湘少版英语教材知识纲要.docx
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湘少版英语教材知识纲要.docx
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湘少版英语教材知识纲要
湘少版英语教材知识纲要
教材知识纲要
(一)话题、句型、单词
1.字母:
(大小)辨认、书写顺序;元音字母:
Aa,Ee,Ii,Oo,Uu
2.数字:
1~999的基数词和序数词的运用,如计算(4上,100以内计算)、购物(dollar,pound,yuan)、时间、日期等。
句型:
①What'syournumber?
(三下)②What’sthetime?
(三下)③Howmanypensarethere?
(三下)④Howoldareyou?
(三下)
⑤Thssumofforty-sixandfifty-fourisonehundred.(四上)⑥Howmuchistheapple?
(四下)
⑧Whattimedoyougetup?
(五上)⑨When'syourbirthday?
(五下)⑩Whattimedidyouseehim?
(五下)
11.Howtallareyou?
(六上)12.Howheavyareyou?
3.颜色:
单词:
red,pink,yellow,brown,blue,purple,orange,black,white,green.
句型:
①Whatcolouristhisballon?
(三下)②What’syourfavouritecolour?
4.时间:
年、季节、月、星期、日、时刻:
Season:
spring,summer,autumn,winter
Month:
January,February,March,April,May,June,July,August,September,October,November,December.(五下)
Week:
Sunday,Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,Friday,Saturday.
Day:
1stMay(thefirstofMay),May2nd(Maythesecond)
yesterday,today,tomorrow,weekdays(五下)
句型:
见话题2。
Springiswarmandnice.(四下)
5.食品与饮料:
人对食品与饮料的喜好;东西方食品(drink,food,noodles,biscuit,jam,milk,dumplings,rice,bread,egg,colddrink,bun,water,soup,vegetables,sugar,tea,aboxofsweets,softjelly,hardnuts,pie,breakfast,lunch,supper)水果(banana,lemon,orange,mango,pineapple)餐具(chopsticks,bowl,cup)调料(pepper,salt)
句型:
①Thisisn’tmyfood.(三下)②Isthisamango?
(三下)
③Ilikebiscuits.(四上)
④I’dlikeacolddrink.Wouldyoulikesomebuns?
(五上)⑤Doyouwantsomerice?
(五上)⑥Ilikesweets.(五上)
6.服装:
服装的颜色;人对服装的喜好;某人的穿戴(swimmingsuit,coat,trousers,T-shirt,shorts,shirt,jumper,scarf,hat,shoes,glasses);所属关系;位置等。
句型:
①LookattheT-shirts.Ilikethegreenone..(三下)
②Whoseisthis?
Isityourhat?
(四上)③Where’smynewcap?
(四下)
7.物品:
名词的单、复数;特点、颜色、所属关系(mine,yours,his,hers,ours,theirs);存在的位置(in,on,under,beside,behind,infrontof,above,near,inside,outside)。
玩具(toycar,doll,swing,slide)文具(desk,book,bag,pen,pencil,pencil-box,ruler,pencilsharpener,eraser,glue,dictionary)特点(beautiful,dirty,useful,interested,naughty,strong,big,small,thick,thin,soft,hard,cheap,new,old,nice,good,similar,different)形状(triangle,square,)
句型:
①What’sthis?
(三上)
②What’sthat?
(四上)③Whoseisthis?
(四上)④Thisismybrother’spainting.(四上)⑤Thoseareeggs.(四上)⑥Ihaveapuppet.(四下)⑦Where'smynewcap?
(四下)⑧Doyouhaveaticket?
(四下)
⑨That'snotmine.(五下)⑩There’sapolicemannearthepostoffice.(五下)11.Wasitinthewardrobe?
(五下)
12.Ourearthlookslikethisfromspace.(六下)
8.动物和植物:
cow,hen,duck,pig,mouse(mice),cat,dog,fish,sheep,bird,ladybird,seagull,panda,monkey,rabbit,hen,cock,chick,tiger,lion,bull,horn,elephant,puppy,kitten,pet,tree,flower,rose,
句型:
①Lookattheelephant.(四上)It’sacow.
9.建筑与场所:
factory,hospital,park,garden,house,library,museum,office,farm,postoffice,bank,policestation,railwaystation,bookstore,school,classroom,skatingrink,café,beach,exit,garden,shoppingcentre,corner,street,road,roof,chimney,aquarium,
house(bathroom,living-room,sitting-room,bedroom,kitchen,storeroom,door,table,chair,bed,wardrobe,cupboard,television,)
长沙地名(ChangshaUnderwaterWord,YueluAcademy,ChangshaRailwayStation)
句型:
Thisisourflat.(4上)
功能:
描述房间。
Thisis…Thereare…Ihave
10.身体:
head,hair,eye,nose,ear,mouth,neck,hand,finger,knee,foot(feet),toe,hand,arm,leg,body…外貌:
fat,thin,tall,short,old,young,twobigblueeyes,longhair,shorthair,blackhair.
