探究中美社交礼仪差异从微笑效应入手分析大学论文.docx
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探究中美社交礼仪差异从微笑效应入手分析大学论文.docx
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探究中美社交礼仪差异从微笑效应入手分析大学论文
本科生毕业论文(设计)
题目ExplorationofSocialEtiquetteDifferencesbetweenChinaandAmerica:
ACaseStudyofSmileEffect
学院四川大学锦城学院
专业英语语言文学
学生姓名
学号年级2012级
指导教师
教务部制表
二Ο一五年十二月二十五日
探究中美社交礼仪差异——从微笑效应入手分析
(英语语言文学专业)
学生指导教师
孔子①曰:
“礼者,敬人也。
”人生在世,与人交际可谓必不可少。
随着现代社会的飞速发展,世界各国人文经济、民俗文化的交流日益紧密,而作为礼仪文化的一个分支——社交礼仪的作用则显得举足轻重。
无论是日常与人沟通交流,工作中维护与上级、客户、同事之间的关系,还是各国在国际上处理外交事务,都应该具备很好的待人接物的能力,而这就需要了解并且掌握一定的社交礼仪知识,来帮助我们更好地与人接触。
我国是一个文明古国,素有“礼仪之邦”的美称,而身为炎黄子孙的我们,则需要把文明礼貌传统发扬光大。
礼仪是为人处世的基本态度,是对自己更是对他人以及社会的尊重。
拥有良好的社交礼仪,可以让自己在与人接触交往中具有一定的自信,也会得到他人的尊重。
本文作者旨在探究中美社交礼仪中所存在的差异,以作者自身的人生体验与感悟,从微笑效应引入,分析各自社交礼仪的发展、特点及一些禁忌,较深刻地反映出了中美社交礼仪在人与人交往中的价值。
关键词:
礼仪文化;社交礼仪;礼仪之邦;人生体验;微笑效应
Abstract
Confucius①said,“Etiquettemeanstorespectothers.”Itisnecessaryforustocontactwithothersinourlife.Withtherapiddevelopmentofmodernsociety,thecommunicationofhumanisticeconomyandfolkculturehasbecomeincreasinglyclosearoundtheworld.Hence,thesocialetiquette,whichisthebranchofetiquetteculture,isplayingavitalrole.Whetheritisdailycommunicationwithothers,maintainingtherelationswithleaders,clients,andcolleagues,orhandlinginternationallyforeignaffairsamongnations,weshouldkeepagoodabilityofgeneralmanner,whichneedsustounderstandandmastercertainsocialetiquetteknowledgetohelpustocontactwithpeoplebetter.Chinahasanancientcivilization,knownasalandofcourtesy.Moreover,asChinesedescendants,weoughttocarryforwardthetraditionalcivility.
Asabasicattitudeofhumaninteraction,etiquetteistherespectforoneself,othersandeventhesociety.Itcanmakeusbeconfidentcontactingwithothersandgetothers’respecttokeepagoodetiquette.Fromherownlifeexperienceandfeelings,theauthoraimstoexplorethedifferencesofsocialetiquettebetweenChinaandAmericafromsmileeffectbyanalyzingtheirdevelopment,featuresandtaboosinthispaper.Indoingso,wecangetthevalueofhumaninteractionofsocialetiquettebetweenChinaandAmerica.
