浅析汉英翻译中的中国式英语.docx

浅析汉英翻译中的中国式英语.docx

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浅析汉英翻译中的中国式英语

ABriefAnalysisofChinglishinChinese-EnglishTranslation

Investigator

HeCaixia

BeijingTVUniversity

Submittedon12May2011

InfulfillmentofthecoursePracticalProjectDesign

浅析汉英翻译中的中国式英语

研究者

王小全

中央广播电视大学

提交2011年5月12日完成的课程设计实践项目

Acknowledgment

IammostlygratefultoProfessorGuideandMissZhang,withoutwhosesupportthisprojectwouldnotimplemented.

Iamalsogratefultomycolleagues.

Lastbutnottheleast,bigthankstomymotherandfather,withoutwhosesupport,Iwouldnothaveself-confidencetofinishthisproject.

Abstract

Translationisawell-structuredtransformationofbothsourcelanguageandtargetlanguage;itisnotasimplejobofduplication.Chinesehasitsowncharacter.WhenitistranslatedintoEnglish,itisnecessarytofollowtheEnglishrules.Afterall,ChineseandEnglishareoffundamentaldifference.Notallvocabularyhasequivalenceinotherlanguage.Asforthesentencestructure,itisnotthesameaswell.What’smore,ChineseandEnglishindicatedifferentconnotationbecauseoftheculture.It’sdifficulttomakeacompromiseinthetranslation.Therefore,Chinglisheasilyoccur.Themanifestationincludes:

incorrectlocationofmeaning,incorrectsentencestructureandlackingofnormalization.Butgenerally,allthesemistakesareinterferedbymothertongue.Therefore,it’snecessarytotackletheproblemofChinglish.ToillustratetheproblemofChinglish,thispaperwilldemonstratealotofexamplesoastoevaluatethecausesandsuggestionsofhowtoavoidorreduceit,withapurposetobringtranslationnearertoastandardoffaithfulnessandsmoothness.

Keywords:

Chinglish；causes；culture；faithfulness；smoothness.

浅析汉英翻译中的中国式英语

【摘要】汉语和英语是两种不同的语言。

在汉英翻译中,由于英语学习者不注意对汉英两种语言的历史,文化,风俗习惯不同的学习和掌握,只习惯于英语的汉语解释,养成了简单的、机械的、僵化的学习方法和生搬硬套、逐字逐句的汉语式的英语表达方式.从而使得译文过于拘泥原文的字句，导致译文生硬，晦涩难懂，不符合英语习惯用法，让读者读后感觉译者只是在机械翻译，译文带有明显的汉语痕迹，这样的译文就是通常所谓的Chinglish（中式英语）Chinglish是影响译文质量的主要原因之一，这篇论文举例探讨Chinglish产生的原因、历史，表现形式及解决方法，从而避免汉语式英语,使汉英翻译达到忠实通顺。

【关键词】中国式英语；成因；忠实；通顺

CONTENTS

I.Introduction…………………………………………………..…..…...…1

1.1TheDefinitionofChinglish.………..…………………………………………1

1.2HistoryofChinglish…………………………………………………………..1

1.3Siginificanceofavoidingit……………………………………………………1

II.Cases………………………….……………………............................................2

III.CausesofChinglish…………………………………………………………4

3.1CulturalDifferences………………………….……………………………….4

3.2UsageofVocabularies………………………………………………………..5

3.3Incorrectlocationofmeaning…………………………………………………6

3.4Differencebetweentwolanguage…………………………………………….6

3.5IncorrectSentenceStructure……………………………………………..........7

IV.TheWaystoAvoidChinglish……………………………………………...8

4.1Culture–Awareness……………………………………………………............8

4.2ThreestandardsinTranslation…………………………………………..........8

4.3ConsultingDictionary.………………………………………………………..11

4.4TakingContextintoConsideration…………………………………………...11

V.Conclusion……………………………………………………………………12

References…………………………………………………………………...13

Acknowledgements………………………………………………………....14

IIntroduction 

ChineseandEnglisharequitedifferent.However,whennativespeakerofChineselearnEnglish,theytendtolosesightofthedifferencebetweenthetwo.ThisisparticularlythecasewhenitcomestoChinese–Englishtranslation,becausetheyhaveformedthehabitoftryingtowriteinEnglishwhattheywouldinChinese.Asaresult,Chinglish,anawkwardmixtureinwhichideasconceivedinChineseareungrammaticallyexpressedinEnglish,runsriotintheirtranslation.ThemaincauseofChinglishis,ofcourse,thelinguisticinterference.Toremovethenegativeinfluenceofthenativetongue,therefore,remainsataskofparamountimportantforstudentsofEnglishmajorinChina.

1.1TheconceptionofChinglishandrootofitsappearance

WhatisChinglish?

ChinglishisacombinationofthewordsChineseandEnglishandreferstospokenorwrittenEnglishwhichisinfluencedbyChinese（Wikipedia）.Thereareanestimated300to500millionusersand/orlearnersofEnglishinthePeople'sRepublicofChina.Theterm“Chinglish”ismostlyusedinpopularcontextsandmayhavepejorativeorderogatoryconnotation.Theterms“ChineseEnglish”and“ChinaEnglish"arealsoused,mostlyintheacademiccommunity,torefertoChinesevarietiesofEnglishItisthatwecreateEnglishbasedonthehabitofChinesesuchaslinguisticstructureoreveninthetraditionandcultureandthewords’straighttranslation.ItdoesnotappearintheChinese-Englishdictionary.

