雅思口语基础发音练习.docx
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雅思口语基础发音练习.docx
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雅思口语基础发音练习
据英国驻华使馆文化教育处日前发布的消息,雅思考试官方在2007年8月份调整雅思口语考试评分标准,从原来的4种分值的评分标准细化到9种,一系列精细标准的出台将对中国考生做出更高、更细的要求。
变化发音评分细化分值增至9种。
据英国驻华使馆文化教育处介绍,雅思口语考试有4个评分标准:
流利度和连贯性、词汇量、语法结构和准确度、发音。
“发音”的得分以前仅有4种分值,一旦修订后,评分的依据还是一样,只不过分数会更细化,出现9种分值。
重点对考生元音饱满程度、失去爆破、弱化、连读、重音、连贯性等内容进行考查。
总的来说,考生在练习发音时应注意语音、语调、节奏感、重音、连读等,注意吐字清晰,如果不太熟练,最好放慢语速。
1发音到位
2连读
3失去爆破
4重音
发音到位
很多人在发音时,只是把它发出来,并没有真正地到位,要做到发音真正到位,关键是嘴型的到位,下面以长音/i:
/和短/i/来做一个实例:
长音/i:
/和短/i/的区别不仅仅是一个音长,一个音短。
关键是它们的发音部位的不同,/i:
/是通过口腔发出来的声音,发声处靠前,口形很扁, 是一个非常清晰的音。
而/i/是一个短音, 是通过喉咙发出来的声音(发音方法就像唱美声歌曲一样), 发声处靠后部,嘴自然张开,短音/i/比长音/i:
/的嘴形稍宽,从喉咙后部发出,非常短促。
下面我们来看看这两个音在单词中的不同表现:
/i:
/ bee sheep leave
/i/ busy ship live
Jasonisjustlikeabusybee,he'salwaysonthego.
Maryandhersheepareleavingwheretheyareliving.
掌握了发音技巧,下一步就是要不厌其烦地反复练习,不仅要做一些绕口令式的训练,同时要做大量地朗读,以正常的语速(刚开始可以慢一些,以做到清晰发出每一个音为标准),适当地停顿,富有感情地优美地朗读。
示范:
Welcometothemosteasilymisunderstoodseasonofall,winter,abeautifulseasonofintimacyandreflection.I’mFaithatFaithRadioOnline-SimplytoRelax.
Wintergivesustheopportunitytostayinsideandlookoutside,aswe'renotcalledoutdoorstoenjoythewarmthandsunshine.Snuggleupinthesofa,putablanketoveryou,haveacupofhotcocoa,andenjoytheobservationsonenjoypreciousseason…
首先,我们把这个段落里面的发长音/i:
/和发短音/i/的单词找出来:
长音/i:
/:
easily season
短音/i/:
easily winter beautiful intimacy misunderstood
reflection simply relax give opportunity
inside enjoy in this
连读练习
(1)“辅音+元音”型连读
在同一个意群里,如果相邻两词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾,后一个词是以元音开头,这就要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。
I’m~an~Englishboy.
It~is~an~oldbook.
Letmehave~alook~at~it.
MsBlackworkedin~an~officelast~yesterday.
Icalled~youhalf~an~hour~ago.
Put~it~on,please.
Not~at~all.
Pleasepick~it~up.
(2)“r/re+元音”型连读
如果前一个词是以-r或者-re结尾,后一个词是以元音开头,这时的r或re不但要发/r/,而且还要与后面的元音拼起来连读。
They’remyfather~andmother.
Ilookedfor~ithere~andthere.
There~isafootballunder~it.
There~aresomebooksonthedesk.
Here~isaletterforyou.
Here~arefour~eggs.
Butwhere~ismycup?
Where~areyourbrother~andsister?
但是,如果一个音节的前后都有字母r,即使后面的词以元音开头,也不能连读。
Theblackcloudsarecomingnearerandnearer.(nearer与and不可连读)
(3)“辅音+半元音”型连读
英语语音中的/j/和/w/是半元音,如果前一个词是以辅音结尾,后一个词是以半元音,特别是/j/开头,此时也要连读。
Thank~you
Nicetomeet~you.
Did~yougettherelate~again?
Would~youlike~acup~oftea?
Could~youhelpme,please?
“音的同化”
—常把/d/+/j/读成/dV/,didyou听上成了/dIdVu/,wouldyou成了/wudVu/,couldyou成了/kudVu/。
(4)“元音+元音”型连读
如果前一个词以元音结尾,后一个词以元音开头,这两个音往往也要自然而不间断地连读到一起。
I~amChinese.
He~isveryfriendlytome.
Shewantstostudy~English.
How~andwhydidyoucomehere?
