中国文化概论英文版Unit8答案.docx

中国文化概论英文版Unit8答案.docx

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中国文化概论英文版Unit8答案

Unit8ChineseLiterature

Warm-upActivity

Questionsfordiscussion:

1）Lookatthefollowingpictures.TheyareallillustrationsofthefamousstoriesofthefourgreatnovelsofChineseliterature.Doyouknoworcanyoutellanyofthesestories?

a.

Story1:

颐和园长廊上的彩绘：

桃园三结义

2008-04拍摄，绘画年代大约于19世纪末

OathofthePeachGarden

TheOathofthePeachGarden（桃园三结义）wasanoathinthehistoricalnovelRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms,bywhichthethreewarriorsLiuBei,GuanYu,andZhangFeibecameswornbrothersinaceremonyamidpeachblossomtrees.TheoriginalgoalofthePeachGardenOathwastoprotecttheHanDynastyfromtheYellowTurbans.ThisactboundthethreekeymenofthefutureShu-HanKingdomofChinaandisoftenalludedtoasasymboloffraternalloyalty.Nothinginhistoricalrecordssuggestsuchaneventhappened,thoughthethreewerenotedtobeclose,tothepointofsharingthesamebed.

Theoath,asitappearsintheWikisourcetranslationofRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms/Chapter1,wasthis:

WhensayingthenamesLiuBei,GuanYuandZhangFei,althoughthesurnamesaredifferent,yetwehavecometogetherasbrothers.Fromthisdayforward,weshalljoinforcesforacommonpurpose,andcometoeachother'saidintimesofcrisis.Weshallavengethenationfromabove,andpacifythecitizenryfrombelow.Weseeknottobebornonthesameday,inthesamemonthandinthesameyear.Wemerelyhopetodieonthesameday,inthesamemonthandinthesameyear.Maythegodsofheavenandearthattesttowhatisinourhearts.Ifweshouldeverdoanythingtobetrayourfriendship,maythegodsinheavenstrikeusdead.

Inmanyothertranslations,onlythesectiondealingwith"dyingontheselfsameday"ispresent.However,thethreebrothersdonotdieonthesameday:

GuanYuisexecutedbySunQuan,ZhangFeiisassassinatedbyhisownmenwhomhetreatedwithcruelty,andLiuBeidiesofillnessafterthedisastrousattemptstoavengeGuanYuandreclaimtheprovinceofJing.

TheoathinspiredthepresentdaysecretsocietiesinChinesecommunities,suchastheTriad,touseasimilarritualwhenswearinginnewmembers."Thoughnotbornonthesamedayofthesamemonthinthesameyear,wehopetodieso"—thephrasethethreebrothersmadeduringtheoath—hadalsobecomepopularamongthepresentdaysecretsocietymembers.（392words）

（http:

//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oath_of_the_Peach_Garden）

Story2:

颐和园长廊彩绘中的徐庶荐诸葛（三顾茅庐）故事

2008-04拍摄，绘画年代大约于19世纪末

ThreeVisitstotheThatchedCottage

AftertheyhadbecomeswornbrothersatTaoyuan,LiuBei,GuanYuandZhangFeimadeconcertedeffortstorestoretheHanDynasty.Buttheyfeltthatitwouldbeimpossibletodoitwithoutthehelpofasmartadviser.TheLiu-Guan-ZhangalliancelaterwononebattleafteranotherthankstotheadviceofXuShu.Butbeforelong,XuhadtosurrendertotheopposingcampofCaoCaoinordertosavethelifeofhismotherwhowasabductedbytheCaotroops.Beforeheleft,XuShurecommendedZhugeLiangtothebrothers.

AccompaniedbyGuanYuandZhangFei,LiuBeiwenttoWolongganginLongzhonginthehopeofinvitingZhugeLiangtobetheirmilitaryadviser.ButZhuge'sservantsaid:

"TheMentorleftinthemorning."LiuBeiaskedtheservanttoforwardtoZhugeLianghismessagethatthebrothershadcometovisithim.Afterthat,Liurodehishorseaway,returninghomesullenly.AfewdayslaterwhenhelearnedthatZhugeLiangwasathome,LiuBeiwentforanothervisitalongwithGuanYuandZhangFei.Theservantsaid:

"TheMentorisreadingbooksathisthatchedcottage."Liurequestedtoseehim.WhentheylearnedthattheonereadingbooksatthethatchedcottagewasnotZhugeLianghimselfbuthisbrotherZhugeJun,theLiu-Guan-Zhangbrothersleftalettertoexpresstheiradmirationandthenbravedheavysnowstoreturnhome.

NotlongaftertheyreturnedtotheirbarracksatXinye,LiuBeiwantedtovisitZhugeLiang'sthatchedcottageoncemore.ButGuanYudissuadedLiufromgoingbysayingthatperhapsZhugeLiangwasnotassmartasexpectedandthathewassimplydodgingthevisitingbrothersforthat.ZhangFeisaid:

"Youdon'tneedtogo.I'lltiehimupandforcehimtocomeandseeyouinstead."LiuBeilostnotimeintellinghisbrothersthestoryofKingWenbentonvisitingoneofhissubjectscalledJiangZiya.Liu,GuanandZhang,therefore,paidathirdvisittoWolonggang.Theyhadnosoonerarrivedthantheservantsaid:

"TheMentorissleeping."LiuBeiwaiteduntilZhugeLiangwasawakeanddressed.Finally,heconsentedtoseethebrothers.LiuBeipaidthreevisitstothethatchedcottagewithoutcomplaint.HefinallysucceededininvitingZhugeLiangtobehismilitaryadviserandtohelpthebrothersintheircause.（416words）

三顾茅庐

《三国演义》中的故事。

刘备、关羽、张飞自桃园结义后，虽整天东奔西跑，但因缺少谋士，总觉得恢复汉朝天下无望。

后来得徐庶帮助，连打胜仗。

徐庶为救母无奈去了曹营。

临走推