中考英语 语法专题突破 专题八 动词 人教新目标版.docx
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中考英语 语法专题突破 专题八 动词 人教新目标版.docx
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中考英语语法专题突破专题八动词人教新目标版
2019-2020年中考英语语法专题突破专题八动词人教新目标版
考查点
年份
题号
考查角度
选项设置
分值
名词词
义辨析
2015
42
动词词义辨析
read/watch/guess/listen
1分
46
动词词义辨析
rest/shake/look/work
1分
50
动词词义辨析
save/help/care/relax
1分
2014
35
感官动词辨析
smells/tastes/feels/sounds
1分
48
动词词义辨析
asked/told/replied/spoke
1分
49
动词词义辨析
boring/buy/take/sell
1分
2013
46
动词词义辨析
mind/keep/like/remember
1分
55
动词词义辨析
moves/happens/appears/develops
1分
2012
46
动词词义辨析
moves/comes/returns/leaves
1分
48
动词词义辨析
won/began/failed/ended
1分
50
动词词义辨析
tried/forgot/stopped/remembered
1分
2011
37
感官动词辨析
feels/sounds/tastes/smells
1分
47
动词词义辨析
liked/hated/found/lost
1分
50
动词词义辨析
happened/changed/ended/appeared
1分
类别
功能
例词
表示状态
表示主语所处的状态。
am,is,are,was,were
表示持续
表示主语继续或保持某种身份和状态。
keep,remain,stay,stand,lie
表示感官
表示人体感官的系动词。
look,feel,smell,taste,sound
表示状态
变化
表示主语从一种状态变换到另一种状态。
become,get,go,grow,turn
分类
作用
be
am/is/are+现在分词→现在进行时
was/were+现在分词→过去进行时
be+过去分词→被动语态
do
形式有do,does,did,用于构成疑问句和否定句,或用在动词前加强语气
have
have/has+过去分词→现在完成时
had+过去分词→过去完成时
have+been+现在分词→现在完成进行时
will/shall
will/shall+动词原形→一般将来时
would/should+动词原形→过去将来时
形式
构成
例词
动词原形
不带to的动词不定式形式。
be,do,have,come
第三人称
单数
一般在动词原形后直接加s。
work→works
read→reads
以s,o,x,z,sh,ch结尾的动词,后加es。
go→goes
wash→washes
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,应将y改为i再加es。
fly→flies
study→studies
过去式与
过去分词
一般在动词原形后直接加ed。
work→worked
stay→stayed
在以e结尾的动词后只加d。
close→closed
like→liked
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,应将y改为i再加ed。
study→studied
carry→carried
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写此辅音字母再加ed。
stop→stopped
plan→planned
现在分词
一般在动词原形后直接加ing。
sleep→sleeping
wait→waiting
以不发音的e结尾的动词,去e再加ing。
smile→smiling
move→moving
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写此辅音字母再加ing。
sit→sitting
dig→digging
plan→planning
少数以ie结尾的动词,变ie为y,再加ing。
die→dying
lie→lying
C.contactD.connect
( )10.(2015无锡中考)—Theschoolnetworkwillbeshutdownforsafetyreasons.
—Thatdoesn't________meatall.I'mnotanetworm,anyway.
A.satisfyB.surprise
C.worryD.include
( )11.(2015邯郸35中模拟)Mybrother________tomovetheheavybox,butIdidn'tgiveup.
A.remindedB.refused
C.agreedD.considered
( )12.(2015秦皇岛中考模拟)Thegirlisgreatlyinterestedinthesong.Thelyricsofit________herthoughtsandfeelings.
A.expressB.discuss
C.expectD.imagine
( )13.(2015唐山一模)—I'msorryIleftmyhomeworkathome.ShallIgoand________it?
—No,youneedn't.Bringitheretomorrow.
A.get B.send C.take D.pass
( )14.(2015承德中考模拟)—Whoreachedthestationontime?
—I________!
Infact,Iarrivedthere5minutesearlier.
A.was B.reached C.did D.do
( )15.(2015廊坊中考模拟)Idon't________theheat,forI'musedtohotweather.
A.like B.mind C.know D.stand
( )16.(2016原创预测)Heisanhonestboy.Ihavenoreasonto________whathesaid.
A.hear B.doubt C.repeat D.believe
( )17.(2016原创预测)It________abouteightminutesforsunlight(阳光)totravelfromthesuntotheearth.