Shecan’tcarry~it.
It’lltakeyouthree~hourstowalkthere
Thequestionistoo~easyforhimtoanswer.
(5)当短语或从句之间按意群进行停顿时,意群与意群之间即使有两个相邻的辅音与元音出现,也不可连读。
Is~ita~hatoracat?
(hat与or之间不可以连读)
There~is~agoodbookinmydesk.(book与in之间不可以连读)
Canyouspeak~EnglishorFrench?
(English与or之间不可以连读)
Shallwemeetat~eightortentomorrowmorning?
(meet与at,eight与or之间不可以连读)
Sheopenedthedoorandwalked~in.(door与and之间不可以连读)
失去爆破
6个爆破音有3对/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/g/
失去爆破,又叫不完全爆破,就是在某些情况下,只须做出发音的准备,但并不发音,稍稍停顿后就发后面的音。
(1)“爆破音+爆破音”型
6个爆破音中的任意2个相临时,前一个爆破音会失去爆破,即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势,稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破音。
Thegirlinthere(d)coatwasonabla(ck)bikejus(t)now.
Thebi(g)busfromthefa(c)toryisfullofpeople.
Wha(t)timedoeshegetupeverymorning?
Thisisanol(d)pi(c)tureofabi(g)car.
Theol(d)do(c)torhasaca(t),too.
We’regoingtoworkonafarmnex(t)Tuesday.
Whatwouldyoulike,ho(t)teaorbla(ck)coffee?
It’saverycol(d)day,butit’sagoo(d)day.
Youcanputi(t)downinthebi(g)garden.
Iboughtachea(p)book,butit’sagoo(d)book.
(2)“爆破音+摩擦音”型
如果前面是爆破音,其后紧跟着某些摩擦音(如/f/,/s/,/W/,/T/等),那么前面那个爆破音仅有十分轻微的爆破,而后面那个摩擦音则要完全爆破。
Goo(d)morning,Mr.Bell.
UncleLi’sfa(c)toryisqui(te)neartothecinema.
Iwen(t)therealonea(t)ninelas(t)night.
-Doyouknowhisbi(ke)number?
-Sorry,Idon’(t)know.
Theforty-firs(t)lessonisqui(te)difficult.
Goo(d)luck,LinTao
EXE:
1.Heylook!
It'smygoodfriendRoss.
2.I'vebeenpracticingmymagictricks.
3.Oh,AuntLiddy'scoming?
Thatmeanswegetfivedollarseach
4.Lookather,myfirstgrandchild.
5.BecauseitkindalookedlikeIdid.
6.Thepuppetmastergetstired
重音练习
1.重音落在末音节的字母组合
①以-ee结尾,读音为/i:
/的词汇:
appelleechimpanzeecontesteeemployeegoateeguarantee
②以-act结尾,读音为/kt/的词汇,多为动词:
contactcontractdistractexactenactintactinteract
③-air,-aire或-are结尾,读音为//的词汇:
affairmillionaireawareprepare
④以-ade结尾,读音为/eid/的词汇:
arcadebrigadecolonnadeescaladeescapade(exception:
decade)
⑤以-ane结尾,读音为/ein/的词汇:
insaneprofanehumane
⑥以-ceive结尾,读音为/si:
v/的动词:
conceivedeceiveperceivereceive
⑦以-duce结尾,读音为/dju:
s/的词汇:
conducededuceinduceintroducereducereproducesubducetraduceseduce
⑧以-ease结尾,读音为/i:
s/或/i:
z/的词汇:
appeasedeceasedecreasediseaseincreasepredeceasereleaseleasesurcease
⑨以-een结尾,读音为/i:
n/的名词:
Canteenthirteen
⑩以-eer结尾,读音为/i:
r/的名词:
engineerpioneer
(11)以-ect结尾,读音为/ekt/的动词:
affectcollectdirectdetectcorrectelect
(12)以-ede结尾,读音为/i:
d/的动词:
accedeantecedeconcedeimpedeintercede
(13)以-end结尾,读音为/end/的动词:
attendamendcommendcomprehendcontenddefenddependextendintendrepresendsubtend
(14)以-el结尾,读音为/el/的词汇:
compelNobelpropelrebel(v.)
