最新03到13年专四词汇和语法真题及答案详解.docx
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最新03到13年专四词汇和语法真题及答案详解.docx
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最新03到13年专四词汇和语法真题及答案详解
2003年----2013年英语专业四级语法词汇答案详解
2013年
51.Facingtheboardofdirectors,hedidn’tdeny________breakingtheagreement.
A.himB.itC.hisD.its
解析:
动名词可以有自己的逻辑主语,一般可以用名词所有格Tom's,代词宾格如him(口语),书面语情况下一般用物主代词his,their。
本题选C。
52.Xinchunreturnedfromabroadadifferentman.Theitalicizedpartfunctionsasa(n)_______.
A.appositive(同位语)B.objectC.adverbialD.complement.
解析:
这些一般语法书也会提到,但是题目里的都不是这种现象,很多语法书对主语补语的介绍也就到此为止。
好在这本书多介绍了一点,但情况很微妙。
此书又说Moreproblematicistheconstituentfollowingotherverbsthatcouldbeusedintransitivelywiththesamemeaning,asin:
SaintEthelbertwasbornaSaxonprincess.(shewasborn)Hereturnedabrokenman.(hereturned)Hediedyoung.(hedied)WeshallconsidersuchconstituentsasComplementsonthestrengthofthepossibleparaphrasecontainingbe(Whenhereturnedhewasabrokenman;Whenhediedhewasyoung).这部分恰好就是本题所代表的类型,但是从该书作者表述来看,他们也承认这样的句子很不一般,不太容易轻易判定是否为主语补语,在本书里,作者认为可以看作是主语补语,因为大概可以改写成含有系动词be的句子,但作者的措辞显然没有那么肯定,有待商榷的意思。
据此,本题可以选D,是主语补足语。
53.Whichofthefollowingisacompoundword(复合词)?
A.NonsmokerB.DeadlineC.MeannessD.Misfit
解析:
首先要知道什么是复合词。
Acompoundisawordthatconsistsofmorethanonefreemorpheme。
所谓morpheme词素是最小的音义结合体,其最大的特点是不能再被分割为更小的音义结合体。
而freemorpheme是指能独立存在使用的词素,boundmorpheme则是必须依附于其他单位的词素,比如前缀后缀属于boundmorpheme,如pre-,-ment,在单词shipment里,ship就是freemorpheme,-ment则是bound。
因此四个选项里只有deadline是由两个freemorpheme构成(dead+line),其他三个都有Boundmorpheme比如non,ness,mis-等。
54.Whichofthefollowingsentencescontainssubjunctivemood?
A.Lucyinsistedthathersongethomebefore5o'clock.
B.Sheusedtodrivetowork,butnowshetakesthecitymetro.
C.Walkstraightahead,anddon'tturntillthesecondtrafficlights.
D.PaulwillcancelhisflightifhecannotgethisvisabyFriday.
解析:
subjunctivemood是指虚拟语气,四个选项里只有A的insist属于虚拟语气用法,其中that从句里省略了should。
55.Thefollowingdeterminers(限定词)canbeusedwithbothpluralanduncountablenounsEXCEPT__________.
A.moreB.enoughC.manyD.such
解析:
限定词的用法是近几年专四的热门考点,诸如some,many,both,all,each等用法究竟如何还是希望大家多翻阅语法书和词典。
这道题看似有点难度,也许你从来不知道哪个限定词可以接名词复数和不可数名词,但好在备选项里每个单词你都可以去接名词试试就知道了,比如moremoney,moretrees;enoughmoney,enoughtrees;manymoney?
manytrees;suchbigtrees,suchbehavior.所以选C。
56.WhichoftheitalicizedpartsindicatesCONTRAST?
A.Sheopenedthedoorandquietlywentin.
B.VictorialikesmusicandSamisfondofsports.
C.Thinkitoveragainandyou'llgetananswer.
D.Heissomewhatarrogant,andIdon'tlikethis.
解析:
首先要明白and不一定表示并列。
A,C里的and表示先后;D里的and表示递进;只有B里的and表示对比。
57.WhichofthefollowingCANNOTbeusedasanominalsubstitute(名词替代词)?
A.MuchB.NeitherC.OneD.Quarter
解析:
所谓名词替代词顾名思义就是指能代替名词或名词短语,避免重复的词,英语里one,ones,(the)same等都是常见的。
比如Therearegoodfilmsaswellasbadones.除此以外还有thekind,thesort,比如Slangdisappearsquickly,especiallythejuvenilesort.还有一些不定代词等比如all,both,some,anyenough,several,none,many,much,(a)few,(a)little,theother,others,another,either,neither等,比如Canyougetmesomenails?
