3.platformn.台,讲台,月台,平台
4.hestoodsurroundedbyprofessorsandstudents
Surroundedbyprofessorsandstudents在这里作伴随状语修饰stood
Thesecretaryworkedallnightlong,alongspeechforthepresident.
A,toprepareB,preparingC,preparedD,waspreparing
5.took,listenedto,joinin在句中作并列谓语
6.applausen.鼓掌,掌声v.Applaud
However,beforeHanslefttheplatform,aprofessorshoutedfromtheaudience,“I’dliketoaskyouadifficultquestion.”HethenaskedaquestionsocomplexthatHanshadnoideawhathewastalkingabout.
画线句子等于HethenaskedsocomplexquestionthatHanshadnoideawhathewastalkingabout.
Einsteinthought,“Ohno!
Nowwe’reintrouble.”ButHansjustlaughedandsaid,“That’snotadifficultquestion.Infact,it’ssoeasythatevenmydriverknowshowtoanswerit.Hans,please…”
Einsteinstoodupandansweredthequestionperfectly.
Theylefttheuniversity,withEinsteindriving.Alittlelater,Hansofferedtodrive.“No,myfriend,”saidEinstein.“It’sapleasuretodriveageniuslikeyou,Hans.”
1.offer:
v.提供
①offersb.SthThemanofferedhimsomeadvice.
②offertodoHeofferedtohelpMarywhenshehadaproblem.
2.with的复合结构
with+宾语+宾语补足语,构成with复合结构,宾语可以是名词或是代词,宾语补足语可以是介词短语、过去分词、现在分词、形容词、动词不定式、副词。
且with后面的宾语与其后的宾语补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系。
1)With+宾语+介词短语
Hewasasleepwithhisheadonhisarms.
2)with+宾语+过去分词(宾语与宾补之间是被动关系)
Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked.
Helayinbedwithhisheadcovered.
3)with+宾语+现在分词(宾语与宾补之间是主动关系)
Withwintercomingon,it'stimetobuywarmclothes.
4)with+宾语+todo(不定式做宾补有“将来”的含义)
Ican'tgooutwithallthesedishestowash.
5)with+宾语+形容词/副词
WithJohnaway,we'vegotmoreroom.
Andersonwaslyingonthebedwithallhisclotheson.
3.with复合结构的作用
with复合结构在句子中作状语,表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等。
1)Wesatonthedrygrasswithourbackstothewall.(作伴随状语)
2)Shecouldnotleavewithherpainfuldutyunfulfilled.(作原因状语)
3)Helayinbedwithhisheadcovered.(作方式状语)
4)Jacksoonfellasleepwiththelightstillburning.(作伴随状语)
5)Iwon'tbeabletogoonholidaywithmymotherbeingill.(作原因状语)
6)Hesatwithhisarmsclaspedaroundhisknees.(作方式状语)
注:
with复合结构在句子中还可以作定语,阅读下面的句子。
1)TherewasaletterforLannywithaSwissstamponit.(作定语修饰letter)
2)Itwasavaststretchofcountrywithcitiesinthedistance.(作定语修饰astretchofcountry)
练习
1.Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork_______,hegladlyacceptedit.
A.finishedB.finishingC.havingfinishedD.wasfinished
2.Nowthatwe’vediscussedourproblem,arepeoplehappywiththedecisions________?
A.takingB.takeC.takenD.totake
3.Youhavenoideahowshefinishedtherelayrace_______herfootwoundedsomuch.
A.forB.whenC.withD.while
4.----Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.
----Sorry.Withsomuchwork_______mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.
A.filledB.fillingC.tofillD.beingfilled
5.Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork______,hegladlyacceptedit.
A.finishedB.finishingC.havingfinishedD.wasfinished
6.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise_______.
A.goingonB.goesonC.wentonD.togoon
7._______andnowaytoreduceherpainandsufferingfromtheterribledisease,thepatientsoughtherdoctor’shelptoendherlife.
A.HavinggivenuphopeofcureB.Withnohopeforcure
C.TherebeinghopeforcureD.Inthehopeofcure
8.________twoexamstoworryabout,Ihavetoworkreallyhardthisweekend.
A.WithB.BesidesC.AsforD/Becauseof
9.Itwasapitythatthegreatwriterdied_______hisworksunfinished.
A.forB.withC.fromD.of
10.______productionupby60%,thecompanyhashadanotherexcellentyear.
A.AsB.ForC.WithD.Through
S1BUnit2Morereading
TheNobelPrize
ReadthisleafletabouttheNoblePrize.
AlfredNobelwasaninventorborninSweden.Whenhediedin1896,heleftalotofmoneyandproperty.ThiswasthenworthaboutninemillionUSdollars,andlaterbecametheoriginalsourceoftheworld-famousNobelPrize.
1.property:
[U]财产
Thefamilyhadlittlepropertyexceptanoldhouse.
2.worthadj.值……的钱
Hernewnecklaceisworth$2,000.
Beworthsth/doingsth值得做某事
Themuseumiscertainlyworthavisit.
Theideaiswellworthconsidering.
n.价值
Thewinnerwillreceivetenpound’sworthofbooks.赢家将获得价值十磅的书籍。
worthyadj.有价值的,应……的,值得的
beworthyofsth/doingsth值得,配得上
Hisbehaviorisworthyo
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