管理学.docx
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管理学.docx
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管理学
管理学第一章
1.Thelinesofdistinctionbetweenmanagersandnon-managerialemployeesarenolongerasclearastheyusedtobe.Today,wecandefinemanagersas:
Amanagerissomeonewhoworkswithandthroughotherpeoplebycoordinatingtheirworkactivitiesinordertoaccomplishorganizationgoals.
2.Inatraditionallystructuredorganizationthatresemblesapyramid,thosewhoareresponsibleformakingorganizationwideplansanddecisionsare:
Topmanagers,suchasthepresidentorchairmanoftheboard.
3.Earlyinthe20thCenturyHenriFayol,aFrenchindustrialist,firstanalyzedwhatmanagersdoanddividedthatworkintofunctions.Thestudyofthemanagementfunctionthatdefinesgoalsandestablishesstrategiestoachievethemis
planning.
4.
HenryMintzbergstudiedtherolesmanagersplayatwork,orhowmanagersareexpectedtobehave.Amanagerexplainingacompanypolicytoanewemployeewouldbeactingina(n)________role.
informational
5.ResearchbyRobertKatzfoundthatmanagersneedthreeskills:
technical,human,andconceptual.Forasupervisorteachinganemployeetouseapieceofequipmentsafely,themostimportantoftheseskillswouldbe
Technicalskills
6.Anorganizationhasadistinctpurposeandgoals,iscomposedofpeople,and___________.
Hassomedeliberatestructuresopeoplecanperformtheirwork.
.
7.Theprinciplethatstatesthatmanagementisneededinalltypesandsizesoforganizations,atallorganizationallevels,andinallcountriesisknownas
Theuniversalityofmanagement.
8.Creatingacustomerresponsiveorganization
Dependsontheattitudesandbehaviorsofallemployees.
9.Therateofchangeandlevelofcompetitiontodayrequirethatemployeesandmanagersatalllevelslookfornewandcreativewaystoimproveproductsandservices.Thisrequiresanorganizationto
Encourageriskandinnovation.
10.Agoodreasontostudymanagementisthat
Whenyouholdajob,youwillhaveabetterunderstandingofthemanagementprocessthatformsthefoundationforbuildingyourmanagementskills.
11.Womenarewell-representedatalllowerandmiddlelevelsofmanagement,butnotatthetop.
True
12.AccordingtoaGallupOrganizationstudy,thesinglemostimportantvariableinemployeeproductivityispay.
False
13.Firstlinemanagerswithtitlessuchasshiftordepartmentmangersarealsoknownassupervisors.
True
14.Effectivenessisgettingthemostoutputsfromtheleastamountofinputs.
False
15.Whenmanagersorganize,theymotivatesubordinatestoachievetheorganization'sgoals.
False
16.Evaluatingemployeeperformanceagainstthestandardofapreviouslysetgoaliscontrolling.
True
17.Interpersonalrolesinvolveceremonialandsymbolicdutieswithintheorganization.
False
18.HenryMintzberg'sresearchonmanagerialrolesprovedHenriFayol'sfunctionalapproachtobeincorrect.
False
19.Humanskillsareequallyimportantatalllevelsoftheorganization.
True
20Innovationtheuseofhightechsolutionstosolveproblems.
False
Chapter2
1.Twopre-twentieth-centuryeventsthatmademassproductionpossibleandareimportanttomanagementwere
AdamSmith'sexplanationofthedivisionoflaborandtheIndustrialRevolution
2.FrederickTaylor,the"FatherofScientificManagement,"transformedtheshopfloorintoamoreefficientplaceby
Studyingjobstofindthebestcombinationofprocedures,techniques,andtools.
3.Taylor'smethodsinspiredFrankandLillianGilbrethtoinvent__________toobservethewayworkersmove,makingajobeasierandmoreefficient.
TimeandMotionstudies
4.BureaucracysharessomeofthesameprinciplesasTaylor'sScientificManagement.Someoftheseare
Arational,impersonalworkplacewithanauthoritarianpowerstructure
5.Ausefulapplicationofthequantitativeapproachwouldbe
Economicorderquantitymodelstocontrolinventory
6.ThemostimportantfindingoftheHawthorneStudiesisthat
Socialnormsorgroupstandardswerethekeydeterminantsofindividualworkbehavior.
7.Understandingandapplicationofthesystemsapproachinmanagingorganizationsrequiresthatmanagers
Utilizeconceptualskillstoseehowworkinonepartoftheorganizationaffectsallothers.
8.Thecontingencyapproachstatesthat
Organizationsaredifferent,facedifferentsituations,andshouldbemanageddifferently.
9.Workforcediversityhasbecomeamajorchallengetodaybecause
Wenowrecognizethatemployeesdon'tsetasidetheirculturalvaluesandlifestylepreferenceswhentheycometowork.
10.Knowledgemanagementinvolves
Cultivatingalearningenvironmentinwhichinformationissystematicallygatheredandsharedwithothersintheorganizationtoachievebetterperformance.