A.takesB.spends
C.costsD.pays
( )18.(2016原创预测)Healwaysdoesn'tknowwhereto________forvacation.
A.go B.lead C.make D.invite
( )19.(2016原创预测)Weallknowthatlearningaforeignlanguage________timeandeffort.
A.requiresB.reduces
C.removesD.repeats
( )20.(2016原创预测)—Igotamessagesayingmyphonenumberwonaprizeworth$3,000.
—Toogoodtobetrue.Don't________it.
A.do B.hold C.make D.believe
( )21.(2016原创预测)AlthoughLucyisonlythreeyearsold,sheisableto________herself.
A.put B.make C.wear D.dress
( )22.(2016原创预测)ThelocalpeoplelikethatItalianrestaurantbecauseit________bothdeliciousfoodandgoodservice.
A.usesB.wants
C.sharesD.provides
第二节 动词短语
河北中考五年命题规律及趋势
考查点
年份
题号
考查角度
选项设置
分值
动词短语
2015
35
动词短语辨析
lookfor/pay__for/askfor/waitfor
1分
48
动词短语辨析
giveup/put__down/pickup/thinkabout
1分
2014
36
get短语辨析
getup/get__off/getto/getin
1分
52
动词短语辨析
takeout/cutoff/putdown/pick__up
1分
84
动词短语
turned__on
1分
2013
41
动词短语辨析
takedown/turnup/takeaway/turn__off
1分
53
动词短语辨析
lookingfor/worryingabout/waiting__for/
thinkingabout
1分
2012
39
down短语辨析
cutdown/lookdown/turndown/put__down
1分
2011
35
take短语辨析
takeoutof/take__care__of/takepartin/takeawayfrom
1分
河北中考单项选择题对动词短语的考查主要偏向take/turn/put/down短语等。
考查形式主要集中在三个方面:
①同一动词+不同介词,如2014年36题的get短语,2011年35题的take短语;②不同动词+同一介词,如2012年39题的down短语;③不同动词+不同介词,如2013年的41题。
设题形式为简单句,词数多为9~13。
预测2016年河北中考的单项选择题会考查动词短语辨析。
河北中考重难点突破
【考点抢测】
( )1.—It'shottoday,isn'tit?
—Yes,itis.Whynot________yourjacket?
A.takecare B.takeplace
C.takeafterD.takeoff
( )2.Tokeephealthy,manypeople________everyday.
A.takeashowerB.takepride
C.takealookD.takeexercise
( )3.(2015保定8中模拟)Ihave________mywatcheverywhere.ButIcannotfindit.
A.lookedatB.lookedup
C.lookedforD.lookedafter
( )4.Againandagainthedoctor________thecryingbabygirlbuthecouldn'tfindoutwhatwaswrongwithher.
A.lookedoverB.lookedafter
C.lookedforD.lookedout
( )5.Therearen'tmanyticketsleftfortheconcert,soyou'dbetter________thatyougetonetoday.
A.makesureofB.makeadecision
C.makesureD.makeplans
( )6.Thefiremensoon________thebigfire.
A.putoffB.putup
C.putoutD.puton
( )7.(2015邯郸25中模拟)TheOlympicGamesof2016will________inBrazil.
A.takeafterB.takeoff
C.takeplaceD.takeaway
( )8.We'll________anEnglishplaySnowWhiteduringthisyear'sArtFestival.
A.lookupB.lookout
C.putoffD.puton
( )9.Becauseofthebadweather,wehaveto________themeetingtillnextweek.
A.takeoffB.getoff
C.putoffD.setoff
( )10.Mybikeisbroken.Couldyouhelpmeto________?
A.fixitupB.setitup
C.makeitupD.putitup
( )11.Theheavysnowdidn't________theinternationalairlines.
A.payattentionto
B.addto
C.makeadifferenceto
D.keepto
( )12.ThismorningI________somenewrestaurantsontheInternetforIwantedtotakeMiatoanicerestaurantforherbirthday.
A.pickedupB.lookedup
C.cleanedupD.gaveup
( )13.(2015承德2中模拟)—Alice,couldyouhelpme________themeat?
Iwanttomakesomedumplingsfordinner.
—OK.I'lldoitrightaway.
A.putupB.giveup
C.useupD.cutup
( )14.Don't________sooften.It'sbadforyourhealth.
A.getupB.stayup
C.lookupD.comeup
( )15.Hefailedinthemathtestandlookssad.Let's________.