Keywords:
etiquetteculture;socialetiquette;civilization;lifeexperience;smileeffect
Contents
Introduction1
PartOneSmileEffect2
1.1BriefIntroductionofSmileEffect2
1.2TheUseofSmileEffectinChina3
1.3TheUseofSmileEffectinAmerica3
PartTwoSocialEtiquetteinChinaandAmerica5
2.1ChineseSocialEtiquette5
2.1.1TraditionalSocialEtiquette5
2.1.2ModernSocialEtiquette6
2.2AmericanSocialEtiquette8
2.2.1TheDevelopmentofAmericanSocialEtiquette8
2.2.2ForbiddanceofAmericanSocialEtiquette9
PartThreeTheDifferencesofSocialEtiquettebetweenChinaandAmerica11
3.1TheDifferencesofAssociationEtiquette11
3.2TheDifferenceofClothingEtiquette12
3.3TheDifferenceofDiningEtiquette13
Conclusion15
Notes16
Bibliography17
Acknowledgements18
Introduction
SincepresidentXi’stakingofficeandvisitingvariouscountrieswithhiswifePengLiyuan,Chinahasbecomemoreandmoreinternational.Thus,it’snodoubtthatsocialetiquetteactsasignificantroleintheprocess.Socialetiquettemeansthefirstchoiceofcodeofconductandidiomaticpatternwhichisusedtoexpressrespect,kindnessandgoodwillduringinterpersonalcommunication,socialinteractionandinternationalcommunicationactivities.Peoplecancommunicateamind,buildagoodfriendshipandgetsupportandhelpthroughsocialetiquette.Meanwhile,socialetiquetteisreflectedinourlanguage,actionandexpression,which determinewhetherornotwemakeagoodimpressiontoothers.FromwhatIsaw,heardandfeltinmydaily-life,especiallyoncewhenIlivedinAmericaforthreemonths,Ihavegottheopinionthatsmileisoneofthemostsignificantmanifestationsofsocialetiquette.DaleCarnegieoncesaid,“Smile,whichlikesthesunthroughthedarkclouds,canlightupallpeoplewhoseeit,andbringthemwarmth.”Iwouldliketorefertosmileeffectasanimportantroletosocialetiquette.
Everycountryhasastandardofsocialetiquettebasedonitsspiritualculture,whichmakesthedifferenceofcultureamongthesecountries.Inthispaper,weputtheAmericaasarepresentativeofWesterncountriestocomparethedifferencesofsocialetiquettebetweenChinaandAmerica.
PartOneSmileEffect
1.1BriefIntroductionofSmileEffect
Smileeffectmeansthatnomatterwhatorwhoyoumeet,ifyoualwayskeepsmile,youwillgetasurprisedresult.Smile,apleasantexpression,acharmingaction,canshortenthedistanceamongpeople.Thereisnothingbettertoimprovepersonalcharismaandtomovepeoplethankeepingabigsmile.Asinceresmile,whoseeffectisjustasmagicalbutton,canimmediatelyconnectotherskindemotion,becauseitistellingothersthatIlikeyouandIwanttobeyourfriend.Meanwhile,itisexpressingthatIguessyouwillalsolikemeaswell.
Americanwriter,AugerMandino②,makessuchalaw:
Smilecanbeexchangedforgold,whichisfamousMandino’slaw③.Mandino’slawadvocatesthatpeopleshouldsmileandsinceresmilehasimmeasurablymagicpower.Toputitsimply,theeffectofMandino’slawissmileeffect.
Youshouldusuallysmileevenifyouarenotgoodatsmile.ThegreatAmericansalesman,FrankBettger④getsmuchbenefitbecauseofbeinggoodofsmile.Hisexperiencetellshimthatapersonwhoisalwayssmilingwillbepopularforever.Thus,everytimebeforemeetsanotherperson,FrankBettgerwillguessthatheshouldexpressthegratitudetothispersonfirst,thencommunicateswithhimorherwithsmile.Asmilenotonlyexpressesyourkindnessandreliancetoothersbutalsoimplythatothersareworthyoursmile.
Keepingsmilingintheinterpersonalcommunication,youwilllikeonthestage.Smilecannotonlyleaveagoodandunforgettableimpressiontoothersbutalsogetbenefitsinyourdailylife.Giveothersapropersmile,youwillhaveunexpectedgainincontacts.
Apersonwholovessmileisbeautiful,andasmilewillmakeusfeeltheworldiswonderful.Thus,nomatterwhenyouareintrouble,keepasmileonyourface,whichwillmakeyoudoeverythingsmoothly.
