高考英语阅读理解二轮限时训练精品题12及答案.docx

高考英语阅读理解二轮限时训练精品题12及答案.docx

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高考英语阅读理解二轮限时训练精品题12及答案

2014高考英语阅读理解二轮限时训练精品题（12）及答案

2014高考英语湖北省八校联考】

阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Theissueofprivacyversusopennessisaparadox,particularlywhenitcomestotheAmericanhome.“Lots”or“yards”（gardens）canbelargeandmanyarenotenclosedbythewalls,fencesorhedgessopopularinothercultures.Similarly,“windowtreatments”framethewindow.buttheuseofEuropean-stylenetcurtainstoscreenoutnosyneighborsisrare.Inthesamestyle,first-timevisitorstoanAmericanhomemaybeproudlygiventhefulltour;evenwalk-inclosetsandensuitebathroomsarenotconsideredoff-limits.Theymayalsobeencouragedtohelpthemselvestoasodafromthefridge.Allthisgivesanimpressionofopenness.

YetAmericansdovaluetheirpersonalspaceandprivacy.ABrazilianexpatriate（侨民）whodroppedinonherusuallyfriendlyConnecticutneighborsunannouncedgottheclearimpressionsheshouldhavecalledfirst.Similarlywhileatypicalsuburbanhomefeatureslarge,sharedareas,suchasanopen-plankitchenandfamilyroomor“den”,ampleprivatespaceisalsoallowedinthefloorplan.Avisittoafamilyhomeintheeveningwouldlikelyfindthefamilymembersdispersed,eachindependentlywatchingTV,onthephone,surfingtheInternet,orotherwiserechargingbatteriesintheprivacyoftheirownbedroom.

Americanindividualism,expansiveness,andabundanceareexpressedinlifestyle.Despitethefactthattheaveragehouseholdsizehasdeclinedoverthepastthirtyyearsfrom3.1peopleto2.6peopleperhousehold,theaveragesizeofanewfamilyhomeincreasedduringthesameperiodfrom1,500to2,200squarefeet.

Acommonobservationisjusthowoutsizedeverythingis.Thebedsareking-sized,theTVshavegiantscreens,theburgersare“whoppers（庞然大物）,”appliancesare“industrial”size.Thelargestpopcornorsodaatthemoviescanbe“supersized.”Closetsare“walkin,”andsomecarsarethesizeofamilitaryvehicle.

67.ThepassagesuggeststhatAmericans___________.

A.arerichenoughtoaffordlargesizehousesandluxuriouselectricityappliances

B.areveryshywhentalkingaboutkeepingtheirprivacyandtheirpersonalspace

C.wouldliketoexpresstheirlifestylesinpublictoshowthemoff

D.enjoyopennessaswellasindividualismalthoughtheyseemtocontradicteachother

68.WhycanwesaythatAmericanindividualism,expansiveness,andabundanceareexpressedintheirlifestyle?

A.Becausetheaveragesizeofanewhousehasincreasedduringthepastthirtyyears.

B.BecauseAmericansoftenuseEuropean-stylenetcurtainstoscreenoutnosyneighbors.

C.Becausemanyhousesareequippedwithwalk-inclosets.

D.Becausethehousesize,outsizedhouseholdfurnitureandindependentlivinghabitshaveprovedit.

69.Theunderlinedphraseinthepassagemeans___________.

A.fillingabatterywithelectricalpower

B.recoveringyourstrengthandenergybyrestingforawhile

C.changingyourbatteriesagain

D.obtainingnewbatteriesbecauseoldonesarerunningout

70.Accordingtothepassage,ifyoudropinonanAmericanfamilywhichisusuallyfriendlytoyouintheevening,you____________.

A.willbedeeplyimpressedbytheirfamilyget-togetherscene

B.willbeinvitedtoapartywhichiswell-prepared

C.willfindfamilymembersscattered,andenjoyingthemselvesindividually

D.willbewarmlywelcomedeveniftheydon’tgetinformedofyourvisitearlier

【参考答案】67-70DDBC

阅读理解课堂练学案（16）

PassageNine（TheProgram-FederalGovernmentHelpsMinorityBusiness）

   Federaleffortstoaidminoritybusinessesbeganinthe1960’swhentheSmallBusinessAdministration（SBA）beganmakingfederallyguaranteedloansandgovernment-sponsoredmanagementandtechnicalassistanceavailabletominoritybusinessenterprises.Whilethisprogramenabledmanyminorityentrepreneurstoformnewbusinesses,theresultsweredisappointing,sincemanagerialinexperience,unfavorablelocations,andcapitalshortagesledtohighfailurerates.Even15yearsaftertheprogramwasimplemented,minoritybusinessreceiptswerenotquitetwopercentofthenationaleconomy’stotalreceipts.

   Recentlyfederalpolicymakershaveadoptedanapproachintendedtoacceleratedevelopmentoftheminoritybusinesssectorbymovingawayfromdirectlyaidingsmallminorityenterprisesandtowardsupportinglarge,growth-orientedminorityfirmsthroughintermediarycompanies.Inthisapproach,largecorporationsparticipateinthedevelopmentofsuccessfulandstableminoritybusinessesbymakinguseofgovernment-sponsoredventurecapital.ThecapitalisusedbyaparticipatingcompanytoestablishaMinorityEnterpriseSmallBusinessesthathavepotentialtobecomefuturesuppliersofcustomersofthesponsoringcompany.