Ineedsome.Idon’twantanymorefood.I’vehadenough.本题选D,quarter不是名词替代词。
58.AllthefollowingsentencesdefinitelyindicatefuturetimeEXCEPT__.
A.MotheristohaveteawithAuntBettyatfour.
B.ThePresidentiscomingtotheUNnextweek,
C.Theschoolpupilswillbehomebynow.
D.Heisgoingtoemailmethenecessaryinformation.
解析:
这道题既考查时态,又考查will的用法,A/B/D都是将来时的各种表达,唯独C的will,看似是将来时标志,其实不然,因为和bynow矛盾,这里will的用法是指youthinksomethingistrue,表说话人自己的看法,比如ThatwillbeTimcominghomenow;Askanyoneandtheywilltellyouthesamething.本题选C。
59.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisgrammaticallyINCORRECT?
A.Politicsaretheartorscienceofgovernment.
B.Tenmilesseemslikealongwalktome.
C.Mumpsisakindofinfectiousdisease.
D.Allthefurniturehasarrivedundamaged.
解析:
本题考查主谓一致(agreement/concord)。
tenmiles看作整体单数,mumps腮腺炎这个单词就是以s结尾的,不可数名词;furniture在英语里是不可数名词;A里的politics并不是指政治,而是指政治学(politicalscience),是不可数名词,但这个用法主要是英式英语。
此外,politics表示政治可以看作不可数名词,也可以看作复数,比如Politicshavealwaysinterestedme.本题选A。
60.Whichofinthefollowingphrasesindicatesasubject-predicaterelationship?
A.ThearrivalofthetouristsB.ThelawofNewton
C.TheoccupationoftheislandD.TheplaysofOscarWilde
解析:
章振邦的书拿到手后果然发现了他的讲解,基本就是原句。
第五版的55页,名词属格和of-词组一节说:
名词属格和of-词组在意义和用法上有许多相同之处,比如thetrunkofanelephant=anelephant'strunk,表示主谓关系有thearrivaloftheprimeminister;表示动宾关系theoccupationoftheIsland;表来源thelawofNewton。
因此据此本题选A。
但我要吐槽的是先不说我手上其他参考书根本没有讲到,就这种主谓关系,动宾关系的说法我就不太同意,因为所谓词组的主谓关系和动宾关系是汉语语法里的说法,英语里说主谓自然指的是句子,一个名词短语何来主谓之说?
61.Whichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsservesasanappositive?
A.Heisnotthemantodrawback.
B.Tonyhitbacktheurgetotellalie.
C.Larryhasalargefamilytosupport.
D.Thereisreallynothingtofear.
解析:
不定式作为名词的后置修饰语时,不定式和名词之间的搭配关系是主谓A中的themandrawback,也可以是C和D的动宾tofearnothing,tosupportfamily;有时候也是同为关系,比如urge(冲动)的内容就是指totellalie撒谎,故为同位语。
62.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanimperativesentence?
A.Letmedriveyouhome,shallI?
B.Youwillmindyourownbusiness.
C.Comeandhavedinnerwithus.D.Iwishyoucouldstaybehind.
解析:
除了直接用动词打头,Do/Don't,You/其他唤名+动词,let类型外,均没有见到D的wish类型。
更常见的应该是Youmindyourownbusiness。
如果说Youwillmindyourownbusiness是祈使句,那么Youwillseehimnow岂不是也是祈使句?
这显然说不通。
其实Youwillmindyourownbusiness要有祈使句功能,还跟语气语调有很大关系,应该念成YouWILLmindyourownbusiness!
而不是YOUwillmindyourownbusiness.
63.Ifit_______tomorrow,thematchwouldbeputoff.
A.weretorainB.wastorainC.wasrainingD.hadrained
解析:
最经典的If条件虚拟句,说的是将来,应该选A.
64.Whichofthefollowingsentencesexpressesafact?
A.Maryandhersonmustbehomebynow.B.Carelessreadingmustgivepoorresults.C.It’sgettinglate,andImustleavenow.D.Hemustbeworkinglateattheoffice.
