大学英语1第三单元课文翻译及课后练习答案.docx

大学英语1第三单元课文翻译及课后练习答案.docx

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大学英语1第三单元课文翻译及课后练习答案

大学英语1第三单元-课文翻译及课后练习答案

Unit1MoreThanWords

In-ClassReadingCommunicationWithoutWords

不用话语的交流

1当你学一门外语时，你要学的不仅仅是词汇和语法。

要想成功地进行交谈，你还必须学习该种文化的非言语性语言，或者说“肢体语言”。

“肢体语言”是用来描述那些可以传递信息的脸部表情、手势以及其他身体动作的术语。

这种交流方法非常重要，实际上我们用动作表达的信息比用言语表达的信息还要多。

2有时候我们发现说一门外语很困难，因为我们可能不了解另一种文化的非言语信号，或者说那些信号在我们自己文化中的含义可能迥然不同。

例如，在世界上不同的地方，上下点头就传递不同的信息。

在北美，该动作表示“我同意”。

在中东，向下点头表示“我同意”，而向上抬头表示“我不同意”。

日本人谈话的时候这个动作通常只是表示“我正在听”。

一位在美国的日本学生好不容易才了解了其中的差异。

在和一位推销员说话的时候，这位学生礼貌性地点头，表示他在注意听着。

结果，第二天那位推销员就将一台崭新的洗衣机送到了

3

4

5

1会等着把你所说的话录下来。

因此，尽管开口讲话吧。

希望你的谈吐有趣，足以吸引听众。

2第二，正确的态度——交谈的愿望——是成为一个能说会道者的根本。

与人交谈时尽量热情些。

别人也会对你的热情做出积极的反应，而且你会发现自己的确也变得满腔热情。

另一方面，如果你与他人交谈时缺乏热情，他们也很容易发现，从而做出消极的反应。

3第三点要记住的是要轮流说话。

仔细倾听会使你变得更善于交谈。

交谈中好的提问也是出色交谈者的标志。

倾听是每个人学习的一种方式。

学到的越多，你为自己成为一名优秀交谈者所做的准备就越充分。

4第四个要点是应该努力开阔眼界。

最优秀的交谈者能够谈论日常生活之外的事情和经历。

你可以通过旅游拓宽你的世界，但也可以足不出户就做到这一点。

当然，你可以通过阅读学习。

但是，要记住的一个要点是，那些与你背景不同的人可以开阔你谈话的内容和拓展你的思维。

5第五点要记住的是，严肃的谈话时间不应过长。

幽默感很有用，有时讲个和自己有关的小笑话会使谈话轻松起来。

6最后，与人交谈要真诚。

你应该对你的交谈对象坦率、诚实，正如你也希望他们这样对待你一样。

你要乐意告诉他们你的背景以及个人好恶。

这是谈话中互相理解、平等交换的一个重要方面，一个了解别人和让别人了解自己的重要方面。

坦诚示人，这样准没错。

7无论你和一个人交谈还是和许多人交谈，规则都是一样的，都是为了建立联系。

只要表现出你的同情心、热情和倾听的愿望，你就一定会成为一名谈话大师。

课内阅读练习答案

PartOnePreparation

1.WhyAreYouSpeaking?

STEPONE

Sample

1•Ayoungmanandayoungwomanarelookingatapainting.Themanisputtinghisarmaroundthewoman.Theyseemlikeacouple.Thepaintingshowsaveryromanticscenewithacastleandayoungcouplewholooklikeaprinceandprincess.Theyarefacingeachotherandholdingeachother’shandasifsaying“Iwillloveyouforever”.

•Themanisexpressinghisfeelingsorhope.Ithinkhemustbeinlovewiththiswoman,sohewantstogivethewomansomehints,wishingthatheandthewomancoulddeveloparelationshipasintimateasthetwointhepainting,getmarriedandlivehappilyeverafter.

2•Twoboysarefighting,onelyingfacedownonthefloorandtheothersittingonhim.Theonewhoissittinghasascaronhisface.Theymusthavefoughtwitheachotherfiercely.Theyoungwomanwholookslikeamotherisholdingoneoftheboy’shandsandsays:

“That’sverynaughty!

”

•Sheiscriticizingthechildren’sbehaviorandhopesthattheywouldnotdothisagain.

