东方汽轮机厂60MW抽汽凝汽式机组运行规程.docx
- 文档编号:10341845
- 上传时间:2023-02-10
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:148
- 大小:136.73KB
东方汽轮机厂60MW抽汽凝汽式机组运行规程.docx
《东方汽轮机厂60MW抽汽凝汽式机组运行规程.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《东方汽轮机厂60MW抽汽凝汽式机组运行规程.docx(148页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
东方汽轮机厂60MW抽汽凝汽式机组运行规程
汽轮机运行规程
C60-8.83/0.65(1.0)
(修改版)
批准:
审核:
修编:
东莞玖龙纸业有限公司地龙热电厂
2010年8月31日
总则································································4
重要操作的规定······························································4
第一篇汽轮机运行规程
第一章汽轮发电机技术规范与特性
第一节汽轮机技术规范与特点···············································5
第二节调节系统工作原理及机组技术规范·······································9
第三节辅助设备···························································16
第四节发电机与励磁机······················································23
第二章汽轮机的启动
第一节重要操作原则·······················································25
第二节启动前的准备工作。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
。
25
第三节启动前的检查························································26
第四节辅助油泵及调节系统试验··············································27
第五节暖管······························································28
第六节辅助设备的启动与投入················································28
第七节启动与升速(滑参数)············································。
。
···28
第八节并列与带负荷························································31
第九节机组热态启动要求···················································32
第三章汽轮机组的试验
第一节试验的注意事项······················································33
第二节试验项目及周期表····················································34
第三节试验方法····························································35
第四章汽轮机的停止························································40
第五章汽轮机运行中的维护
第一节正常运行限额························································41
第二节一般运行维护························································43
第六章汽轮机事故预防和处理
第一节事故处理原则·························································44
第二节故障停机·····························································45
第三节汽温汽压异常处理·····················································46
第四节凝汽器真空下降·······················································47
第五节油系统失常···························································49
第六节汽轮机甩负荷·························································51
第七节发电机与系统解列·····················································51
第八节水冲击·······························································52
第九节轴向位移增大·························································52
第十节汽轮机严重超速·······················································53
第十一节发电机、励磁机冒烟着火·············································53
第十二节汽轮机组不正常的振动和异音·········································53
第十三节主汽门、调节门、旋转隔板工作失常···································53
第十四节管道故障···························································54
第十五节厂用电中断·························································55
第十六节DEH系统故障························································55
第十七节辅机的故障处理·····················································56
第十八节加热器水位升高·····················································56
第二篇辅助设备运行规程
第一章油系统的运行························································57
第二章顶轴油泵及盘车装置的运行············································58
第三章循环水系统的运行····················································59
