大学英语六级考试试题1999年.docx

大学英语六级考试试题1999年.docx

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大学英语六级考试试题1999年

大学英语六级考试试题（1999年1月）

PartI ReadingComprehension

Questions01-05arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

   Inmanaginginformationresources,themediummaybethekeytoaneffectivesystem.Themediumisavehicle,atool,oracontainerforholdinginformation;theinformationitselfisthethingofvalue.

   Threepopularcategoriesofinformationmediaarepaper,film,andelectronicstoragedevicesThemediachoicemustnotbeviewedasachoiceamongthesethree,however;itmustbeviewedasanopportunitytoselectfromamultitudeofmediapossibilitiesincombinationsthatbuildeffectivesystems.Inmanyinstancesthepersonresponsibleforinformation-resourcemanagementisnotthepersonwhodeterminesthemediuminwhichinformationwillbecreated.Insuchacase,themanagerofafirm'sinformationresourcesfacesachallengeinmakingasignificantcontributiontotheorganization'sobjectives.

   Foreffectivemanagementofinformationresources,mediaconversionmaybenecessary.Examplesincludekeyingorscanningpaperdocumentstoconvertthemtoelectronicmedia.Otherprocessesconvertelectronicmediafromoneformattoanother.Forexample,diskfilescreatedononesystemmaynotbecompatiblewithanothersystem.Varioushardwareandsoftwarecombinationscanbeusedtoconvertfilestoformatsthatequipmentwillaccept.Forinformationgeneratedwithinorganizations,thisnecessityofmakingsystemscompatiblemaybeeliminatedbycooperativeplanning.However,verylittlecontrolcanbeexercisedoverthemediausedtogenerateinformationthatcomestoyourorganizationfromtheoutside.

   Themediumforinformationmaybeselectedtosatisfyaneedthatexistswheninformationiscreatedandcommunicated.Forexample,apaperrecordmaybecreatedbecauseofitsportabilityandbecausenospecialequipmentisnecessaryforlaterreferencestothatinformation;electronictransmissionmaybeselectedbecauseitisthefastestmeansofcommunicatinginformation.Afirmmayuseelectronicmailbecauseanetworkalreadyexistsforon-linecomputercommunication.Theadditionalapplicationmaycostlessthanpostagetomailpapermemos.

01.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsumupthepassage?

    A.MediaSelectioninManagingInformationResources.

    B.TheImportanceandNecessityofMediaConversion.

    C.ThreeCategoriesofInformationMedia.

    D.VariousMeansofCommunicatingInformation

02.Thefirstparagraphaimsattellingthereader____.

    A.theimportanceofinformationresourcesmanagement

    B.therelationshipbetweenthemediumandinformation

    C.thegreatvarietyofmediaforholdinginformation

    D.thenumerousresourcesofinformation

03.Accordingtotheauthor,____.

    A.paperisthebeststoragedevice

    B.peoplehave threechoicesinselectinginformationmedia

    C.itisbettertoletthepersonresponsibleforinformation-resourcemanagementdeterminethemedium

    D.themanagershouldbuildaneffectivesystembyselectingagoodcombinationofdifferentmedia

04.Foreffectivemanagementofinformationresources,themanagershould____.

    A.convertallpaperdocumentstoelectronicmedia

    B.makemediaconversionwhennecessary

    C.controlthemediausedtogenerateinformationbothinsideandoutsidehisorganization

    D.useoneformatinprocessinginformation

05.Themainideaofthelastparagraphis____.

    A.paperrecordisthemostconvenientmediumforlaterreference

    B.electronicmailcostslessthanpostagetomailpapermemos

    C.differentmediaforinformationmaybeselectedfordifferentpurposes

    D.byusingdifferentmedia,afirmcancreatevariousinformationforitsobjectives

Questions06-10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

    ManyleadingscientistsdownthroughtheyearsformGalieotoEinsteinhavebeendeeplyreligious.Theyhavebeenintriguedbytheessentialmysteryoflifeandmaterialexistence,andhaverecognizedthatspiritualaswellasscientificunderstandingisneeded.

   Twobiologistsmightexaminealivingcellunderamicroscope.OnewillseetherethehandiworkofGod;theotherwillseeonlywhatevolutionhaschancedtoproduce.Andyetbothwillagreeonthecell'sbiologicalhistory,itscomposition,itsstructure,anditsfunction.OnephysicistwillfindGodintheexquisitelyorganizedandexactlawsofthephysicaluniverse.Anotherphysicistwillnotbeabletoseeanythingbeyondthelawsthemselves.Thereligiousviewsofascientistdonotcomefromhisscience;theycomefromhisentirephilosophy,hiswholeviewoftheworld.Butscientistsarenotuniqueinthismatter;thesamedisparityofthinkingistobefoundamongpeoplefromallwalksoflife.

