高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语.docx
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高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语.docx
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高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语
2012年1月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
英语
(二)试卷
(课程代码0359)
本试卷分为两部分,满分100分,考试时间150分钟。
第一部分为选择题,1页至8页,共8页。
应考者必须在"答题卡"上按要求填涂,不能答在试卷上。
第二部分为非选择题,9页至10页,共2页。
应考者必须在"答题纸"上答题。
PARTONE(50POINTS)
1.VocabularyandStructure(10points,1pointeach)
从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案,并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
1.Alltheories______frompracticeandinturnservepractice.
A.differ
B.range
C.recover
D.originate
2.Thereislittle______increasingyourreadingspeedifyoudonotunderstandwhatyouarereading.
A.aim
B.use
C.value
D.meaning
3.whatyousaynowisnot______withwhatyousaidyesterday.
A.insistent
B.prevalent
C.consistent
D.permanent
4.Puttingprisonersinchainsdoesn'tsolvethe______0fcrime,suchas povertyordisaffectionwithinsociety.
A.causes
B.victims
C.purposes
D.increases
5.Binarystars,astheirnamesuggests,aretwinstarswhosepositioninspace______eachother.
A.affects
B.expects
C.perfects
D.inspects
6.Allevidencerelevant______thecaseshouldbegatheredandanalyzed.
A.with
B.to
C.from
D.for
7.Comewhat______we'llgoaheadwithourplan.
A.can
B.need
C.may
D.must
8.Weshould______primaryimportancetothedevelopmentofeconomy.
A.attach
B.convert
C.attribute
D.contribute
9.Examinerswhoare______tofavoritesarecriticizedbymanypeople.
A.indifferent
B.similar
C.equivalent
D.partial
10.Lookforsmallwaystoaddactivitytoyourday,liketakingthestairs______theelevatororgoingonashortwalk.
A.inspiteof
B.insteadof
C.intermsof
D.inviewof
II.ClozeTest(10points,1pointeach)
下列短文中有十个空白,每个空白有四个选项。
根据上下文要求选出最佳答案,
并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
.
Peopleproducefoodinmanyways.Agriculture,orfarming,developedjthousandsofyearsago.___11___about100yearsago,mostfarmersintheUnitedStatesProducedonlyenoughfoodfortheirown___12___Today,modernequipmentandfarmingmethodshavegreatly___13___theAmericanfarmer'sproductivity.
Invariouspartsoftheworld,people___14___manyanimalsthatsupplymeatandmilk.Cattle,horses,goats,sheep,andpigsareimportantfoodanimals.IntheUnitedStates,thecowisthemajorsourceofmilkproducts.Chickens___15___peoplewithbothmeatandeggs.
Fishingisanimportantsourceoffood,___16___inareasnearthesea.Somecountries,likeJapan,consumemuchmorefishthanmeat.
Thewealthyareasoftheworldconsumethemostfood,___17___includetheUnitedStates,Canada,andEurope.Manycountriesareabletoimportfoodifitcannotbeproducedathome.___18___GreatBritainimportsabout75percentofitsmeat,andgrowslessthanhalfthefooditspeoplerequire.
___19___peopleofthepoorcountriesoftheworldusuallyeatonlywhattheyareabletoproducethemselves.InsomepartsofAsia,peoplelive___20___ricealone.
11.A.In B.Until C.From D.for
12.A.needs B.reasons C.efforts D.interests
13.A.protected B.supported C.increased D.reflected
14.A.grow B.raise C.train D.store
15.A.prepare B.treat C.serve D.provide
16.A.certainly B.actually C.occasionallyD.especially
17.A.these B.where C.which D.they
18.A.Inaddition B.Forexample C.Aboveall D.Afterall
19.A.However B.Therefore C.Moreover D.instead
20.A.with B.for C.on D.through
III.ReadingComprehension(30points,2pointseach)
从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案,并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
PassageOne
Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
LatelyithasbecomefashionableinAmericatoquestionwhetheritisreallyworthittogotocollege.AccordingtoanewsurveyreleasedbythePewResearchCenter,only40percentofAmericansfeltthatcollegesprovidedagoodvalueforthecost.Atthesametime,86percentofcollegegraduatesstillfelttheinvestmentwasagoodoneforthem.
Thereareanumberofreasonsforthewidespreaddissatisfactionwithcollege.First,thereareplentyofproblemswithhighereducation-poorqualityandout-of-controlcostsaretwoofthebiggest,Second,itistruethatcollegeisnotforeveryone.Thereareplentyofrewardingandimportantcareersthatdonotrequirecollege.Andduetothesloweconomy,theremayinfactbemoregraduatesthanthecurrentjobmarketneeds.Besides,anti-collegesentimentisnothingnew.Today,Microsoft'sBillGatesorApple'sSteveJobs-bothcollegedropouts-isoftenheldupasevidenceofwhyallthattimesittinginclassisbetterspentelsewhere.