3•Twopeoplearestandingneartosomethingwhichlookslikearockoraparcel.Thewomanisasking:

“Whatdoyouthinkitis?

”

•Sheiscuriousandisaskingabouttheman’sidea.

4•Anoldmanislyinginthebed.Heseemstoneedsomerestorsleep.Butalittleboywearingapairofdarkglassesisplayinginhisroom.Theboyissquattingneartheoldman’sbed,holdingagunandpointingitathim.Theboy’smouthisopenasifimitatinggunshots.

•Heaskstheboynottodisturbhim.Hemustbesomewhatunhappy.

STEPTWO

Sample

•Togreetpeople.“Gladtomeetyou.”

•Toaskfordirections.“Couldyoutellmewheretherailwaystationis?

”

•Tomakeaninvitation.“I’dlikeyoutocomeandhaveteawithusonFriday.”

•Tomakearequest.“CouldIaskyoutowritehimaletter?

”

•Tomakeaninquiry.“Doyouknowtheassignmentfortoday’sEnglishclass?

”

•Toapologize.“Forgivemeforbeinglate.”

•Toaskforpermission.“MayIuseyourdictionary?

”

•Toexpressthanks.“Ireallydon’tknowhowIcanthankyouenough.”

PartTwoReading-CenteredActivities

In-ClassReading

Post-Reading

ReadingComprehension

11Introduction（Para.1）

Bodylanguage/non-verballanguageisalsoanimportantmeansofcommunication.

2Communicatinginaforeignlanguagecanbedifficultifwedon’tunderstandthenon-verbalsignalsofthatculture.（Para.2-5）

Forexample,

Athegestureofnoddingthehead（upanddown）,（Para.2）

Beyecontact,（Para.3）

Cthesignofwavingthehand,（Para.4）

Dpersonalconversationdistance.（Para.5）

3Conclusion（Para.6）

Tocommunicatesuccessfullyinaforeignlanguage,weneedtomasterafifthskill,culturalawareness.

21Becausewemaynotunderstandthenon-verbalsignalsinitsculture,ortheymaymeansomethingdifferentfromwhattheymeaninourownculture.

2Facialexpression,gestures,andothermovementsofthebodythatsendmessages.

3BecausehethoughttheJapanesestudentwasexpressing“Iagreetobuythemachine”bynoddinghishead.

4Peopleareexpectedtolookintotheotherperson’seyesduringaconversation.

5TheAsianschoolboymaycomecloserinsteadofgoingaway.

6Becausetheycomefromdifferentcountriesandpreferdifferentconversationdistances.

7It’stheawarenessofdifferencesbetweendifferentcultures./It’stheawarenessofproperbehaviorindifferentcultures.

3Sample

1•Shakinghandsisthecustomaryformofgreetingallovertheworld.

•HuggingandkissingwhengreetingarecommoninmostWesterncountries.

•Displayingtheindexandmiddlefingersintheshapeofa“V”means“victory”or“peace”.

•The“O.K.”gestureisusedtomean“O.K.”,“zero”,or“worthless”.

•Thethumbs-upgestureisusedtosay“Goodjob!

”,“O.K.”or“Great!

”

•Apersonmaypointtotheirnoseorchesttoindicatethemselves.

•Apersonmaypattheirheadtoshowthattheyarethinkinghard.

•Apersonmayshaketheirhandtosay“No!

”

•Crossingtheforefingerandthemiddlefingerhastwomeanings:

a）wishingforgoodlucktohappen,b）I’mnottellingthetruth（oftendonewiththehandbehindthebacktohidecrossedfingersfromview）.

2•eatingwithyourlefthandinIndia;

•touchingsomeoneelse’sheadinIndia;

•the“O.K.”signinGermanyandBrazil;

•huggingorkissingastrangeroracquaintanceincountrieslikeChina;

•thethumbs-upgestureinAustralia;

•restingthefeetontablesorchairsinFrance;

•conversingwithhandsinpocketsinFrance;

•touchingorpointingatsomeonewithyourfeet;

•Undernocircumstancesshouldyouindicate“O.K.”toaGermanusingyourthumbandforefingertoformacircle—thatwouldbeconsideredrude;

•Thethumbs-upsignisdownrightoffensiveinIranandmanyMiddleEastcountries;

•InKorea,itisrudetoblowyournoseinfrontofpeople.Whentalkingtosomeone,keepyourhandsinfullview.Itisrudetokeepyourhandsbehindyourbackorinyourpockets;

•InThailand,peoplepointtoanobjectwiththeirchins,nottheirhands;

•InJapanandAmerica,itisunacceptablefortwoadultsofthesamesextoholdhandswhilewalkingtogether.

