浙江省嘉兴市学年高一英语月考试题.docx
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浙江省嘉兴市学年高一英语月考试题.docx
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浙江省嘉兴市学年高一英语月考试题
浙江省嘉兴市2017-2018学年高一英语10月月考试题
第I卷
第一部分听力(共两节,满分10分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题0.5分,满分2.5分)
听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Whatisthemanplanningtodo?
A.Makesomecheese.B.Goonatrip.C.FindajobinParis.
2.Whatisthetimenow?
A.8o’clock.B.10o’clock.C.12o’clock.
3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?
A.Alocalartist.B.Theman’ssalary.C.Anapartmenttolet.
4.HowdoesDr.Heathspendmostofhistime?
A.Givinglectures.B.Conductingresearch.C.Doingofficework.
5.WhydoesElainecallPeter?
A.Toborrowhisnotes.B.Toexplainherabsence.C.Todiscussthepresentation.
第二节(共15小题;每小题0.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.WhatisJuliadoing?
A.Askingaboutherorder.
B.Reportingacomputerproblem.
C.Confirmingavisittoacompany.
7.Whenwillthechairsarrivetoday?
A.Atabout10a.m.B.Around12atnoon.C.By4p.m.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?
A.Coursedesign.B.Courseregistration.C.Courseevaluation.
9.Whatcoursedidthewomanchoose?
A.InternationalTrade.B.ModernHistory.C.Chemistry.
10.WhatwillJackdototakemathematics?
A.Waitforanopening.B.Applytothedepartment.C.SpeaktoProfessorAnderson.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
11.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?
A.Inashop.B.Inacanteen.C.Inanoffice.
12.Whatbothersthewoman?
A.Hercomputerisdown.B.Herpaperismissing.C.Herhandisaching.
13.Whenisthewoman’sreportdue?
A.Wednesday.B.Friday.C.NextMonday.
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
14.Whatisthemandoing?
A.Writingabook.B.Preparingalecture.C.Searchingforreferences.
15.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?
A.Makehistopicmorespecific.
B.Getacompletereadinglist.
C.Readatleastsixbooks.
16.Whatisthemangoingtofocuson?
A.Hollywoodinthe1920s.
B.20th-centuryHollywoodmovies.
C.GoldenAgeHollywoodcomedies.
17.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?
A.Studentandteacher.B.Readerandlibrarian.C.Customerandshopassistant.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
18.Whatwilltheweatherbelikeinhighplacesthisevening?
A.There’llbeshowers.B.There’llbeheavymist.C.There’llbestrongwinds.
19.Howwillthedaystartincoastalareastomorrow?
A.Cloudy.B.Rainy.C.Sunny.
20.Whencanholidaymakersexpectgoodweather?
A.Thisweekend.B.Endofthismonth.C.Nextmonth.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共10个小题;每小题2分,满分20分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Whydosomepeoplelivetobeolderthanothers?
Youknowthestandardexplanations:
keepingamoderatediet,engaginginregularexercise,etc.Butwhateffectdoesyourpersonalityhaveonyourlongevity(长寿)?
Dosomekindsofpersonalitiesleadtolongerlives?
AnewstudyintheJournaloftheAmericanGeriatricsSocietylookedatthisquestionbyexaminingthepersonalitycharacteristicsof246childrenofpeoplewhohadlivedtobeatleast100.
Thestudyshowsthatthoselivingthelongestaremoreoutgoing,moreactiveandlessneurotic(神经质的)thanotherpeople.Long-livingwomenarealsomorelikelytobesympathetic(有同情心的)andcooperativethanwomenwithanormallifespan.Thesefindingsareinagreementwithwhatyouwouldexpectfromtheevolutionarytheory:
thosewholiketomakefriendsandhelpotherscangatherenoughresourcestomakeitthroughtoughtimes.
Interestingly,however,othercharacteristicsthatyoumightconsideradvantageoushadnoimpactonwhetherstudyparticipantswerelikelytolivelonger.Thosewhoweremoreself-disciplined,forinstance,werenomorelikelytolivetobeveryold.Also,beingopentonewideashadnorelationshiptolonglife,whichmightexplainallthosebad-temperedoldpeoplewhoarefixedintheirways.
Whetheryoucansuccessfullychangeyourpersonalityasanadultisthesubjectofalongstandingpsychologicaldebate.Butthenewpapersuggeststhatifyouwantlonglife,youshouldfighttobeasoutgoingaspossible.
Unfortunately,anotherrecentstudyshowsthatyourmother’spersonalitymayalsohelpdetermineyourlongevity.Thatstudylookedatnearly28,000Norwegianmothersandfoundthatthosemomswhoweremoreanxious,depressedandangryweremorelikelytofeedtheirkidsunhealthydiets.Patternsofchildhoodeatingcanbehardtobreakwhenwe’readults,whichmaymeanthatkidsofdepressedmomsendupdyingyounger.
Personalityisn’tdestiny(命运),andeveryoneknowsthatindividualscanlearntochange.Butbothstudiesshowthatlonglifeisn’tjustamatterofyourphysicalhealthbutofyourmentalhealth.
21.TheaimofthestudyintheJournaloftheAmericanGeriatricsSocietyis______.
