高中英语一轮复习BOOK3UNIT5.docx
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高中英语一轮复习BOOK3UNIT5.docx
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高中英语一轮复习BOOK3UNIT5
类型:
反映信
话题:
校园中的乱涂和乱扔垃圾现象
典例展示
(语法填空→满分作文)
June8,2011
DearMr.Headmaster,
IamLiYue,astudentfromClass1,SeniorⅡ.Iamwritingtodrawyourattention1.________someimproperbehaviouramong2.________students:
litteringandscribbling.Itmakesourschooldirtyandunpleasant,anddoesharmtotheimageofourschool.Ialwaysfeelashamed3.________Iseethis.Itis4.________(clear)notappropriateforastudenttolitterandscribbleabout.Iwonder5.________theschoolcouldplacemoredustbinsaroundandsetupspecificrulesagainstsuchbehaviour.At6.________sametime,studentsshould7.________________(encourage)todevelopgoodhabitsandbetterbehave8.________.Ibelievethat,withthejointeffortsofbothteachers9.________students,ourschoolwillbecomea10.________________(enjoyable)placeinthenearfuture.
Thankyouforyourconsideration.
Yoursfaithfully,
LiYue
(2011·浙江卷)
佳句变式
范文中的黑体句子可改为如下句式:
1.Notonlydoesitmakeourschooldirtyandunpleasant,butalsoitdoesharmtotheimageofourschool.
2....wewillmakeourschoolamoreenjoyableplacetostudyininthenearfuture.
Ⅰ.词汇与派生
1.measurevi.&vt.测量,衡量,判定;n.计量单位;措施→________measurestodo...采取措施去做……
2.________prep.&adv.在船、飞机、火车或公共汽车上→abroadadv.在国外,到国外→________n.木板;甲板;董事会→__________adj.宽阔的;广泛的
3.bordern.边界;国界;边沿;vt.&vi.与……接壤;接近→________theborderof...在……边界上;接近,临近;即将
4.________adj.城市的→ruraladj.农村的
5.________adv.接近;大约→(同义词)about,orso
6.dawnn.黎明;破晓→________dawn黎明时刻
1.surroundvt.&vi.包围;围绕→________adj.附近的,周围的→________n.[pl.]环境
2.slightadj.轻微的,微小的→________adv.→not...________theslightest一点也不
3.mixvt.&vi.混合;调配→________n.混合(物)
4.wealthyadj.富有的→________n.财富
5.distancen.距离;远方→________adj.遥远的
6.mistn.薄雾→________adj.有薄雾的;模糊的
7.traditionn.传统;风俗→________adj.传统的
8.terrifyvt.使恐怖;恐吓→________adj.恐惧的,受惊吓的
9.pleasedadj.高兴的,愉快的→________adj.令人高兴的/满意的→________vt.使愉快;使满意→________n.[U]高兴,快乐;[C]乐事
10.impressvt.使印象深刻;使铭记→________adj.给人深刻印象的;感人的→________n.印象;影响;效果
Wearepleasedtochataboutthetriptothedistantborderofthecontinent.Whatimpressesusmostisthesceneryandthesurroundings.Thetraditionthereisamixtureofdifferentcultures.
学情自测
根据句意用框中所给词的适当形式填空
1.Thebestpartofthetripwasthe________.Itwasfantastic.
2.Hefoundhimself________withanatmosphereofkindness.
3.The________achildgrowsupinmayhaveaneffectonhisdevelopment.
4.Allthepassengershavegone________theplane.
5.Ididn’thavethe________ideawhyherefusedtohelpme.
6.Lifebelongstoapersononlyonce,soIholdtheviewthatbeinghealthyismoreimportantthanbeing________.
7.Thetownliesonthe________betweentheUSandMexico.
8.Thesearethe________foodsforChristmas.
9.Icometorealizestrengthandcouragearen’talways________inmedalsandvictories,butintheeffortswemake.
10.Onestoryinhisbooksthatleftthedeepest________onmewasPeddleintheSky.
Ⅱ.短语与拓展
1.________________定居;平静下来;专心于
2._______________设法做某事(成功了)→______todosth.企图、努力地做某事(未必成功)
3.____________看见→________sightof看不见
4.________________________对……有天赋→begifted________...在……方面有天赋
5.________________________在远处
6.________________________被……环绕/包围
7.________________穿过,通过;仔细察看、检查……;经历;遭受→gothrough________sth.完成、做完某事
8.________________在吃晚饭期间→________coffee边喝咖啡边……
学情自测
用介、副词填空
1.Ioftencatchsight________somebeggarsinragsonthestreet.