第四章凝结水系统的运行····················································60
第五章轴封系统的投用······················································60
第六章`真空、射水系统的运行················································60
第七章空冷器的运行························································61
第八章法兰螺栓加热装置的使用··············································61
第九章泵的启动和停用······················································62
第十章低压加热器的运行····················································62
第十一章高压加热器的运行··························································63
第十二章真空滤油机的运行··························································64
第三篇给水泵运行规程
第一章给水泵的启动与停止··················································65
第二章给水泵的运行维护····················································67
第三章给水泵事故处理
第一节事故处理原则·······················································68
第二节给水泵的事故停止····················································68
第三节给水母管压力不正常··················································69
第四节给水泵汽化··························································69
第五节厂用电中断··························································70
第六节给水泵油系统故障····················································70
第七节给水泵冷却水中断····················································71
第四章给水泵试验
第一节给水泵油泵联锁试验··················································71
第二节给水泵联锁试验·····················································71
第三节给水泵保护试验·····················································72
第四篇除氧设备运行规程
第一章基本特性和技术数据··················································73
第二章高压除氧器的启动与停止··············································73
第三章除氧设备的运行维护··················································74
第四章高压除氧器安全门试验················································71
第五章疏水箱疏水泵的启动与停止············································75
第六章除氧器事故处理
第一节事故处理原则························································75
第二节除氧器事故处理······················································76
第五篇减温减压器运行规程
第一章减温减压器的特性及有关要求··········································77
第二章减温减压器的投入、运行维护及停用····································78
第六篇循环水泵运行规程
第一章循环水泵的启动与停止················································79
第二章循环水泵的正常运行及维护············································79
第三章常见性事故处理·····················································80
附表一饱和温度压力表······················································81
总则
1运行人员必须坚守岗位,正确、迅速地执行上级命令。
2机组发生故障时,运行人员应按下列顺序进行工作、消除故障:
2.1根据仪表指示和机组外部象征,肯定机组已发生故障。
2.2迅速消除对人身及设备的危险,必要时立即解列发生故障的设备。
2.3迅速查清故障的性质,发生地点及损伤的范围。
2.4保证所有非故障设备能正常运行。
2.5发生故障时运行人员应按规程处理,并尽可能迅速报告值长和专业主管或专工,以便及时采取正确地对策,防止事故蔓延。
3消除故障的动作应迅速,处理应正确,接到命令后应复诵一遍,如未听懂应问清,执行后应迅速向发令者报告。
4班长在处理事故时受值长领导,并迅速参加消除故障的工作,尽可能报告值长。
5汽机主管在得知机组发生故障时,应赶到现场监督消除故障工作。
6从机组发生故障起,直到恢复正常,运行人员不得擅自离开岗位,如果故障发生在交接班时,应延迟交接。
交班人员应继续工作,接班人员在交班班长、值长领导下协助处理故障,直到机组恢复正常运行或接到值长接班的命令后方可在接班日记上签字进行交接。
7当发生本规程没有规定的故障象征时,运行人员必须根据自己的知识和判断,主动采取对策,并尽可能迅速报告主操或值长。
运行人员如发现自己不了解的现象时,必须及时报告主操,共同实地观察研究。
若无法查清,报告值长按其指示处理。
8机组故障后的开机,必须根据事故的象征,进行全面检查,确认无误后方可开机。
开机过程中必须加强检查,发现异常情况及时停机并汇报。
9故障消除后,应做好详细记录。
10机组在启动、带负荷、减负荷、停机过程中,应加强对金属温度的控制,严防温差超过规定数值,防止导致设备的金属变形或损坏。
11本机组为单元制,部分公用系统在开、停机操作、事故处理、做试验以及做检修安措时应全面考虑。
重要操作的规定
1下列工作在汽机主管或由热电部经理指定人员监护下进行。
1.1大、小修后汽轮机组的启动。
1.2运行中危急保安器的定期充油压出试验。
1.3调速系统试验,包括高压主汽门、调速汽门、旋转隔板的严密试验等。
1.4机组运行中冷油器的切换操作。
1.5机组运行中油滤网的切换操作。
1.6设备经过重大改进后的启动或有关新技术的第一次试用。
