在职攻读硕士学位英语.docx
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在职攻读硕士学位英语.docx
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在职攻读硕士学位英语
历年试题自测
2002年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试题
PaperOne
PartⅠVocabularyandStructure(25minutes,10points)
Directions:
Thereare20incompletesentencesinthissection.Foreachsentencethereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.MarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.
1.ExperimentsinthephotographyofmovingobjectsinboththeUnitedStatesandEuropewellbefore1990.
A.havebeenconductingB.wereconducting
C.hadbeenconductedD.areconducted
2.Afterlongnegotiations,thefirmtobuildadouble-purposebridgeacrosstheriver.
A.contractedB.contactedC.consultedD.convinced
3.Diderotwasalsoaphilosophicalmaterialist,thatthoughtdevelopedfromthemovementsandchangesofmatter.
A.believingB.havebeenlocated
C.believesD.belocating
4.Wefelttodeathbecausewecouldmakenothingofthelecturer’sspeech.
A.exposedB.tiredC.exhaustedD.bored
5.ThepopulationofmanyAlaskancitieshasdoubledinthepastthreeyears.
A.largerthanB.morethanC.asgreatasD.asmanyas
6.Itwasverydifficulttobuildapowerstationinthedeepvalley,butitaswehadhoped.
A.cameoffB.wentoffC.broughtoutD.madeout
7.Ababymightshowfearofanunfamiliaradult,heislikelytosmileandreachouttoanotherinfant.
A.ifB.wheneverC.sothatD.whereas
8.ChristmasisaholidayusuallycelebratedonDecember25ththebirthofJesusChrist.
A.inaccordancewithB.intermsof
C.infavorofD.inhonorof
9.Weather,therewillbeanopenairpartywithlivemusicherethisweekend.
A.permitsB.shouldpermitC.willpermitD.permitting
10.Whenworkersareorganizedintradeunions,employersfindithardtolaythem.
A.offB.asideC.outD.down
11.Thesymbolsofmathematicswearemostfamiliararethesignsofaddition,subtraction,multiplication,divisionandequality.
A.towhichB.whichC.withwhichD.inwhich
12.Themachinesinthisworkshoparenotregulatedbutarejointlycontrolledbyacentralcomputersystem.
A.inevitablyB.individuallyC.irrespectivelyD.irregularly
13.Wearesurethattodothisfacetoface,hewouldfinditdifficulttoexpresshimselfwithoutlosinghistemper.
A.werehetotryB.wouldhetry
C.washetryingD.ifhetries
14.Thelocalpeoplewerejoyfullysurprisedtofindthepricesofvegetablesnolonger______accordingtotheweather.
A.evaluatedB.convertedC.fluctuatedD.modified
15.herealizeditwasalreadytoolateforustoreturnhome.
A.NosooneritgrewdarkwhenB.Hardlyitgrewdarkthan
C.ItwasnotuntildarkthatD.Scarcelyitgrewdarkthan
16.Withoutcomputernetwork,itwouldbeimpossibletocarryonanybusiness
operationintheadvancedcountries.
A.practicallyB.preferablyC.preciselyD.possibly
17.willMr.Forbesbeabletoregaincontrolofthecompany.
A.WithhardworkB.Asregardshishardwork
C.OnlyifheworkshardD.DespitehishardWork
18.Fromtheincidenttheyhavelearnedalesson:
decisionsoftenleadtobitterregrets.
A.urgentB.hastyC.instantD.prompt
19.Whattheteacherofthescienceclassdoesandsaysofgreatimportancetothestudentsatcollege.
A.wasB.areC.isD.were
20.TheChinesecommunitythere,consistingof67,000,isthelargestconcentrationofChineseoutsideAsia.
A.visitorsB.workersC.adultsD.inhabitants
PartⅡReadingComprehension(70minutes,40points)
Directions:
Thereare5passagesinthispart.Eachofthepassagesisfollowedby4questionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemthereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.
PassageOne
IntheUnitedStatesthewaypeoplespendtheirleisuretimeisanimportantpartoftheiridentity.Perhapseverybodydoesnearlythesamethingalldayintheofficeorthefactory,butleisuretimeiswhatmakespeopledistinctandrevealswhotheyare.Somepeoplelikerockmusic,forexample,andothersmaylikejazzorclassicalmusic.Somepeoplearerunnersorswimmers,andothersare“couch(睡椅)potatoes”who“surf”thetelevisionchannelswitharemotecontrol.Somegotomuseumswhileothersspendlonghoursatashoppingcentre.Thesekindsofchoicesarewaysthatpeopledefinethemselves.
Ithasn’talwaysbeenthisway.“Leisuretime”wasalmostunknownintheUnitedStatesintheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies.Whenmostpeopleworkedonfarms,theworkdaywasfromsunrisetosunseteverydayexceptSunday,whichwasdevotedtochurch.Later,withtheriseoffactoriesandcitypopulations,peopleworkedequallylonghoursandhadonlySundayforrest.Somepeopledidmoreofthethingsthanthattheydonow—attendconcerts,haveparties,gotorestaurants,readnovels,orplaysports—buttoamuchlesserextent.
