山东大学考博英语真题附答案.docx
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山东大学考博英语真题附答案.docx
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山东大学考博英语真题附答案
2013年山东大学考博英语真题
PartIGrammarandVocabulary
1.Thediscussionwassoprolongedandexhaustingthat__________thespeakersstoppedfordeferments.
A.atlargeB.atintervalsC.ateaseD.atrandom
2.Whentraveling,youareadvisedtotaketravelers’checks,whichprovideasecure__________tocarryingyourmoneyincash.
A.substituteB.selectionC.inferenceD.alternative
3.InevertrustedhimbecauseIalwaysthoughtofhimassuchacharacter.
A.graciousB.suspiciousC.uniqueD.particular
4.Changingfromsolidtoliquid,watertakesinheatfromallsubstancesnearit,andthis__________producesartificialcoldsurroundingit.
A.absorptionB.transitionC.consumptionD.interaction
5.Language,culture,andpersonalitymaybeconsidered__________ofeachotherinthought,buttheyareinseparableinfact.
A.IndistinctlyB.separatelyC.irrelevantlyD.independently
6.ChristmasisaChristianholydayusuallycelebratedonDecember25th__________thebirthofJesusChrist.
A.inaccordancewithB.intermsofC.infavorofD.inhonorof
7.Tosurviveintheintensetradecompetitionbetweencountries,wemust__________thequalitiesandvarietiesofproductswemaketotheworldmarketdemand.
A.improveB.enhanceC.guaranteeD.gear
8.Togiveyouageneralideaofourproducts,weenclosethecataloguesshowingvariousproductshandledbyuswithdetailed__________andmeansofpacking.
A.specimensB.inspectionsC.samplesD.specifications
9.Manyoftheconditionsthat__________populationpressures---overcrowding,unemployment,poverty,hungerandillness---leadtodissatisfaction.
A.bringforwardB.giverisetoC.feedupwithD.resultfrom
10.Arrivinganywherewiththesepossessions,hemightjustaseasily__________foramonthorayearasforasingleday.
A.putupB.stayupC.speedupD.makeup
11.Thefactthattheearth’ssurfaceheats__________providesaconvenientwaytodivideitintotemperatureregion.
A.infrequentlyB.irregularlyC.unsteadilyD.uneverny
12.Ifacatcomestooclosetoitsnest,themockingbird__________asetofactionstoprotectitsoffspring.
A.hastensB.releasesC.devisesD.initiates
13.Howlargeaproportionofthesalesofstoresinornearresortareascanbe__________totouristspending?
A.attributedB.appliedC.contributedD.attached
14.Knowledgeisacomfortableandnecessaryretreatand__________forusinanadvancedage;andifwedonotplantitwhileyoung,itwillgiveusnoshadewhenwegrowold.
A.ingredientB.relianceC.shelterD.inclination
15.SomepeoplewouldliketodoshoppingonSundayssincetheyexpectto__________wonderfulbargainsinthemarket.
A.pickupB.bumpintoC.pileupD.bringback
16.Scientistsaresearchingfortheoldesttree__________becauseitcanteachthemagreatdealaboutmanyissuesrelatedwithclimatechange.
A.livelyB.aliveC.livingD.live
17.ThedestructionoftheTwinTowersinNewYorkCity__________shockandangerthroughouttheworld.
A.temptedB.provokedC.summonedD.enveloped
18.A1994WorldBankreportconcludedthat__________girlsinschoolwasprobablythesinglemosteffectiveanti-povertypolicyinthedevelopingworldtoday.
A.enrollingB.assigningC.involvingD.consenting
19.TheUNofficialsaidaidprogramswillbe__________untilthereisadequateprotectionforreliefpersonnel.
A.multipliedB.arrestedC.spannedD.suspended
20.Despitealmostuniversal__________ofthevitalimportanceofwomen’sliteracy,educationremainsadreamformanywomeninfartoomanycountriesoftheworld.
A.confessionB.identificationC.acknowledgementD.compliment
21.Sincetheislandsoilhasbeenbarrenforsomanyyears,thenativesmustnow__________muchoftheirfood.
A.deliverB.importC.produceD.develop
22.BecauseJenkinsneither__________nordefendseithermanagementorthestrikingworkers,bothaidesadmirehisjournalistic
A.criticizes...acumenB.attacks…neutralityC.confronts…aptitudeD.dismisses…flair
23.Someanthropologistsclaimthatafewapshavebeentaughtarudimentarysignlanguages,butskepticsarguethattheapesareonly__________theirtrainers.