句型:
①Thisismynose.(三上)②Touchyourhead.(三上)③Raiseyourarm.④Ihaveapuppet.
11.个人情况:
姓名、年龄、性别(boy,girl,man,woman)地址、特点与爱好。
句型:
①I'mtwelveyearsold.②Myhobbyisreading.③Ilikemusic.④I'minterestedinspace.⑤MynameisPeter.⑥I'mtallandthin.⑦Doyouhaveanyhobbies?
(五上)⑧AreyouLingling?
(三上)
12.家庭、亲属和朋友:
家庭成员(family,father,mother,brother,sister,grandfather(grandpa/granddad),grandmother(grandma/grandmum),uncle,aunt,cousin,friend.职业(Policeman/policemen,policewoman,fireman,pupil,soldiers,,trafficpolice,butcher)
年龄、地址、、特点与爱好、与你的关系
句型:
①Who'she?
He'smyfather.(三上)②He'sadoctor③Helikesplayinggames.④Myfatherhelpsme.(五上)⑤Isheasoldier?
⑥What’she?
(三上)⑦Wearesoliders.(四上)⑧Thisismyfamily.(三上)
13.学校:
学校建筑和学校生活。
school,classroom,library,playground,Chinese,maths,English,music,computer,PE,art,science,
句型:
①Whendoyougotoschool?
②WhattimedoyouhaveEnglish?
(五上)
14.情绪和身体状态:
happy,sad,tired,angry,shy,sorry,well,sick,weak,worried,pleased,excited,light,heavy
句型:
①I'msick.②I'mhappy.③Wearesorry.(五上)④Ifeelsad.
15.社交礼仪:
礼貌用语;询问与应答。
句型:
问候①Hello./Hi.②Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.③Howareyou?
④Howdoyoudo?
⑤Gladtomeetyou./Nicetomeetyou.
介绍①Mynameis…②I’mapupil.③I’m12.④Thisisourteacher,MissChen.⑤HeisfromJapan.
道别①Goodbye./Bye.②Seeyou.③Goodnight.
道谢①Thankyou./Thanks.②You’rewelcome.
道歉①Sorry.②I’msorry.③Excuseme.
请求①CanIhaveapuppy?
(五上)②CanIborrowapencil?
(五上)③Yes,please.④Ofcourse.
祝愿①Happybirthday.②MerryChristmas.
提供帮助①CanIhelpyou?
②WhatcanIdoforyou?
③What’sthematter?
寻求帮助和建议①WhatcanIdo?
用餐①Doyouwantsomesoup?
②Wouldyoulikesomerice?
③I'dlikeacolddrink.
购物①Whichonedoyouwant,thethickoneorthethinone?
(五上)②Iwantaredone,please.③CanIlookatit?
④It'stooexpensive.⑤Haveyougotenoughmoney?
⑥Howmuchisit?
16.国家:
China,Japan,America(theUSA),English(theUK),Australia,Russia,Canada,Singapore,India,France,句型:
①IcomefromChina.(四下)
17.天气与气候特征:
hot,cold,cool,warm,sun,sunny,rain,heavyrain,rainy,wind,strongwind,windy,snow,heavysnow,snowy,cloud,cloudy,…句型:
①What'stheweatherlike?
②It’sacoldday.(三下)③Springiswarmandnice.④Ilikeasunnyday.(三下)(六下)⑤Tomorrowwillberainy.
18.节日:
节日的特点;节日的活动。
NewYear'sDay,TheSpringFestival(五上),Children'sDay,(五上)Mid-autumnFestival,(六上)Teachers'Day,NationalDay
(五下),Christmas(六上),TheDragonBoatFestival.(六下)
19.正在发生的事情:
现在进行的动作和发生的事。
词汇(playingthepiano,bakingacake,makingakite,sleeping,working,sweeping,cooking,painting,hopping,dancing,skipping,playingbasketball,going,coming)句型:
①Areyoumakingakite?
(四下)②Peteriswriting.(四下)③What'sAnnedoing?
(四下)④Whereareyougoing?
(四下)⑤Whataretheydoing?
⑥Isherunning?
⑦Thechildrenareplayinginthepark.(六上)
20.日常生活:
日常生活(cookameal,ironclothes,waterplants,haveameal,wakeup,makethebed)、工作、学习的活动。
句型:
①Icometoschoolbybus.②Yourhomeworkisgood.③Whattimedoyougetup?
④Katiealwaysgetupearly.(六上)
21.计划与打算:
计划和将要进行的动作begoingtodo…句型:
①I’m/You’re/He’s/She’s/We’re/They’re(not)goingtoswim.②AreyougoingtovisitAnne?
(六上)③Let’sgototheUnderwaterWorld.(六上)④Whatareyougoingtodo?
⑤WhatisDongdonggoingtodo?
(六上)⑥Whenarewegoingtoswim?
