北京学位英语B卷真题及答案.docx
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北京学位英语B卷真题及答案.docx
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北京学位英语B卷真题及答案
北京2009年4月学位英语B卷真题
PartIReadingComprehension(30%)
Directions:
Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.
Passage1
Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
(76)Muchunfriendlyfeelingtowardscomputershasbeenbasedonthefearofwidespreadunemploymentresultingfromtheirintroduction.Computersareoftenusedaspartofautomatedproductionsystemsrequiringaleastpossiblenumberofoperators,causingthelossofmanyjobs.Thishashappened,forexample,inmanysteelworks.
Ontheotherhand,computersdocreatejobs.Theyaremoreskilledandbetterpaid,thoughfewerinnumberthanthosetheyreplace.Manyactivitiescouldnotcontinueintheirpresentformwithoutcomputers,nomatterhowmanypeopleareemployed.Examplesarethecheckclearingsystemofmajorbanksandtheweatherforecastingsystem.
Whenafirmintroducescomputers,afewpeopleareusuallyemployedinkeyposts(suchasjobsofoperationsmanagers)whileotherstaffarere-trainedasoperators,programmers,anddatapreparationstaff.(77)Afterthenewsystemhassettleddownpeopleinnon-computerjobsarenotalwaysreplacedwhentheyleave,resultinginadecreaseinthenumberofemployees.Thisdecreaseissometimesbalancedbyasubstantialincreaseintheactivityofthefirm,resultingfromtheintroductionofcomputers.
Theattitudesofworkerstowardscomputersvary.Thereisfearofwidespreadunemploymentandofthetakeoverofmanyjobsbycomputer-trainedworkers,makingpromotionforolderworkersnotskilledincomputersmoredifficult.
Ontheotherhand,manyworkersregardthetrendtowardwideruseofcomputersinevitable.Theyrealizethatcomputersbringaboutgreaterefficiencyandproductivity,whichwillimprovetheconditionofthewholeeconomy,andleadtothecreationofmorejobs.ThisviewwassupportedbytheformerBritishPrimeMinister,JamesCallaghanin1979,whenhemadethepointthatnewtechnologiesholdthekeytoincreasedproductivity,whichwillbenefittheeconomyinthelongrun.
1.Theunfriendlyfeelingtowardscomputersisdevelopedfrom .
A.thepossiblewidespreadunemploymentcausedbytheirintroduction
B.theiruseaspartofautomatedproductionsystems
C.theleastpossiblenumberofoperators
D.theproductionsysteminsteelworks
2.TheunderlinedwordThey(Line1,Par.2)refersto .
A.computers
B.jobs
C.activities
D.systems
3.AccordingtoParagraph2,withoutcomputers .
A.humanactivitiescouldnotcontinue
B.therecouldnotbeweatherforecastingsystems
C.manyactivitieswouldhavetochangetheirpresentform
D.bankswouldnotbeabletogoonwithcheckclearing
4.Accordingtothepassage,whatresultsfromtheintroductionofcomputers?
A.Afterre-training,allemployeesinthefirmgetnewjobs.
B.Aconsiderableproportionofpeopleareemployedinkeyposts.
C.Thefirmkeepsallofitsoriginalstaffmembers.
D.Thedecreaseinstaffmembersmaybebalancedbytheincreaseoffirmactivities.
5.JamesCallaghan'sattitudetowardscomputerscanbebestdescribedas .
A.doubtful
B.regretful
C.unfriendly
D.supportive
Passage2
Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Thevitaminsnecessaryforahealthybodyarenormallysuppliedbyagoodmixeddiet,includingavarietyoffruitsandgreenvegetables.(78)Itisonlywhenpeopletrytoliveonaveryrestricteddietthatitisnecessarytomakespecialprovisiontosupplythemissingvitamins.
Anexampleofthedangersofarestricteddietmaybeseeninthediseaseknownasberi-beri.(79)ItusedtodistresslargenumbersofEasternpeopleswholivedmainlyonrice.Intheearlyyearsofthiscentury,ascientistnamedEijkmanwastryingtodiscoverthecauseofberi-beri.Atfirsthethoughtitwascausedbyagerm.HewasworkinginaJapanesehospital,wherethepatientswerefedonpolishedricewhichhadtheouterhusk removedfromthegrain.Itwasthoughtthiswouldbeeasierforweakandsickpeopletodigest.
Eijkmanthoughthisgermtheorywasconfirmedwhenhenoticedthechickensinthehospitalyard,whichwerefedonleftovers(剩饭)fromthepatients'plates,werealsoshowingsignsofthedisease.Hethentriedtoisolatethegerm,buthisexperimentswereinterruptedbyahospitalofficial,whodeclaredthatthepolishedrice,eventhoughleftoverbythepatients,wastoogoodforchickens.Itshouldberecookedforthepatients,andthechickensshouldbefedoncheapricewiththeouterlayerstillonthegrain.