Vocabulary

11B

Aoneoftwoorthreeperiodsthattheschooloruniversityyearisdividedinto

Bawordorexpressionthathasaparticularmeaning,especiallyinatechnicalorscientificsubject

2B

Athemoneyorincomethatonehas

Bawayormethodofdoingorachievingsth.

3A

Aagesture,soundoractionwhichisintendedtogiveaparticularmessage

Baseriesofradiowaves,lightwaves,orchangesinelectricalcurrentthatmaycarryinformation

4B

Aashortwrittenorspokennote

Bthemostimportantideainabook,film,speech,etc.

5A

Aonly

Binawaythatiseasytounderstand

6A

Atheactofcommunicationwithaperson,organization,country,etc.

Bthestateoftouchingsth.

7B

Aalongraisedmassofwatermovingacrossthesurfaceofthesea

Basignofgreetingmadebyraisingandmovingthehand

8A

Atheamountofarea,room,etc.thatisemptyoravailabletobeused

BtheareabeyondtheEarthwhereplanets,stars,moons,etc.,exist

21gesture

2

signal

3

misunderstanding

4

behaved

5curls

6

rarely

7

means

8

bow/bowed

9contact

10

facial

11

awareness

12

occur

Translation

1Youwon’tgetthejobunlessyou’vegottheexperience.

2IspentmostofmytimestudyingthedifferencesbetweenChineseandAmericancultures.

3Thestatementissoclearthatitcan’tcauseanymisunderstanding.

4Hewisheshecouldgivehermorehelpthanhedoes.

5Remembertoinvitehertothebirthdayparty,orshewouldcomplain.

6“Youhavetoadd$2,500forequipmentpurchase/buyingequipmenttothecost,”saidthedirector.

7Itisimportanttobeawareofyourstrengthsandweaknessesandtheenvironmentyouarein.

8Youwillsoonfindyourselfwithoutanyfriendsatallifyoukeeponbeingsorudetoeverybody.

PartThreeFurtherDevelopment

3.ToBeaGoodListenerintheEnglishClass

STEPTWO

Sample

1IshouldconcentratethroughouttheclassandasktheinstructortoexplainthingsIdon’tunderstandeitherinclassorafterclass.

2IshouldasktheinstructortorepeatthequestionfirstandthendecidewhetherIcananswerthequestion.

3IshouldnotdwellonwordsIdon’tknow.Instead,IshouldskipthemandkeepgoingsothatIwon’tmissthemainidea.

4It’snaturalthatIhavesomedifficultiesinlistening.Ishouldn’tbesohardonmyself.

5Ishouldpaymoreattentiontocontentthantosinglewords.Ishouldlistenformainideasandotherimportantinformation.

6IshouldlearntointerprettheinformationinEnglish.

7IshouldlistenthroughoutalessontogetthemessagesothatIknowwhattosaynext.Ineedn’ttakemyselftooseriously.

8Ishouldaskthespeakertorepeatorexplaintheirwords.Idon’tthinkI’lllosefacebydoingso.

9IshouldlistencarefullyandmakesurethatIunderstand.IshouldpayattentiontotheideaIwanttoexpress,notonlythewords.

10Toimprovemylisteningskills,I’mgoingtodomorelisteningpracticeoutofclass.I’lllistentosomeEnglishsongs,news,andprograms.

PartFourWritingandTranslation

2.TranslationPractice

1请把货物发到我的住处。

2总统将在年会上发表讲话。

3他注意饮食，适量锻炼，现在血压已完全正常了。

4天气晴朗时这里人流如织，很多人（来这里）只是为了感受热闹的气氛。

5他因超速被罚款200元，罚金要在半年内交纳。

6有没有哪类书是你特别喜欢读的？

7他不吸烟，对饮食非常挑剔。

8给我印象最深的是他渊博的学识、丰富的经验和无穷的智慧。

3.Writing

Tosolveyourproblem,youshouldpaymoreattentiontoyourcommunicationskills.First,youshouldbeawareofyourproblem,andtellyourselfthatit’sverynaturalforyoutofeelthatwayin