   Inthemodernworld,scienceservestwoimportantfunctions.Oneistoprovidethebasisforascientifictechnology.Itisinthiswaythatsciencehasthegreatestinfluenceonourdailyliving.Throughtechnology,weadvancethestructureofcivilizationandgainincreasingdominationovertheearthandadjoiningportionsoftheuniverse.Theotherpurposeservedbyscienceisoneofunderstanding.Throughscience,wediscoverhowphenomenaoccurand,toalimitedextent,whytheyhappenthewaytheydo.Vitalprocessesareanalysedandstudied,thatwemayknowmoreofhoworganismsfunction,andhowtheyhavecometobewhattheyare.Throughscience,weseektoknowthatamanis-howhisbodyworksandwhyhethinksanddreams.Aswesearchtoknowourselvesandtheworkingsofourminds,weexpecttofindsolutionstoproblemsofconfusionanddiscontent.Scienceisawaytounderstanding,butinsomewaysitisanarrowpaththatdoesnottouchonallthequestionsposedbythefactsofhumanlife.Sciencedoesnotprovideawayoflife;itdoesnotcreateamoralorder.Itisquiteobviousthatnotallhumanknowledgecanbereducedtoscientificterms.Interpretationsoftheultimatemeaningandvalueoflifewill,inthefinalanalysis,bemademoreonthebasisofspiritualawarenessthanonscientificacuity.

06.Accordingtotheauthor,manyleadingscientists____.

    A.haveacknowledgedthatonlyreligioncanexplainthemysteryoflife

    B.havebeenpuzzledbythemysteryoflifeandmaterialthings

    C.haveattemptedtoexplainphysicallifefromareligiouspointofview

    D.haveengagedinintriguetryingtosolvethemysteryoflife

07.Theauthorsuggestsinthesecondparagraphthat____.

    A.whilesomephysicistsconcludefromthelawsofnaturethatthereisaGod,othersdrawnosuchconclusion

    B.itisonlybystudyingphilosophythatamancandevelopreligiousbeliefs

    C.byexaminingalivingcellunderamicroscopebiologistscanunderstandtheprocessofevolution

    D.thereisadisparityofthinkingbetweenscientistsandpeoplefromotherwalksofliferegardingscienceandreligion

08.Inthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraph,"thismatter"refersto____.

    A.thefactthatascientist'sreligiousviewsderivefromhiswholeoutlookonlife

    B.thefactthatsomepeoplebelieveinGodwhileothersdonot

    C.thedisparityofthinkingbetweenscientistsandpeoplefromotherwalksoflife

    D.thedisparityinthereligiousconclusionsdrawnfromtheobservationofnaturalphenomena

09.Inthethirdparagraph"scientifictechnology"is____.

    A.theapplicationofscientificknowledgetotheskillsofindustry

    B.theapplicationofscienceandindustrytodailylife

    C.scienceandindustryasthebasisofprogress

    D.theuseofscienceandindustrialtechniquesingainingcontroloftheuniverse

10.Inthethirdparagraphitismentionedthatbymeansofscience____areanalyzedandstudied.

    A.thewaysinwhichcellsformed

    B.changesinorganiclife

    C.themainwaysinwhichorganismsdevelop

    D.processesonwhichorganiclifedepends

Questions11-15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

    JosephWeizenbaum,professorofcomputerscienceatMIT,thinksthatthesenseofpoweroverthemachineultimatelycorruptsthecomputerhackerandmakeshimintoanotvery-desirablesortofprogrammer.Thehackersaresoinvolvedwithdesigningtheirprogram,makingitmoreandmorecomplexandbendingittotheirwill,thattheydon'tbothertryingtomakeitunderstandabletootherusers.Theyrarelykeeprecordsoftheirprogramsforthebenefitofothers,andtheytakerarelytimetounderstandwhyaproblemoccurred.

   Computerscienceteacherssaytheycanusuallypickouttheprospectivehackersintheircoursesbecausethesestudentsmaketheirhomeworkassignmentsmorecomplexthantheyneedtobe.Ratherthanusingthesimplestandmostdirectmethod,theytakejoyinaddingextrastepsjusttoprovetheiringenuity.

   Butperhapsthosehackersknowsomethingthatwedon'tabouttheshapeofthingstocome."ThathackerwhohadtobeliterallydraggedoffhischairatMITisnowamultimillionaireofthecomputerindustry,"saysMITprofessorMichaelDertouzos."AndtwoformerhackersbecamethefoundersofthehighlysuccessfulApplehomecomputercompany."

   Whenseeninthislight,thehackerphenomenonmaynotbesostrangeafterall.If,asmanypsychiatristssay,playisreallythebasisforallhumanactivity,thenthehackergamesarereallythepreparationforfuturedevelopments.

   SherryTurkle,aprofessorofsociologyatMIT,hasforyearsbeenstudyingthewaycomputersfitintopeople'slives.Shepointsoutthatthecomputer,becauseitseemstoustobeso"intelligent,"so"capable,"so..."human"affectsthewaywethinkaboutourselvesandourideasabout