However,gettingacollegeeducationisstillagoodidea.Collegegraduatesearnmore,andaremorelikelytohaveajobinthefirstplace.Accordingtothestatisticslastyear,theaverageweeklyearningsforsomeonewithsomecollegebutnodegreewere$712,comparedto$1,038foracollegegraduate.Thatisalmost$17,000overthecourseofayearandthereisanevenbiggerdivideforthosewithlesseducation.Meanwhile,theunemploymentratewas9.2percentforthosewithonlysomecollegeandmorethan10percentforthosewithjustamiddleschooldegree,butitwas5.4percentforcollegegraduates.Theeconomicgapsbetweencollegecompletersandthosewithlesseducationaregettinglarger.
AlthoughmostAmericanssurveyedbyPewfeeldoubtfulaboutthevalueofacollegedegree,anoverwhelmingmajorityofparentsPewsurveyedstillexpecttheirchildrentogotocollege."Itcallbeinferredthattheincreaseddoubthasnotsignificantlyinfluenceddecisionmaking,''Pew'sTaylorsays."Despitetheconcernaboutrisingcostsandotherproblems,collegeremainsauniversaldesireinthiscountry."
21.RecentlymanyAmericansquestion_____.
A.thevalueofacollegedegree
B.theabilityofcollegegraduates
C.thequalityofcollegeeducation
D.thehighcostofhighereducation
22.ThepassagetellsUSthatBillGateswas_____.
A.aself-taughtcollegestudent
B.ahardworkingundergraduate
C.asuccessfulcollegedropout
D.asuccessfulcollegegraduate
23.Thewriterseemstoagreethat_____.
A.thereisnoneedtogotocollege
B.anti-collegesentimentisanewthing
C.collegecannotguaranteeemployment
D.collegeeducationremainsawisechoice
24.TheunemploymentrateforcollegegraduateslastYearwas_____.
A.5.4%
B.7.1%
C.9.2%
D.10%
25.ThePewsurveyimpliesthat_____.
A.thecostofcollegeeducationwilldecrease
B.mostAmericansstillfavorcollegeeducation
C.thequalityofcollegeeducationwillimprove
D.increaseddoubtaffectsparents'decisionmaking
PassageTwo
Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Amajorsociological(社会学的)theoryknownassymbolicinteractionism(符
号互动论)offerssomeimportantclarificationofhowmenandwomenaretaughttofilldifferent rolesinsociety.Thekeyconceptinsymbolicinteractionismisthatcommunicationmakesabigdifferenceinbehavior:
peopleactonthebasisofmessagestheyreceivefromothers,andhowtheyunderstandthosemessages.ThiscanbeseeninaconceptdevelopedbysociologistCharlesHortonCooleyknownasthelooking-glassself.
Bythelooking-glassself,Cooleymeanttheself-imagethateachofusdevelopsaccordingtothemessageswereceivefromothers;wethinkandbehaveaccordingtoourunderstandingofthosemessages.If,forexample,a younggirlisrepeatedlytoldthatsheispretty,shewillcometobelievethat
(1)sheisinfactpretty,and
(2)beingprettyisanimportantthinginherlife.Similarly,ifsheistoldthatsheisnotgood(ornotexpectedtobegood)atcertainthings(suchasmath)shewillcometobelievethatsheisnotgoodatsuchthingsandwouldbetteroffworkingatthingsshecanbesuccessfulat.Thelikelyproductisayoungwomanwhodevotesagreatdealofattentiontoherappearance,regardsbeingprettyasakeytosuccessinlife,andwhoisintimidatedbyanythinginvolvingnumbers.
Sinceweknowthatyounggirlsaregivenmessageslikethese,andthatyoungboysaregivendifferentmessages,wecanseeagoodpartofhowsexrolesaretaught.Thereislittleornoevidenceofdifferencesinwhatyounggirlsandyounggirlsandboyscando,buttheolderchildrenbecome,thegreaterthedifferencesintheareasinwhichboysandgirlsarelikelytostandout.
26.Symbolicinteractionismhelpstoexplain______.
A.howtomakeadifferenceinpeople'ssocialbehavior
B.howtomakepeopleunderstanddifferentsocialroles
C.howmenandwomenlearntocommunicateinsociety
D.howmenandwomenlearntotakedifferentsocialroles
27.The "looking-glassself'' conceptoffersaclueasto______.
A.whetheronecanimproveone'sself-image
B.whetheroneislikelytosucceedinanarea
C.howonereceivesdifferentsocialmessages
D.howsocialmessagesshapeone'sself-image
28.Theexampleoftheyounggirlshowsthat______.
A.womencaremoreaboutappearance
B.womenareinferiortomeninnumbers
C.peopleareliabletosocialexpectations
D.peopleregardlooksasakeytoSuccess
29.Thephrase"betteroff'(para.2)probablymeans——
A.morecomfortable
B.moredependable
C.morerespectable
D.morereasonable
30.Boysandgirlsarelikelytostandoutindifferentareas______.
A.astheyadvanceinage
B.astheygrowinwisdom
C.astheirinterestsdiversify
D.astheircapacitiesdevelop
PassageThree
Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
SincethebeginningoftheInternetera,ithasbeenwidelyacceptedthatwhenyoujoinanonlinecompany,whateverdatayouputintoitbelongstoyou.
Thatmeansyoucansignupforonekindofemail,importyourcontactsintothatsystem,andifyoulaterdecidetoswitchtosomeotheremailservice,youcanexportallyourcontactsfromthefirstserviceintothenew
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