(15)以-ert结尾,读音为//的词汇:
assertconcertconvertdesertintrovertsubvert
(16)以-ese结尾,读/i:
s/或/i:
z/的词汇:
ChineseJapanesevietnamese
(17)以-clude结尾,读音为/klu:
d/的动词:
concludeexcludeincludeoccludeprecludeseclude
(18)以-esce结尾,读音为/es/的词汇:
coalescedeliquesceeffloresceevanescerecrudesce
(19)以-ess结尾,读音为/es/的动词:
compressconfessdepressexpressimpressprofessredressrepresssuppresstransgress
若不是动词,以-ess结尾,的词汇之重音位置不固定:
'progress'congresspro'cessun'less
(20)以-est结尾,读音为/est/的动词:
adjestcongestcontestdigestinfestprotestsuggest
(21)以-ette结尾,读音为/et/的词汇:
cassettecigarettebrunettecoquettechemisette]
(22)以-form结尾,读音为/fo:
m/的动词:
conform.perform.reform.transform(但uniform是名词)
(23)以-ict结尾,读音为/ikt/的动词:
afflictconflictconstrictcontradictinflictpredictrestric
(24)以-ide结尾,读音为/aid/的词汇:
asideastridebesideconfidedivideprovideresidesubside
(25)以-ign结尾,读音为/ain/的动词:
assigncondigndesignconsignresign
(26)以-ire结尾,读音为/ai+/的动词:
conspireesquireexpiredesireinquireinspirerequirerespire
(27)以-lapse结尾,读音为//的词汇:
collapseprolapserelapse
(28)以-mit结尾,读音为/mit/的词汇:
admitcommitdemitemitintermitomitpermitpretermitremitsubmittransmit
(若是名词,重音落在首音节,如:
'limit'summit'vomit)
(29)以-ort结尾,读音为/o:
t/的动词:
disportdistortescortexportimportreportretortsupporttrans-port
(若是名词,重音多落在首音节:
escortexportimportbistortpurport等。
)
(30)以-ore结尾,读音为/&>?
/的词汇:
aforebeforedeploreexplorerestore
(31)以-pose结尾,读音为/p+us/、/p+uz/的动词:
deposedecomposeexposeimposeinterposeopposeindisposepredis-poseproposesuppose
(32)以-scribe结尾,读音为/skraib/的词汇:
conscribedescribeescribeprescribesubscribetranscribe
(33)以-scend结尾,读音为/send/的词汇:
ascendcondescenddescendtranscend
(34)以-oon结尾,读音为/(nu:
n)/的词汇:
afternoonballoonbuffooncartooncocoondecocoondragoonfestoongalloonoctoroonpocaroon(exception:
forenoon)
PassageReading
SofarasIknow,thechinaworldhotelisthemostluxurioushotelIhaveeverseeninBJ.Itisaninternational5starhotelwhichhas21floorsandmorethan700rooms,locatedinthecenterofBeijing'sbusinessdistrict(oppositesSOHO).ItisusedtowelcomedistinguishedbusinessandgovernmentleadersaswellastravelersvisitingthecapitalofChina.thehotelwasconstructedbyconcreteandsteels,coveredbyglassoutside.Itlooksreallymagnificent.(grand,splendid)
Insideofthehotel,itfeaturesmodernEurocuisinerestaurantsandhasthelargestconferencesandmeetingsfacilitiesinBeijing.AllroomsandsuitesareequippedwithAC,cableTV,internetaccess,telephone,andalmosteverythingyouneed.
Whatimpressedmemostisitscomprehensivesportsfacilities.Ithasgotabigindoorswimmingpool,ahi-techfitnesscenterandtwosimulativegolf-courseswhichprovidegoodrecreationsandentertainmentfortheguests.
Now,thehotelhasalreadybecomealandmarkbuildinginBJ,andprovidesexcellentservicestopeopleallovertheworld.IhopeonedayIcanhavelunchinit.
Inmyopinion,oneofthebiggestproblemsoftransportationistrafficjamsinAnyangcity.Ithasbecomecommontoseepassengersanddrivershavingtowaitinlonglinesofbusesandcarsmovingatasnail'spaceonthestreetsduringtherushhours.Thereareseveralreasonsforthisproblem.First,thenumberofvehiclesisincreasingmuchmorerapidlythanthebuildingofroads.Second,thereseemtobetoomanyprivatecarsandnotenoughpublicbuses.Third,manypeople,includingdrivers,pedestriansandcyclistsdonotobeytrafficrulesproperly,especiallyatbusyintersections.
Inmyopinion,oneofthebiggestproblemsoftransportationistrafficjamsinAnyangcity.Inviewoftheseriousnessofthisproblem,effectivemeasuresmustbetakenbeforethingsgetworse.Ontheonehand,thegovernmentshouldinvestmoremoneyinthebuildingofnewroadsandtherepairingandmaintenanceofoldones,particularlythoseinbusyareasofthecities.Ontheotherhand,thenumberofprivatecarsinurbanareasshouldbelimitedwhilethenumberofpublicbusesshouldbeincreased.Atthesametime,itisessentialthatstrictertrafficrulesandregulationsbeissuedtostrengthentrafficcontrol.
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