2.Wehadachat________acupofcoffee.
3.TaiwanIslandissurrounded________thesea.
4.Italwaystakestheclassawhiletosettle________atthestartofthelesson.
5.Shewent________thecompany’saccounts,lookingforevidenceoffraud.
Ⅲ.单元语法自测
用同位语从句改写下列句子
1.Theyarefamiliarwiththeopinion.Allmatterconsistsofatoms.
→Theyarefamiliarwiththeopinion________________________________________.
2.Wheredidyougettheidea?
Icouldnotcome.
→Wheredidyougettheidea________________________________?
3.Wehaven’tyetsettledthequestion.Wherearewegoingtospendoursummervacation?
→Wehaven’tyetsettledthequestion_________________________________________.
4.Thesuggestioncamefromthechairman.Thenewruleshouldbeadopted.
→Thesuggestioncamefromthechairman______________________________________.
5.Theyweredelightedatthenews.Theirteamhadwon.
→Theyweredelightedatthenews___________________________________________.
晨背佳作——语法填空
1.to 2.us 3.whenever 4.clearly 5.if 6.the
7.beencouraged 8.themselves 9.and 10.moreenjoyable
词汇梳理
Ⅰ.A1.take 2.aboard;board;broad 3.on
4.urban 5.approximately 6.at
B1.surrounding;surroundings 2.slightly;in
3.mixture 4.wealth 5.distant 6.misty
7.traditional 8.terrified 9.pleasing;please;pleasure 10.impressive;impression
学情自测
1.scenery 2.surrounded 3.surroundings
4.aboard 5.slightest 6.wealthy 7.border
8.traditional 9.measured 10.impression
Ⅱ.1.settledown 2.managetodosth.;try 3.catchsightof;lose 4.haveagiftfor...;in 5.inthedistance 6.(be)surroundedby...
7.gothrough;with 8.overdinner;over
学情自测
1.of 2.over 3.by 4.down 5.through
Ⅲ.1.thatallmatterconsistsofatoms 2.thatIcouldnotcome 3.wherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation 4.thatthenewruleshouldbeadopted 5.thattheirteamhadwon
1.measurev.tofindthesize,quantity,etc.ofsth.instandardunits测量;度量;量度为;tojudgetheimportance,valueoreffectofsth.估量,判定;n.anofficialactionthatisdoneinordertoachieveaparticularaim措施;方法;asignofthesizeorthestrengthofsth.尺度;标准
takemeasures/steps/actiontodosth.采取措施做某事
makesth.toone’smeasure照某人的尺寸做某物
measure...by...用……来衡量……
measureup测量;量度
(1)Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestobringdownthehighpricesofdailygoodstokeepthemarketstable.(2011·湖北,29)
政府已经采取措施来降低日用品的高价格,以保持市场稳定。
(2)Youshould____________________________improveyourworkingconditions.你们应该采取有效措施来改善你们的工作条件。
(3)Pleasemakeasuit____________________.
请按照我的尺寸做一套西服。
2.aboardprep.&adv.onorontoaship,plane,busortrain在船(飞机、公共汽车、火车等)上;上船(飞机、公共汽车、火车等)
go/getaboard上船(飞机等)
onboard在船(火车、飞机等)上
Allaboard!
请大家上船(飞机、车等)!
(1)Thedaywascoldandstormy,butAndersonstillwantedtoseethesights,soshejumpedaboardastreetcar.(2011·江苏,阅读A)
这天既冷又有暴风雨,但是安德森还是想看一下附近的风景,因此她登上了一辆有轨电车。
(2)Theplanecrashed,killingall200peopleaboard.飞机失事,机上200人全部遇难。
(3)一句辨义
LiHua,whohasthechanceto________________is________________andtalkinghappilywithotherpeople________.