1.2TheUseofSmileEffectinChina
InChina,whenwewalkonastreet,weseeseriousexpressiononalmosteveryone’sface.Noonewillsmiletoothers,becauseChinesearehardlysmilingtostrangers,andonlyfoolssmiletoeveryone.ThatiscurrentsituationinChinanow.Noonewouldliketoseeacoldface,whichwillmakeusfeeluncomfortable.Weusuallyforgettheeffectofsmileandit’sdifficultforuseventosmiletosomeoneclosetous.Therearethreekindofetiquetteinancienttimes:
Zhouli,Yili,andLiji⑤.Ourancestorsalwaysteachustotreatotherswithcourtesy,buttheydon'ttellusthatsmileissoimportantamongpeople’scommunication.
Smileissomagicalthatcanwarmourheart,soweneeddomoresmileservice.Eatinginarestaurant,wewillfeelwearetreatedwellandwanttocomenesttimeifthewaitersmilestous;doingbusinessinabank,wewillthinkthisbankissoenthusiasticifthebanktellersmilestous;purchasinginasupermarket,wewillbuymoregoodsnexttimeifthecashiersmiletous.ThatisSmileeffect,whichisseldomtobeseeninChina.Weknowhowtodealwithallkindsofbusiness,howtocontactwithallkindsofpeopleandhowtothinkaboutallkindsofquestions,butwedon'tknowhowtousethesmileeffect.
Sometimes,weareforcedtosmileonsomenecessaryoccasion,suchasmeetingclientsandsocialengagement.However,thiskindofsmileisaplasticsmile,whichisnotfromourrealheart.Thus,forourmostChinesepeople,weshouldlearnhowtosmilefromourhearttowarmothersheart.
1.3TheUseofSmileEffectinAmerica
DuringthethreemonthsinPanamaCityBeach,Florida,America,themostimpressivethingformeisthatAmericans’smile,sincereandcharming,withdeepandblueeyes.Walkingonthestreets,nomatterwhoiswalkingonyoursideorcomingtoyou,heorshewillgiveyouabrilliantsmileandgreettoyou,“goodmorning”,“howareyou?
”,“How’sittoday?
”Smile,whichistheeasiestandmostusefulmanner,iswellhandledbyeveryAmerican.
Americansarepassionateandhumorous,andtheythinkbeinggoodatmakingfriendsisoneofthemostimportantelementstosuccess.Meanwhile,smileactsaverysignificantroleinAmericanssocialcommunication.Greetingtoothers,meetingfriends,visitingneighborsandhavingadate,Americansarealwayssmilingfirst,whichcanleaveagoodimpressiontoothersandcreateaneasyandharmonyatmosphere.Apersonwholovessmilelooksyoungerthananotherwhoseldomsmilesatsameage,becausesmilejustlikethesunshineinthewinterandcanbringpeoplewarmth.IamfondofseeingtheAmericanchildren’ssmile,whichissimple-heartedandinfectious.
Asweknow,smilecanspreadpositiveenergy,andthat’swhyAmericansarealwayspositivetotheirlivesnomatterwhathappened.IhavemadeafriendinAmerica,whosenameisJacksonKong,anoverseasChinese,isworkingasasushichefinaJapaneserestaurant.Beforehefoundthisjob,hedidmanyjobsandhassavedmorethan100to200thousanddollars.HeplanstobuyahouseforhisparentsinHouston.However,allhissavingshasbeentakenawaybyaChinesewomanfromShenzhen.Hethinksheinvestshismoneytoacompanyandhewillgetmoremoney,sohetransferredhismoneytothatwomanfromhisbankaccount.Attheend,hefoundthatwomanisaliarbecauseshedisappearedandhehasnothing.Still,hedoesn’tgiveupanythingandtrytoearnmoney.Hesaid,“EveryonecantryagaininAmerica,justsmiletoyourlifenomatterhowterriblethingsyousuffer.”
Thus,attitudedecideseverything,andsmilehelpse
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- 关 键 词:
- 探究 中美 社交 礼仪 差异 微笑 效应 入手 分析 大学 论文