11.Inhisbook,WealthofNations,AdamSmithconcludedthatdivisionoflaborincreasedproductivitybyincreasingaworker'sskillanddexterityandsavedtimebynothavingtochangetasks.
True
12.ManagerstodaynolongerusetheGeneralAdministrativetheoriesofTaylor,Fayol,andWeber.
False
13.Linearprogramming,entrepreneurship,optimizationmodels,andcomputersimulationsareallpartofthequantitativeapproachtomanagement.
false
14.TheHawthorneStudiesfoundthataslightwasdecreasedintheworkplace,productivityincreasedinbothgroupsbeingstudied.
ture
15.Whenwedescribeorganizationsassystemstoday,wemeanclosedsystems.
false
16.Thecontingencyapproachisalsoknownasthesituationalapproach.
True
17.Organizationsareworkingtoeliminateunethicalbehaviorthroughtheuseofcodesofethics,training,andhiringethicsofficers.
true
18.Globalizationisafadthatwillpass.
false
19.Entrepreneurshipisthediscoveryofopportunitiesandtheresourcestoexploitthem.
True
20.E-businessisthesamease--commerce.
False
Chapter3
1.TheviewofmanagementthatassumesanincreaseinsalesforTargetStoresinanareaisduetotheclosingofthelocalK-Martratherthanthelocalmanager'sspecialeffortsistypicalof
Symbolicview
2.Anorganization'scultureisimportantbecause
Employeessharedmeaningsandbeliefsshapetheiractionstowardeachotherandoutsiders.
3.Thereareanumberofwaysthatanorganization'scultureistransmittedtoemployees.Uniquetermsandjargonarethepartoforganizationcultureknownas
Language
4.Anorganizationthatishighinrisktolerance,lowtomoderateinaggressiveness,andfocusesonthemeansofgettingthingsdoneaswellastheoutcomes
Willbemostlikelytosupportanethicalculture.
5.Aninnovativecultureislikelytobecharacterizedby
Playfulness,freedom,trust,openness,andrisk-taking.
6.Organizationswithacustomer-responsiveculturehave
Empoweredemployeestousetheirdiscretiontopleasethecustomer.
7.Workplacespiritualityhasbecomeimportanttomanytodaybecause
Itprovidesacounterbalancetothestressesofcontemporarylifeandoffersasenseofcommunity.
8.Customersandsuppliersarepartofthe
Specificenvironment
9.LawssuchastheAmericansWithDisabilitiesActhaveasignificantimpactonbusiness.TheADAisanexampleofthe________conditionsintheexternalenvironmentthataffectbusiness.
Political/legal
10.Managingstakeholderrelationshipsmustbeginwith
Identifyingwhotheyareandwhattheirinterestsare.
11.Realistically,managersareneitherentirelyomnipotentnorsymbolic,butinfluenceanorganization'sperformancewithintheconstraintsoftheenvironment.
True
12.Thestrongeranorganization'sculturebecomes,thelessimpactithasonwhatmanagersdo.
False
13.Theoriginalsourceofanorganization'scultureisusuallythevisionormissionoftheorganization'sfounders.
True
14.Socializationisaprocessbywhichemployeesplanpartiesandritualsforthecompany.
False
15.Anannualawardsceremonyisanorganizationalritual.
True
16.Empowermentofemployeesisacharacteristicofbothcustomer-responsiveandspiritualorganizationalcultures.
True
17.Spiritualorganizationsstifleemployeeexpressionsofemotion.
False
18.Thepartofthegeneralenvironmentknownasdemographictrendsencompasspopulationcharacteristicssuchasage,gender,income,levelofeducation,andgeographiclocation.
True
19.Wedescribethelevelofenvironmentaluncertaintyaseitherdynamicorstable.
True
20.Thefewercustomers,competitors,andotherstakeholders,themorecomplexisanorganization'senvironment.
False
Chapter6
1.Decision-makingistheresultofacomplex,eightstepprocessthatshouldconcludewith
Evaluatingtheeffectivenessofthedecision.
2.Aproblemonlyrequiresadecisionifyouareawarethataproblemexists,havetheresourcestoact,and
Areunderpressuretoact.
3.Thealternativesdevelopedinthedecision-makingprocessshouldbeevaluatedagainsttheestablishedcriteriaandthe
Criteriashouldbeweightedaccordingtotheirimportance.
4.Theideathatmanagerstrytomakedecisionsrationally,butarelimitedbytheirabilitytogatherandprocessinformationiscalled
Boundedrationality
5.Amanagerrespondingtoasevereaccidentontheshopfloorislikelytodecidewhattodobasedon
Intuitionandsomerationalanalysis.
6.Aguestatahotelcomplainsthattheroomhasn’tbeenthoroughlyvacuumed.Thisisaneventthatoccursoccasionallyandcanbehandledwithastandardized,routineresponse.Thiswouldbe
Aprogrammeddecision
7.Thepeopleatthebottomoftheorganizationgenerallydealwithrepetitiveandfa
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