李华获得了出国的机会,现在正坐在飞机上和其他乘客愉快地交谈着。
3.confirmv.tostateorshowthatsth.isdefinitelytrueorcorrect,especiallybyprovidingevidence证实;证明;tomakeaposition,anagreementetc.moredefiniteorofficial;toestablishsb./sth.firmly批准;确认;认可
confirmsth.证实某事
confirmsb.as...批准某人担任……
Itisconfirmedthat...确定……;证明……
(1)...,explainingthatwestillhadtorunlotsoftestsandthatitwasbynomeansconfirmedthathehadcancer.(2011·湖北,阅读A)
……,我向他解释说我们还要进行许多检查,现在丝毫不能证明他得了癌症。
(2)He________________________captainfortherestoftheseason.他被正式任命在这个赛季剩下的时间内担任队长。
(3)Thewalkinthemountains________hisfear________heights.
在山里步行使他更加确信自己有恐高症。
4.impressv.ifapersonorthingimpressesyou,youfeeladmirationforthemorit使钦佩;使敬仰;使铭记;tohaveagreateffectonsth.,especiallysb.’smind,imagination,etc.使铭记;给……留下深刻印象
impress...on...把……印在……上
impresssth.on/uponsb.=impresssb.withsth.使某人牢记某事
beimpressedby/withsth.对某事印象深刻
leave/make/createa/an...impressiononsb.给某人留下……的印象
(1)Itprobablydidn’tmaketheimpressiononyouasitdidonme.
(2011·浙江,阅读D)
可能它留给你的印象不如留给我的印象深。
(2)Hetriedto________me________hisextensiveknowledgeofwine.
他试图用他对酒的广博知识影响我。
(3)Ithinkthebosswasfavorably______________yourpresentation.
我认为老板对你的报告相当满意。
1.ratherthan宁愿……而不愿……;而不是……;与其……倒不如……(连接平行结构)
wouldratherdo...thando...=would________...____________do...宁愿……而不愿……
wouldrather(that)...宁愿……(从句中用一般过去时表示与现在、将来事实相反的虚拟,用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的虚拟)
prefertodo...ratherthando...宁愿……而不愿……
otherthan除了……
orrather更确切地说
(1)Theystudyathomeratherthaninclassrooms.(2011·辽宁,阅读B)
他们宁愿在家学习而不愿在教室里。
(2)Hewasbusywritingaletter____________readingthenewspaper.
他那时是在写信而不是看报纸。
(3)Iprefertogothereonfootratherthan________________________.
我宁愿步行去而不愿坐车去。
写作句组——满分作文之佳句
a.IfIhadtogiveuponeofthem,IwouldturnofftheTVratherthanswitchoffmycellphoneorcutofftheInternet.(2010·安徽)
b.IfIhadtogiveuponeofthem,IwouldpreferturningofftheTVtoswitchingoffmycellphoneorcuttingofftheInternet.(2010·安徽)
c.IfIhadtogiveuponeofthem,I’dratherturnofftheTVthanswitchoffmycellphoneorcutofftheInternet.(2010·安徽)
2.catchsightof看见……;发现……
losesightof看不见
atfirstsight乍看起来
thesightof一看见
insight在看得见的范围内
outofsight在看不见的地方
(1)Icaughtsightofmyoldfriendintowntoday.
今天在城里看见我的老朋友了。
(2)Isawherforamomentbutthen________________________her.
我看到了她一会儿,但很快她就在人群中消失了。
(3)Thelittlebirdwassoon________________________.
那只小鸟马上就消失在视线外了。
3....,Canadahasmorefreshwaterthananyothercountryintheworld.……,加拿大的淡水比世界上任何其他国家都要多。
句式提取:
比较级+than+anyother+单数名词表示最高级
表示最高级意义的几种特殊结构:
(1)never+a+比较级+名词
(2)nothing/no+so+adj./adv.(原级)+as...,nothing/no+比较级+than...
anyoneelse
all(the)other+复数名词
anyoftheother+复数名词
therestof+复数名词或不,可数名词
(3)比较级+than+
(4)can/could+never/not+be+enough/too
(1)Philadelphianowhasmoremurals(壁画)thananyotherAmericancity.
(2011·大纲全国卷,阅读A)
费城现在拥有比美国任何其他城市都多的壁画。
(2)Nootherbookhas______________________mylife.
没有别的书对我的生活有更大的影响了。
(3)AsfarasIamconcerned,nothingis________________thantraveling.
在我看来,没有什么比旅行更令人愉快的了。
Ⅰ.根据课文内容完成语法填空
MycousinandItraveled1.________Canadabytrainfromwesttoeast
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