2重要设备切换操作应有操作票,并在监护人的监护下进行。
发布切换操作命令前,应按有关系统图检查预定的操作程序,保证正确。
所有重要设备切换操作和监护,均应由合格人员担任,下级不能监护上级人员的操作。
3在做系统隔离措施时,凡是高、低压在串联状况并无逆止门,禁止用低压侧阀门隔离。
应先关高压侧阀门,确认阀门无泄漏的情况下,方可关闭低压侧阀门;有逆止门的情况下,也应先关闭高压侧阀门,确认高压侧阀门、逆止门无泄漏,方可关闭低压侧阀门。
若高压侧阀门不严密或逆止门泄漏,应扩大安全措施,使高压系统彻底隔离,防止因积压造成管门破裂。
4汽轮机遇到下列情况,应采取措施消除,否则禁止启动(特殊情况下由领导决定,订出相应防范措施):
4.1调速系统,保护装置失常;
4.2电动主汽门、自动主汽门、调速汽门、抽汽逆止门动作不正常;
4.3汽轮机转子幌动值超过原始值的0.03mm;
4.4调速系统不能维持空转运行或甩去全负荷后不能控制转速时;
4.5主要表计或自动保护装置之一失灵;
4.6任何一台油泵或其自启动装置有故障;
4.7油质不合格或油温低于规定的极限值;
4.8汽轮机转动部分有明显的金属磨擦声;
4.9上下汽缸金属温差超过50℃;
4.10汽轮机真空不能维持-67kPa.
注:
1、主要表计指:
主蒸汽温度表、主汽压力表、主汽流量表、转速表、真空表等。
2、自动保护装置指:
机组故障应能自动停机的热工保护装置,如低油压、轴向位移、主汽门
联锁等。
第一篇汽轮机运行规程
第一章汽轮发电机技术规范与特性
第一节汽轮机技术规范与特性
1.1概况
序号
名称
单抽汽凝汽式汽轮机
1
型号
C60-8.83/0.65(1.0)
2
型式
高压、高温、单缸、单抽凝汽式
3
制造厂家
东方汽轮机厂
4
出厂代号
5
投产日期
#11机2008年6月;#12机2008年8月
6
转子重量
---kg
7
上汽缸重量
25t
8
本体重量
40t
9
整机重量
149t
10
转子旋转方向
从机头向发电机方向看为顺时针
11
额定转速
3000r/min
12
级数
20级
13
汽轮机临界转速
1659r/min(理论)1671r/min(实际)
14
发电机临界转速
1650r/min
15
外形尺寸
8734.5mm×6900mm×3410mm(长×宽×高)
16
额定功率
60MW(抽汽/冷凝)
17
最大功率
65.233MW(抽汽/冷凝)
18
额定进汽量
320/228.25t/h(抽汽/冷凝)
19
最大进汽量
320t/h
20
额定抽汽量
150/120t/h
21
最大抽汽量
200/160t/h
22
给水温度
222.4/220.3(抽汽/冷凝)
23
额定背压
7.15/7.15kPa(抽汽/冷凝)
24
汽轮机级数
高压部分:
I(调节级)+9压力级
低压部分:
ⅠX(调节级)+9压力级
共为20级
25
回热抽汽级数
6级(分别为5、8、10、14、16、18级后)
注:
本规程压力单位如没特殊说明均为绝对压力。
1.2基本参数
项目
单位
最高
正常
最低
主汽门前蒸汽压力
MPa
9.32
8.83
8.34
主汽门前蒸汽温度
℃
540
535
525
冷却水温度
℃
33
27
20
调节抽汽压力
MPa
--
0.65/1.0
--
调节抽汽流量
t/h
200/160
150/120
0
额定工况进汽量
t/h
320
228.25
0
机组热耗
kJ/kW·h
---
9578
----
机组汽耗
kg/kW.h
6.017
5.419
3.6977
1.3抽汽参数(机组在额定工况下除养器定压运行时)1.0MPa
抽汽段数
1
2
3
4
5
6
加热器
No.1HPHTP
No.2HPHTP
DTR
No.4HPHTP
No.5HPHTP
No.6HPHTP
抽汽点(级后)
5
8
10
14
16
18
抽汽压力
2.735
1.619
1.137
0.371
0.161
0.047
抽汽压损
6%
6%
5%
6%
6%
6%
抽汽温度
397.6
335
294.9
188.8
115
79.7
流量
11.948
1.75
17.424
8.286
11.489
7.252
1.3.1纯凝汽工况下,各级抽汽情况(计算值)(60MW)
项目
单位
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
压力
MPa
2.1277
1.1158
0.4078
0.1541
0.0117
温度
℃
383
303
198
112
77
抽汽量
t/h
12.85
12.66
11.54
7.28
10.90
抽汽位置
级后
5
8
10
14
16
1.4汽轮机在下列情况下能发出额定功率
⒈主汽门前蒸汽压力降为8.34MPa,主蒸汽温度降为525℃,而冷却水温为正常值。
⒉冷却水温升高到33℃,而主汽门前参数为正常值。
1.5本体结构
本机组为高温高压单缸可调整抽汽凝汽式汽轮机。
为了减小汽缸压力,增加机组启停及变负荷的灵活性,汽缸的高中压部分采用单层缸隔板套结构。
主汽阀独立布置在汽轮机运行层,位于汽轮机前端,通过管道与汽缸连接。
来自锅炉过热器的新蒸汽通过2根Φ273×22主蒸汽管进入主汽阀,再经4根Φ219×16进汽管分别进入汽缸前部的四个喷嘴室.蒸汽经1个单列调节级和19个压力级后,由汽缸后部的排汽室向下排入凝汽器.在第5级后设有第一段回热抽汽供1号高加,第8级后设第二段抽汽供2号高加,第10级后设第3段抽汽供除氧器及纸场用汽,第14、16、18级后各有一个抽汽口分别到三个低加。
汽缸由前部、中部、后部组成,主蒸汽从锅炉经由2根Φ273×22主蒸汽管进入主汽阀,再经4根Φ219×16的主汽管分别进入汽缸的四个喷嘴室,通过一个调节级和19个压力级作功后,从后汽缸下部排入凝汽器。
汽缸前部采用ZG15Cr2Mol钢铸成,四个喷嘴室和四个蒸汽室是用同一材料单独铸成后焊接在汽缸前部上。
汽缸中部采用高强度铸铁铸成,后汽缸采用焊接结构。
汽缸前部和汽缸中部,汽缸中部和汽缸后部均采用垂直法兰连接。
电厂安装时,在垂直法兰结合面连接处涂上密封膏,以提高密封性,然后用螺栓连成一体。
汽缸前、中、后三部分又分上、下两半,采用水平中分面法兰连接。
汽缸前部采用了高低波形法兰,对增加启动灵活性十分有利。
汽缸前部左右水平法兰上有12个M120×4×540的倒锥双头螺柱,材料为20CrlMolVNbTiB,允许工作温度达570℃。
还有10个M76×4×400的倒锥双头螺柱,材料为25Cr2MoVA,允许工作温度部高于550℃。
在M76的罩螺母下,配有自位性能较好的球面垫圈,可以改善螺栓受力状况。
汽缸前部采用上猫爪中分面支承,其优点为运行时不改变静子和转子的中心。
汽缸另一端的支承由后汽缸下半的前后支撑脚座落在基架上。
汽缸前部下半和后汽缸均设有垂直键,在后汽缸侧部与侧基架之间还配有横键,由此构成汽机热膨胀死点。
汽缸和轴承箱就位应按主机证明书的规定进行找中和控制轴向尺寸,以保证它们之间的同轴度和轴向位置。
为了保证机组在运行时膨胀均匀、顺畅,不致出现动静摩擦,并因此产生过大的振动,汽缸就位后需进行负荷分配,具体要求见主机证明书。
需要指出的是:
由于加工的误差和结果因素的影响,在汽轮机现场安装整个过程中,静子的纵向和横向水平(扬度)及负荷分配和滑动面台板间隙三者有时部能同时满足要求,这时,应根据主机证明书有关规定作适当的调整,首先保证静子与转子纵向扬度一致、台板间隙符合要求,力求负荷分配合理,静子(轴承箱、汽缸)纵向水平(扬度)仅作参考,但尽量做到其
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 东方 汽轮机 60 MW 抽汽凝汽式 机组 运行 规程