(六上)⑦Tomorrowwillberainy.(六下)⑧I'llstayathome.⑨
22.能力和可能:
能做某事或可能进行某事。
词汇:
jumphigh,runfast,swimfast,throwfar,flyhigh,climb,read,write,
句型:
①CanyoureadandwriteinEnglish?
②CanIhaveapuppy?
③WhatcanIdo?
(六下)④Icanswimfast.(四上)⑤CanyouwriteinEnglish?
(四下)
23.过去发生的事情或过去的打算:
过去式。
句型:
①Wherewereyou?
(五下)②Whowasfirst?
(五下)③Wasitinthewardrobe?
(五下)④Bennytookmyball.(五下)⑤Wheredidyougo?
⑥Whatdidyoudo?
⑦Icamebyplane.(五下)⑧Annewantedtoskate.(六下)
24.对事物的比较:
比较级和最高级。
fewer,more,theleast,themost句型:
①Mysingingislouderthanyours.(六上)②I’mtallerthanyou.③TherearemoreshopsinPictureOne.(六下)④Somestoriesaremoreinterestingthanothers.(六下)⑤Themostinterestingstories.(六下)⑥Whoisfatter?
25.提醒与告示:
词汇:
loudly,quietly,noisily,①Whatdoesthatsignmean?
Notalking.Nofishing.Nospitting.Nopickingofflowers.Nomobilephone.Guestsdonotgoin.(五上)②Drawacatontheroof.(五下)③Don'tputyourfeetontheseat.(五下)④Nospeaking.⑤Donotgoin.⑥Playquietly.Don’tplaynoisily.(六上)
26.擅长和喜欢的事情:
①I'm/You're/He'sgoodatdrawing.(六下)②Ilikeplayingbasketball.
27.交通方式:
词汇:
ship,car,plane,train,bus,bike/bicycle,taxi,subway,onfoot,句型:
Icometoschoolbybus.(三下)Icamebyplane.(五下)
(二)语法
三上:
1.特殊疑问句:
What:
What’syourname?
What’sthis?
Who:
Whoareyou?
Who’she?
2.一般疑问句:
AreyouLingling?
Isheasoldier?
三下:
1.特殊疑问句:
What:
What’sthenumber/time?
Whatcolour
Howold/many
2.一般疑问句:
Isthisamango?
3.否定句:
Thisisn’tmyfood.
四上:
1.特殊疑问句:
What:
What’sthat?
How:
Howmany
Whose:
Whoseisthis?
Where:
Where’sthecat?
2.be动词:
is:
This/Thatis….句型
Are:
These/Thoseare….句型
3.名词的复数形式:
+s,Weare….句型
4.Therebe句型:
Thereare….
5.Ilike…Idon’tlike…句型
6.情态动词:
can:
I/Hecan….Can后接动词原形。
7.形容词性物主代词:
my,your,our,their
8.介词:
in,on,under
四下:
1.特殊疑问句:
Where,what,howmuch
2.一般疑问句:
Doyouhaveaticket?
3.情态动词疑问句:
Canyou…?
Yes,Ican.No,Ican’t.
4.正在进行时:
V+ing
5.Ihave….Hehas….句型。
6.介词:
fromIcomefromChina.
五上:
1.Wouldyoulike…?
I’dlike….句型。
2.一般疑问句:
Doyou…?
3.情态动词疑问句:
CanI…?
4.特殊疑问句:
Whichonedoyouwant?
Whatdoesthatsignmean?
5.一般现在时,第三人称后动词形式:
+s如:
Myfatherhelpsme.
6.Ilike+动名词。
如:
Ilikereading.
7.介词:
at.Igetupat6:
50.
8.祈使句:
Notalking.
9.名词复数形式story-stories,cloth-clothes
五下:
1.祈使句:
Drawacatontheroof.
Don’tputyourfeetontheseat.
2.Therebe….句型。
3.特殊疑问句:
Where,Who,When,Where,Whattime…?
4.过去时。
5.名词性物主代词:
That’snotmine.(his,hers,…)
6.基数词:
1st–10th
7.介词:
on,near,by
8.一般疑问句的过去式形式:
Wasitinthewardrobe?
Yes,itwas.No,itwasn’t.
六上:
1.正在进行时
2.一般现在时,第三人称后动词形式:
+s
3.将来时:
begoingto…
4.特殊疑问句:
Howtall,What,When
5.祈使句:
Let’s….
6.比较级:
六下:
1.过去式
2.比较级和最高级
3.将来时:
will:
Tomorrowwillberainy.
4.Therebe….句型
5.一般现在时,第三人称后动词形式:
+s
6.情态动词:
WhatcanIdo?
7.名词的复数形式
8.动名词:
Youaregoodatdrawing.
(三)动词过去式
特殊形式
一般形式
形式不变
形式变化
加ed
改y为i,加ed
双写,加ed
hit--hit
are—were
want--wanted
try--tried
drop--dropped
is—was
ask--asked
do—did
watch--watched
go--went
talk--talked
take--took
borrow--borrowed
hav
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