1.2History

EnglishfirstarrivedinChinainthe1630s,whenBritishtradersarrivedinSouthChina.ChinesePidginEnglishwasspokenfirstintheareasofMacaoandGuangzhou,laterspreadingnorthtoShanghaibythe1830s“YangjingBangEnglish”inChinesederivesfromthenameofaformercreekinShanghaineartheBundwherelocalworkerscommunicatedwithEnglish-speakingforeignersinpidgin（brokenEnglish）ChinesePidginEnglishbegantodeclineinthelate19thcenturyasstandardEnglishbegantobetaughtinthecountry'seducationsystem.EnglishlanguageteachinghasbeenwidespreadthroughoutmodernChinesehistory--itwasmadethecountry'smainforeignlanguagein1982.Atthattime,theEnglishlearnersusuallyheardtheword“Chinglish”.InQingdynasty（1840）,the BritishinvadersbroughttheEnglishtoChina,manypeoplewantedtolearnEnglish,buttheydidn’thaveenoughtimetodo,sotheyjustunderstoodtheirphysicalmeaningsfromtheBritishconversations.Andinthepractical,theycouldn’tavoidtheinfluenceofthemotherlanguage-Chinese.Sotheyjustusedfewerwordstoexpressthemeanings,theChinglishwasinventedbythem.

1.3Thesignificanceofavoidingit

ChinglishoffersahumorousandinsightfullookatmisusesoftheEnglishlanguageinChinesestreetsigns,products,andadvertising.（Oliver,2007）.Along-standingfavoriteofEnglishspeakingtouristsandvisitors,ChinglishisnowquicklybecomingacultureintergradedintoChinese.Inpreparationforthe2008OlympicGamesinBeijing,theChinesegovernmentwasdeterminedtowipeoutincorrectEnglishusageofChinglishandreplaceditwithStandardEnglish.Amongotherexamples,signsthatpreviouslyread:

"Totakenoticeofsafe:

Theslipperyareverycrafty"mayread"Caution-slipperypath".Othernotableexamplesinclude:

"Oilgate"（accelerator）,"confirmingdistance"（keepspace,distanceverification）,andsoon.

II.SomefunnyChinglishexamplesinChinese-Englishtranslation

给你点颜色看看！

！

Giveyousomecolortoseesee!

!

机房重地

Engineroomisseriousplace.

走着瞧！

Goandlook!

好好学习，天天向上

goodgoodstudy,daydayup

不三不四

nothreenofour

马马虎虎

Horsehorsetigertiger

你问我，我问谁？

Youaskme,Iaskwho?

没钱没门

Nomoneynodoor

咱俩谁跟谁阿

wetwowhoandwho？

怎么是你，怎么老是你

Howareyou?

Howoldareyou?

杀一警百

killonepolicehundred

彼此彼此

Youmeyoume

知之为知之，不知为不知...

Knowisknownoknowisnoknow

来点音乐

Comesomemusic

五讲四美三热爱

5talks,4beauties&3loves

表妹

Watchsister

人山人海

Peoplemountain,peoplesea. （InEnglishthereisanexpression“seaofpeople”,butnot“mountainofpeople.）

我的电脑坏了

Mycomputerisbroken. （Mycomputerisdownormycomputercorrupted）

Allexamplesabovearequitefunny,buttheEnglishspeakersgetconfusedwhenreadingthem.Ifthiskindofchinglsihcannotmakeanysensetonativespeakers,what’sthepurposeoftranslation?

Translationisawell-structuredtransformationofbothsourcelanguageandtargetlanguage;itisnotasimplejobofduplication.

IIICausesofChinglish

Chinesehasitsowncharacter.WhenitistranslatedintoEnglish,itisnecessarytofollowtheEnglishrules.Afterall,ChineseandEnglishareoffundamentaldifference.Notallvocabularyhasequivalenceinotherlanguage.Asforthesentencestructure,itisnotthesameaswell.What’smore,ChineseandEnglishindicatedifferentconnotationbecauseoftheculture.It’sdifficulttomakeacompromiseinthetranslation.Therefore,Chinglisheasilyoccur.Themanifestationincludes:

incorrectlocationofmeaning,incorrectsentencestructureandlackingofnormalization.Incorrectlocationofmeaningusuallyresultsfromliteraltranslationandunnecessarywords.Butgenerally,allthesemistakesareinterferedbymothertongue.

3.1CulturalDifference

Languagehasnationalitythatbornwithitsnationandsurvivewithit.Thereforespecialnationshavetheirgivenlanguage:

thereisnolanguagewithoutcharacteristicintheworldasthereisnoracewithoutcharacteristic.So,everylanguageisnotfullysimilartoeachother,everyracehasitslanguage.Takeasamesugarforinstance,Chinesecallit“红糖”justinordertodistinguishwithwhitesugar;Englishcallit“brownsugar”becauseitscolorisbrown.Thenwhyisthereadifferentnamebetweenthingsofone?

Theansweristhattheyareeffectedbyculturalgenethatreferenceshuman’swayofthinking,thespokenwayofhabit,andtraditionalculture…etc.Peoplewhoaresurvivingindifferentculturewillhavetheirgivencultureincludingtheoriginofhistory,placeofnationality,thedevelopmentofsociety,andthestyleofpoliticandeconomy.So,inChinese-Englishtranslation,Chinesewillbeinfluencedbytheirculture,languagestructureandthewayofthinking.ChineseusuallytranslateitinthewaybasedonthehabitofChinesesuchaslinguisticstructureoreveninthetraditionandcultureandcombinevocabularies’straighttranslation.ThenwecallitChinglish.

3.2UsageofvocabulariesinChinese—Englishtranslation

MoreandmorevocabularywiththefeatureofChinglishcameout.Afterthereform,newvocabulariescameout.TheyjustexistinChina.WedidnotfindthecorrespondingwordsinEnglish,sow