Slowly,throughoutthetwentiethcentury,leisuretimegrew.Technologymadefarmworklessburdensome,andchangesinlawsshortenedthefactoryworkdayandweek.Newinventionssuchasthephonograph(留声机)andtheradiogavepeopleaccesstomusicandmassentertainmentonascaleunknownbefore.Peoplegraduallybecameconsumersofentertainment,andbusinessescompetedfiercelyfortheirdollars.
Formanypeopleleisuretimemeansgoingsomewhere—toamuseum,toaconcert,toarestaurant,ortoabaseballgame,forexample.Oritmeansdoingsomethingsuchasplayingvolleyball,backpacking,swimming,biking,orplayinginaparkwiththeirchildren.Forotherpeoplefreetimemeansstayinghomewithwonderfulsourcesofentertainment,suchasaVCR,stereo(立体声系统),orcableTVwithdozensofchannels.Otherspursuecreativeactivitiessuchascooking,gardening,andhomeimprovement.Thelateststay-at-homeactivityis“surfingthenet”—thatislookingforinformationandentertainmentontheInternet.
PeopleintheUnitedStatesarebasicallynotmuchdifferentfromothersinwhattheydointheirleisuretime.Therealdifferencemaylieintheenergy,time,money,andsheerenthusiasmthattheydevotetoit.
21.“Couchpotatoes”inparagraph1referstothosewho.
A.controltheirviewingofTVprograms
B.B.arehappywatchingsituationcomedies
C.watchTVwhileeatingpotatochips
D.arecrazyaboutwatchingTVprograms
22.Accordingtothepassage,intheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies,someAmericans.
A.workedfromsunrisetosunsetsevendaysaweek
B.preferredworkinginfactoriestoworkingonfarms
C.hadmanyoftheleisuretimeactivitiesthatpeoplenowhave
D.foughtforshorterworkinghoursandmoreleisuretime
23.Apartfromtechnology,thegrowingleisuretimethroughoutthetwentiethcenturyisalsodueto.
A.changesinlawsB.massentertainment
C.newtypesofconsumptionD.competitivebusinesses
24.Intermsofleisuretimeactivities,peopleintheUnitedStates.
A.enjoyalargervarietythanpeopleinothercountries
B.arenotmuchdifferentfrompeopleinothercountries
C.enjoymorestay-at-homeactivitiessuchas“surfingthenet”
D.arelessenergeticandenthusiasticthanothers
PassageTwo
Whetheryouareloggingontoyourpersonalcomputer,usingacreditcard,ordisarmingadoorsecuritysystem,passwordsorPINs(personalidentificationnumbers)jealouslyguardaccesstonumerousregularoperations.Itisestimatedthatwithintenyears,consumerscouldbefacedwithhandlingmorethan100passwords!
Giventhepopularityofpasswords,howcanyouchooseonesthataresufficientlycomplicatedtobesecureyetaresimpleenoughtoremember?
Therearebasicguidelinestobearinmind.First,don’tuseasapasswordyournameorthatofamemberofyourfamily,eveninmodifiedform.Alsoavoiduseofyourtelephonenumber,yourSocialSecuritynumber,oryouraddress.Suchinformationcaneasilybeobtainedbyadeterminedhacker(黑客).
Inaddition,ifpossible,don’tusepasswordsmadeupentirelyoflettersordigits.Arelativelysimplecomputerprogramcancracksuchacodequickly.Finally,donotuseawordthatcanbefoundinanydictionary,evenaforeign-languageone.Hugelistsareavailablethatcontainwords,placenames,andpropernamesfromalllanguages.Programscantestforvariationsofthesewords,suchasiftheyarespelledbackward,capitalized,orcombined.
So,whatkindsofpasswordsshouldbeused?
Usuallyonesthathaveaminimumofsixtoeightcharactersandthathaveamixtureofupper-andlower-caseletters,digits,andpunctuation(标点)symbols.Howdifficultisittocracksuchacombinationofcharacters?
Onesourcesaysthat“amachinethatcouldtryonemillionpasswordspersecondwouldrequire,ontheaverage,overonehundredyears.”
Howcanyouchooseacombinationthatiseasytoremember?
Somesuggestthatyoutakethetitleofafavoritebookorfilmoralinefromasongorpoemandusethefirstletterfromeachwordasyourpassword,addingcapitalletters,punctuation,orothercharacters.Forexample,“tobeornottobe”couldbecome“2B/not2B”.
Othersuggestionsincludetakingtwoshortwordsandlinkthemwithapunctuationcharacter,suchas“High.?
Bug”or“Song;Tree”.
Takingintoaccountthesuggestionsoutlinedabovecanhelpyoutoprotectimportantinformationfromunwantedhackers.Remember,too,theimportanceofchangingyourpasswordsregularly.Justafinalcomment:
Whateverpasswordsyoudecidetouse,don’tpickanyoftheexamplesgivenabove.
25.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A.Howtostrengthensecuritythroughapassword.
B.Howtochooseapasswordthatiseasytoremember.
C.Howtopreventyourpasswordfrombeingcracked.
D.Howtochooseasafeandconvenientpassword
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