解析:
尽管C里的must是表示主观必须(C只有前半句是fact,后半句谈不上什么事实)。
问题在于如何理解B的must。
在EnglishGrammar:
AUniversityCourse一书里有一节谈到must的logicalnecessity用法问题,作者说在英式英语里有用must表示逻辑上的必定如此,尽管美国人更喜欢用haveto。
比如IfJaneisPat'ssisterandJillisJane'sdaughter,PatmustbeJill'saunt.此时PatmustbeJill'saunt就相当于不用情态动词的陈述句PatisJill'saunt.如此极端的例子才能说明这是逻辑上的必然,Carelessreadingmustgivepoorresults.和Carelessreadinggivespoorresults.还是不一样的。
用must表示必然,也是一种推测或推断,其口气最为肯定,一般用于肯定陈述句”由此来看,再如何肯定那也是一种推断,不是fact。
65.Thefollowingarealldynamicverbs(动态动词)EXCEPT__________.
A.remainB.turnC.writeD.knock
解析:
动态动词是指能够延续持续动作的,比如hit,run等,相反的则是StativeVerb静态动词,比如know.现在进行时是常见检验手段。
你不能说Iamknowingtheanswer,只能说Iknowtheanswer,因此know是静态动词。
同理,题目的A选项remain也是静态动词,其他都是动态动词。
66.__________toschoollifewaslessdifficultthanthepupilhadexpected.
A.AdheringB.AdoptingC.AdjustingD.Acquainting
解析:
这题没啥好说的,适应学校生活adjusttoschoollife,选C。
67.Heisfedupwiththesameolddrearyroutine,andwantstoquithisjob.Theunderlinedpartmeans__________.
A.dullB.boringC.longD.hard
解析:
dreary指dull,选A。
但有词典指出boring也是近义词,外教也表示AB均可。
所以B也是对的
68.Atlastnight’spartyLarrysaidsomethingthatIthoughwasbeyondme.Theunderlinedpartmeans__________.
A.IwasunabletodoB.Icouldn’tunderstandC.IwasunabletostopD.Icouldn’ttolerate
解析:
bebeyondsomebody指tobetoodifficultforsomeonetounderstand.故选B。
2012年
51.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisINCORRECT?
A.Twentymilesseemslikealongwalktohim.
B.Nooneexcepthissupportersagreewithhim.
C.NeitherJulianorIweregoingtotheparty.
D.Fewstudentsinmyclassarereallylazy.
52.Whichofthefollowingdeterminers(限定词)canbeplacedbeforebothsingularcountnounsandpluralcountnouns?
A.manyaB.fewC.suchD.thenext
53.Whichofthefollowingreflexivepronouns(反身代词)isusedasanappositive(同位语)?
A.Hepromisedhimselfrapidprogress.B.ThemanagerherselfwillinterviewMary.C.Ihavenothingtosayformyself.D.Theyquarreledthemselvesredintheface.54.Mybossorderedthatthelegaldocuments_____tohimbeforelunch.
A.besentB.weresentC.weretobesentD.mustbesent55.WhichofthefollowingsentencesexpressesWILLINGNESS?
A.Bynowshewillbeeatingdinner.B.Ishallneverdothatagain.
C.Mybrotherwillhelpyouwiththeluggage.D.Youshallgetapromotion.
56.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisINCORRECT?
A.Howstrangefeelingstheyare!
B.Howdareyouspeaktomelikethat!
C.Whatnoisetheyaremaking!
D.Whatamesswearein!
57.Whichoftheitalicizedpartsfunctionsasasubject?
A.Weneverdoubtthatherbrotherishonest.
B.Theproblemisnotwhowillgobutwhowillstay.
C.Youmustgiveitbacktowhoeveritbelongsto.
D.Itisclearthatthecrimewasdonedeliberately.
58.Whichoftheitalicizedpartsfunctionsasanobject?
A.Hedoesn‟tliketheideaofmyspeakingatthemeeting.
B.Itisnouseyourpretendingnottoknowthematter.
C.Myparentsstronglyobjecttomygoingoutaloneatnight.
D.Herfallingintotheriverwastheclimaxofthewholetrip.
59.AllthefollowingsentenceshaveanappositiveEXCEPT_____.
A.Sheboughtherselfapairofnewshoes
B.Onlyoneproblemstillremains—thefood
C.Myfriendsallunderstandandsupportme
D.Shelikedhercurrentjob,teachingEnglish
60.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainsthemeaningof“Shallwebuytheticketsfirst”?
A.Hesaidthatweweregoingtobuytheticketsfirst.
B.Herequestedthatwebuytheticketsfirst..
C.Hesuggestedthatwebuytheticketsfirst.
D.Headvisedustobuytheticketsfirst.
61.Whichofthefollowingcontainsanadverbialclauseofcause?
A.IgotajobassoonasIleftuniversity.
B.Astherewasnoanswer,Iwroteagain.
C.YoumustdotheexercisesasIshowyou.
D.Wealthyasheis,Markisnotahappyman.
62.Whichofthefollowingprepositionalphrases
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