A.toseewhetherpeople’spersonalityaffectstheirlifespan
B.tofindoutifone’slifestylehasanyeffectontheirhealth
C.toinvestigatetheroleofexerciseinlivingalonglife
D.toexamineallthefactorscontributingtolongevity
22.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutoutgoingandsympatheticpeople?
A.Theyhaveagoodunderstandingofevolution.
B.Theyarebetteratnegotiatinganagreement.
C.Theygenerallyappearmoreresourceful.
D.Theyaremorelikelytogetoverhardship.
23.Whatcanwelearnfromthefindingsofthetwonewstudies?
A.Anxietyanddepressionmoreoftenthannotcutshortone’slifespan.
B.Longevityresultsfromacombinationofmentalandphysicalhealth.
C.Personalityplaysadecisiveroleinhowhealthyoneis.
D.Healthisinlargepartrelatedtoone’slifestyle.
B
AsArtificialIntelligence(AI)becomesincreasinglysophisticated(先进的,尖端的),therearegrowingconcernsthatrobotscouldbecomeathreat(威胁).Thisdangercanbeavoided,accordingtocomputerscienceprofessorStuartRussell,ifwefigureouthowtoturnhumanvaluesintoaprogrammablecode.
Russellarguesthatasrobotstakeonmorecomplicatedtasks,it’snecessarytotranslateourmorals(道德)intoAIlanguage.
Forexample,ifarobotdoeschoresaroundthehouse,youwouldn’twantittoputthepetcatintheoventomakedinnerforthehungrychildren.“Youwouldwantthatrobotpreloadedwithagoodsetofvalues,”saidRussell.
Somerobotsarealreadyprogrammedwithbasichumanvalues.Forexample,mobilerobotshavebeenprogrammedtokeepacomfortabledistancefromhumans.Obviouslythereareculturaldifferences,butifyouweretalkingtoanotherpersonandtheycameupcloseinyourpersonalspace,youwouldn’tthinkthat’sthekindofthingaproperlybrought-uppersonwoulddo.
Itwillbepossibletocreatemoresophisticatedmoralmachines,ifonlywecanfindawaytosetouthumanvaluesasclearrules.
Robotscouldalsolearnvaluesfromdrawingpatternsfromlargesetsofdataonhumanbehavior.Theyaredangerousonlyifprogrammersarecareless.
Thebiggestconcernwithrobotsgoingagainsthumanvaluesisthathumanbeingsfailtodosufficienttestingandthey’veproducedasystemthatwillbreaksomekindoftaboo(禁忌).
Onesimplecheckwouldbetoprogramarobottocheckthecorrectcourseofactionwithahumanwhenfacedwithanunusualsituation.
Iftherobotisunsurewhetherananimalissuitableforthemicrowave,ithastheopportunitytostop,sendoutbeeps(嘟嘟声),andaskfordirectionsfromahuman.Ifwehumansaren’tquitesureaboutadecision,wegoandasksomebodyelse.
Themostdifficultstepinprogrammingvalueswillbedecidingexactlywhatwebelieveismoral,andhowtocreateasetofethical(道德伦理的)rules.Butifwecomeupwithananswer,robotscouldbegoodforhumanity.
24.Howdorobotslearnhumanvalues?
A.Byinteractingwithhumansineverydaylifesituations.
B.Byfollowingthedailyroutinesofcivilizedhumanbeings.
C.Bypickinguppatternsfrommassivedataonhumanbehavior.
D.Byimitatingthebehaviorofproperlybrought-uphumanbeings.
25.Whatwillawell-programmedrobotdowhenfacinganunusualsituation?
A.Keepadistancefrompossibledangers.
B.Stoptogetadvicefromahumanbeing.
C.Startitsbuilt-inalarmsystematonce.
D.Doenoughtestingbeforetakingaction.
26.Whatisthemostdifficulttodowhenweturnhumanvaluesintoaprogrammablecode?
A.Determinewhatismoralandethical.
B.Designsomelarge-scaleexperiments.
C.Setrulesforman-machineinteraction.
D.Developamoresophisticatedprogram.
C
Felicia'sfatherHerminio,inFlorida,hastorelyondialysis(透析)tokeephimaliveashewaitsforakidneydonation(捐赠).Thepoormanisbattlingstage5kidneydisease,andhastohaveatransplant(移植).
Felicianotedthatsheandherfatherhadalwaysbeenclose,evenaftershemovedtoKansaswhenshewas13yearsold.Sheaddedthatthedistancebetweenthemhadbecomeespeciallydifficultbecauseofhisillness.
Thewaitinglistcouldtakemonths.Insteadoflettingherfatherwaitforalongtime,Feliciasecretlywentthroughthetestingprocesstoseeifshecouldbeamatchforhisorgandonation.“It'ssoamazingtomethatIcanhelpsavealife—andit'smydad's,”Feliciasaid.Thefatherdaughterduo(二人组)arecurrentlygoingthroughthefinalstagesofteststomakesurethatshecanproceed(继续进行)withtheorgandonation.
WhileFelicia'sdonationwillmostlikelysaveherfather'slife,thefamilyhavetofaceanotherproblem.Herminio'sinsurance(保险)willcovertheexpensesofhissurgerybutnottheadditionalcostsforhismedicationandrecovery.FeliciaandherfamilycreatedtheGoFundMepageinhopesofrai
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