A.puthimupB.sethimup
C.cheerhimupD.cleanhimup
( )16.(2015石家庄42中模拟)Moreandmorestudents________toomuchhomeworkandtheyarereallytiredofit.
A.complainaboutB.careabout
C.learnaboutD.hearabout
( )17.It'scoldoutside.________yoursweaterbeforeyougoout.
A.PutonB.Turnon
C.PutupD.Giveup
( )18.ThepeopleinYa'anhavemetlotsofdifficulties,buttheyhaven't________hope.
A.pickedupB.givenup
C.lookedforD.waitedfor
( )19.Iamtootired.Idon'tknowhowto______theproblem.
A.careaboutB.dealwith
C.dependonD.worryabout
【满分点拨】
动词短语在意义上相当于一个实义动词。
动词短语辨析是近年来各省市中考常考点,同一个动词与不同介词或副词的搭配、不同动词与同一个介词或副词的搭配会产生不同意义的动词短语。
动词短语的词义辨析试题旨在通过题干或微型语境考查考生对上下文的理解、动词短语的不同搭配识别、记忆及动词短语词义的辨析并恰当运用动词短语的能力。
分析河北近5年中考真题可看出单项选择对动词短语的考查主要集中在三方面:
(1)同一动词+不同介词;
(2)不同动词+同一介词;(3)不同动词+不同介词。
A.同一动词+不同介词。
如:
get短语:
getup,getoff,getto,getin
turn短语:
turnon,turnoff,turnup,turndown
B.不同动词+同一介词。
如:
cutdown,lookdown,turndown,putdown
putup,getup,lookup,wakeup
C.不同动词+不同介词。
如:
puton,takeoff,lookfor,cutdown
河北中考考点精练
( )1.(2015鄂州中考)—Ihopetobeavolunteeronweekends.
—Youcouldhelpto________thecityparks.
A.cheerup B.makeup
C.takeupD.cleanup
( )2.(2015淄博中考)Hurryup!
Theplanewill________atsixo'clock.
A.putoffB.takeoff
C.getoffD.turnoff
( )3.(2015攀枝花中考)Don't________toolate,oryouwillfeeltirednextday.
A.wakeupB.getup
C.stayupD.showup
( )4.(2015抚顺中考)Don'tworry.Icanhelpyou________yourpetcatwhenyougoonatrip.
A.lookupB.lookat
C.lookafterD.looklike
( )5.(2015乌鲁木齐中考)—Haveyoureadlittlewomenyet?
—Yes.ItwassofantasticthatIcouldn't________.
A.putitoffB.putitdown
C.putitawayD.putitup
( )6.(2015昆明中考)—Waiter,Iorderedbeefnoodles,
butIcan'tseeanybeefinthenoodles!
—________yourglassesandyoucanseethebeef.
A.PutoffB.Putup
C.PutonD.Putinto
( )7.(2015随州中考)Asweknow,manysuccessful
peoplenever________nomatterwhatdifficultiesthey'vehad.
A.stayupB.cheerup
C.takeupD.giveup
( )8.(2015河南中考)Janeisverybusythesedays,forshehasalotofproblemsto________.
A.dealwithB.keepupwith
C.agreewithD.comeupwith
( )9.(2015孝感中考)—Theseproblemsaretoohardto________.Willyougivemesomeadvice?
—Therearemanyways.Themostimportantistohaveacarefulplan.
A.handoutB.workout
C.lookoutD.breakout
( )10.(2015莱芜中考)________!
It'snottheendoftheworld.Let'stryagain.
A.PutupB.Setup
C.CheerupD.Pickup
( )11.(2015十堰中考)________thesepastthreeyears,Iremembermanythings.
A.Lookingupto
B.Lookingout
C.Lookingbackat
D.Lookingafter
( )12.(2015宜昌中考)—TheorganizationWildAidis________toprotectwildanimals.
—Ithasdonealotsofar.
A.cheeredupB.pickedup
C.takenupD.setup
( )13.(2015邢台二模)Springhascome.Wecan't________theplan.Thetreesmustbeplantedthisweek.
A.putoffB.makeup
C.comeupwithD.lookup
( )14.(2015保定8中模拟)—Whenwill______yournewbook________?
—Ithasnotbeendecidedyet.
A.findoutB.comeout
C.lookupD.setup
( )15.(2015唐山9中模拟)Thisbusdoesn'tgotothetrainstation.I'mafraidyou'llhaveto________atthelibraryandtaketheA52.
A.takeoffB.putoff
C.getoffD.turnoff
( )16.(2015承德2中
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