   MESBIC’saretheresultofthebeliefthatprovidingestablishedfirmswitheasieraccesstorelevantmanagementtechniquesandmorejob-specificexperience,aswellassubstantialamountsofcapital,givesthosefirmsagreateropportunitytodevelopsoundbusinessfoundationsthandoessimplymakinggeneralmanagementexperienceandsmallamountsofcapitalavailable.Further,sincepotentialmarketsfortheminoritybusinessesalreadyexistthroughthesponsoringcompanies,theminoritybusinessesfaceconsiderablylessriskintermsoflocationandmarketfluctuation.Followingearlyfinancialandoperatingproblems,sponsoringcorporationsbegantocapitalizeMESBIC’sfarabovethelegalminimumof$500,000inordertogeneratesufficientincomeandtosustainthequalityofmanagementneeded.MESBIC’sarenowemergingasincreasinglyimportantfinancingsourcesforminorityenterprises.

   Ironically,MESBICstaffs,whichusuallyconsistofHispanicandBlackprofessionals,tendtoapproachinvestmentsinminorityfirmsmorepragmaticallythandomanyMESBICdirectors,whoareusuallyseniormanagersfromsponsoringcorporations.Thelatteroftenstillthinkmainlyintermsofthe‘socialresponsibilityapproach’andthusseemtopreferdealsthatareriskierandlessattractivethannormalinvestmentcriteriawouldwarrant.Suchdifferencesinviewpointhaveproduceduneasinessamongmanyminoritystaffmembers,whofeelthatminorityentrepreneursandbusinessesshouldbejudgedbyestablishedbusinessconsiderations.ThesestaffmembersbelievetheirpointofviewisclosertotheoriginalphilosophyofMESBIC’sandtheyareconcernedthat,unlessamoreprudentcourseiffollowed,MESBICdirectorsmayreverttopolicieslikelytore-createthedisappointingresultsoftheoriginalSBAapproach.

1.Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthecentralideaofthepassage?

[A]TheuseofMESBIC’sforaidingminorityentrepreneursseemstohavegreaterpotentialforsuccessthandoestheoriginalSBAapproach.

ThereisacrucialdifferenceinpointofviewbetweenthestaffanddirectorsofsomeMESBIC’s.

[C]Afterinitialproblemswithmanagementandmarketing,minoritybusinesseshavebeguntoexpandatasteadyrate.

[D]Minorityentrepreneurswishingtoformnewbusinessesnowhaveseveralequallysuccessfulfederalprogramsonwhichtorely.

2.Accordingtothepassage,theMESBICapproachdiffersfromtheSBAapproachinthatMESBIC’s

[A]seekfederalcontractstoprovidemarketforminoritybusinesses.

Encourageminoritybusinessestoprovidemarketsforotherminoritybusinesses.

[C]Attempttomaintainaspecifiedrateofgrowthintheminoritybusinesssector.

[D]Relyontheparticipationoflargecorporationstofinanceminoritybusinesses.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheSBAprogramcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

[A]Themaximumtermforloansmadetorecipientbusinesseswas15years.

Businessloanswereconsideredtobemoreusefultorecipientbusinessesthanwasmanagementandtechnicalassistance.

[C]Theanticipatedfailurerateforrecipientbusinesseswassignificantlylowerthantheratethatactuallyresulted.

[D]Recipientbusinesseswereencouragedtorelocatetoareasmorefavorableforbusinessdevelopment.

4.Theauthorreferstothe‘financialandoperatingproblems’encounteredbyMESBIC’sprimarilyinorderto

[A]broadenthescopeofthediscussiontoincludethelegalconsiderationsoffundingMESBIC’sthroughsponsoringcompanies.

callattentiontothefactthatMESBIC’smustreceiveadequatefundinginordertofunctioneffectively.

[C]showthatsponsoringcompanieswerewillingtoinvestonly$500,000ofgovernment-sponsoredventurecapitalintheoriginalMESBIC’s.

[D]CompareSBAandMESBIClimitsonminimumfunding.

5.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheattitudeofsomeMESBICstaffmembertowardtheinvestmentspreferredbysomeMESBICdirectorscanbebestdescribedas

[A]disappointing.

Indifferent.

[C]Shocked.

[D]Defensive.

Vocabulary

1.implement         执行，履行

2.growth-oriented         增长潜力的，有发展性的

3.intermediarycompany      中介公司，中间公司

4.venturecapital         风险资本

5.entrepreneur         企业家，创业者

6.fluctuation         波动，涨落，起伏

7.pragmatically         实用地

难句译注

1.   Even15yearsaftertheprogramwasimplementedminoritybusinessreceiptswerenotquitetwopercentofthenationaleconomy’stotalreceipts.

【参考译文】甚至在这个计划执行后15年，少数民族工业的收入还不到全国总收入的2％。

2.   Recentlyfederalpolicymakershaveadoptedanapproachintendedtoacceleratedevelopmentofthesupportinglarge,growthorientedminorityfirmsthroughintermediarycompanies.

【参考译文】最近，联邦决策者采取一项措施，旨在加速少数民族工商业的发展，他们不再直接帮助小型的少数民族企业，而是转向通过中间公司来支持规模较大、有发展潜力的少数民族公司。

3.   Bymakinguseofgovernment-sponsoredventurecapital.

利用政府资助的风险资本。

4.   TheMESBICthenprovidescapitalandguidancetominoritybusinessesthathavepotentialtobecomefuturesuppliersorcustomersof