Eijkmannoticedthatthechickensbegantorecoveronthenewdiet.Hebegantoconsiderthepossibilitythateatingunpolishedricesomehowpreventedorcuredberi-beri——eventhatalackofsomeelementinthehuskmightbethecauseofthedisease.Indeedthiswasthecase.Theelementneededtopreventberi-beriwasshortlyafterwardsisolatedfromricehusksandisnowknownasvitaminB.Nowadays,thisterriblediseaseismuchlesscommonthankstoourknowledgeofvitamins.
6.Agoodmixeddiet .
A.normallycontainsenoughvitamins
B.stillneedsspecialprovisionofvitamins
C.issuitableforlosingweight
D.iscomposedoffruitsandvegetables
7.Thediseaseberi-beri .
A.killslargenumbersofEasternpeoples
B.isavitamindeficiency(缺乏)disease
C.iscausedbydiseaseddeer
D.canbecaughtfromdiseasedchickens
8.ThechickensEijkmannoticedinthehospitalyard .
A.couldn'tdigestthepolisheddeer
B.provedberi-beriiscausedbygerms
C.werelatercookedforthepatients'food
D.weresufferingfromberi-beri
9.AccordingtoEijkman,polishedrice .
A.wascheaperthanunpolishedrice
B.waslessnourishing(有营养的)thanunpolishedrice
C.wasmorenourishingthanunpolishedrice
D.curedberi-beri
10.Thechemicalsubstancemissingfrompolishedrice .
A.wasvitaminB
B.didnotaffectthechickens
C.wasnamedtheEijkmanvitamin
D.hasneverbeenaccuratelyidentified
Passage3
Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Ihearmanyparentscomplainthattheirteenagechildrenarerebelling.Iwishitwereso.Atyourageyououghttobegrowingaway,fromyourparents.Youshouldbelearningtostandonyourownfeet.Buttakeagoodlookatthepresentrebellion.Itseems.thatteenagersarealltakingthesamewayofshowingthattheydisagreewiththeirparents.Insteadofstrikingoutboldlyontheirown,mostofthemareholdingoneanother'shandsforreassurance(放心)。
Theyclaimtheywanttodressastheyplease.Buttheyallwearthesameclothes.Theysetoffinnewdirectionsinmusic.Buttheyallenduplisteningtothesamerecord.Theirreasonforthinkingoractinginsuchawayisthatthecrowdisdoingit.Theyhavecomeoutoftheircocoon(茧)intoalargercocoon.
(80)Ithasbecomeharderandharderforateenagertostandupagainstthepopularitywaveandtogohisorherownway.Industryhasfirmlycarvedoutamarketforteenagers.Thesedayseveryteenagercanlearnfromtheadvertisementswhatateenagershouldhaveandbe.Thisisagreatbarrierfortheteenagerwhowantstofindhisorherownpath.
Butthebarrierisworthclimbingover.Thepathisworthfollowing.Youmaywanttolistentoclassicalmusicinsteadofgoingtoaparty.Youmaywanttocollectrockswheneveryoneelseiscollectingrecords.Youmayhavesomethoughtsthatyoudon'tcaretoshareatoncewithyourclassmates.Well,gotoit.Findyourself.Beyourself.Popularitywillcome——withthepeoplewhorespectyouforwhoyouare.That'stheonlykindofpopularitythatreallycounts.
11.Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassageistotell .
A.readershowtohepopularwithpeoplearound
B.teenagershowtolearntomakeadecisionforthemselves
C.parentshowtocontrolandguidetheirchildren
D.peoplehowtounderstandandrespecteachoth~
12.Accordingtotheauthor,manyteenagersthinktheyarebraveenoughtoactontheirown,butinfactmostofthem .
A.havemuchdifficultyunderstandingeachother
B.lackconfidence
C.darenotcopewithanyproblemsalone
D.areverymuchafraidofgettinglost
13.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.Thereisnopopularitythatreallycounts.
B.Manyparentsthinkthattheirchildrenarechallengingtheirauthority.
C.Itisnotnecessarilybadforateenagertodisagreewithhisorherclassmates.
D.Mostteenagersareactuallydoingthesame.
14.Theauthorthinks ofadvertisementsastoteenagers.
A.inevitable
B.influential
C.instructive
D.attractive
15.Themainideaofthelastparagraphisthatateenagershould .
A.differfromothersinasmanywaysaspossible
B.becomepopularwithothers
C.findhisrealself
D.rebelagainsthisparentsandthepopularitywave
PartIIVocabularyandStructure(30%)
Directions:
Inthispartthereare30incompletesentences.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.
16.Themanhasaspecialtalentforartandis ofamusician.
A.anybody
B.anything
C.somebody
D.something
17.IknowJonathanquitewellandneverd
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