A.imitatingB.condoningC.instructingD.acknowledging
24.Itisironicthatthe__________insightsofthegreatthinkersarevoicedsooftenthattheyhavebecomemere
A.oriinal…clichesB.banal…beliefsC.dubious…habitsD.philosophical-questions25.Themostfrustratingperiodsofanydietaretheinevitable__________,whenweightlossifnotstops.
A.moods…acceleratesB.feasts…haltsC.holidays…contractsD.plateaus…slows
26.Sincetheauthor’sunflatteringreferencestoherfriendswereso__________,shewassurprisedthather__________wererecognized.
A.laudatory…stylesB.obvious…anecdotesC.oblique…allusionsD.critical…eulogies
27.Ifitistruethatmoralitycannotexistwithoutreligion,thendoesnottheerosionofreligionheraldthe__________ofmoraliy?
A,regulationB.basisC.beliefD.collapse
28.Certainanimalbehaviors,suchasmatingrituals,seemtobe__________,andthereforeexternalfactorssuchasclimatechanges,foodsupply,orthepresenceofotheranimalsofthesamespecies.
A.learned…immunetoB.innate…unaffectedbyC.intricate…belongtoD.specific…confusedwith
29.Shakenbytwodecadesofvirtualanarchy,themajorityofpeoplewerereadytobuy__________atanyprice.
A.orderB.emancipationC.hopeD.liberty
30.Asapersonwhocombinescarewith_________,Marisacompletedherdutieswith__________aswellaszeal.
A.levity…resignationB.enthusiasm…meticulousnessC.vitality…willingnessD.empathy…rigor
PartⅡClose
Thestudyofgeneticshasgivenrisetoaprofitablenewindustrycalledbiotechnology.Asthename__31__,itcombinesbiologyandmoderntechnologythroughsuch__32__asgeneticengineering.Someofthenewbiotechcompanies,astheyarecalled,__33__inagricultureandareworkingenthusiasticallytopatent(取得专利)seedsthatgiveahighyield(产量),that__34__disease,droughtandfrost,andthatreducetheneedfordangerouschemicals.__35__suchgoalscouldbeachieved,itwouldbemostbeneficial.Butsomehaveraised__36__aboutgeneticallyengineeredcrops."Innature,geneticdiversity(多样性)iscreatedwithincertainlimits,"saysthebookGeneticEngineering,FoodandOurEnvironment."Arosecanbecrossed(杂交)withadifferentkindofrose,butalosewill__37__crosswithapotato..."Geneticengineering,ontheotherhand,usuallyinvolvestakinggenesfromonespeciesandinsertingthemintoanotherinanattemptto__38__adesiredpropertyorcharacter.Thiscouldmean,__39__,selectingagenewhichleadstotheproductionofachemicalwithantifreezepropertiesfromanarcticfish,andjoiningitintoapotatoorstrawberrytomakeitfrost-resistant.Itisnowpossibleforplantstobeengineeredwithgenes__40__frombacteria,viruses,insects,animalsorevenhumans.__41__,then,biotechnologyallowshumanstobreakthegeneticwallsthat__42__species.Likethegreenrevolution,(43)whatsomecallthegenerevolution(44)contributestotheproblemofgeneticuniformity(千篇一律)–somesayevenmoreso(45)becausegeneticistscanemploytechniquessuch(46)ascloningandorganculture,processesthatproduceperfectly(47)identicalcopies,orclones.Concernsaboutthebiodiversity,therefore,remain.Geneticallyalteredplants,however,raisenew(48)issues,suchastheeffectsthattheymayhaveonusandtheenvironment.―Weareflyingblindlyintoanew(49)ofagriculturalbiotechnologywithhighhopes,fewconstraints,andlittleideaofthepotensial(50),‖saidsciencewriterJeremyRifkin.
31.A.suggestsB.recallsC.concernsD.advises
32.A.conceptsB.viewsC.techniquesD.courses
33.A.participateB.focusC.specializeD.involve
34.A.treatB.avoidC.opposeD.resist
35.A.IfB.UnlessC.SinceD.As
36.A.demandsB.topicsC.concernsD.lessons
37.A.sometimesB.neverC.frequentlyD.eventually
38.A.conveyB.transferC.selectD.collect
39.A.forexampleB.foronethingC.ononehandD.inanycase
40.A.resultedB.evolvedC.injectedD.taken
41.A.IncontrastB.InthatC.IncaseD.Inessence
42.A.separateB.formC.createD.vary
43.A.whatB.whereC.asD.so
44.A.combinesB.contributesC.commandsD.breaks
45.A.thatB.becauseC.ifD.when
46.A.likeB.forexampleC.asD.is
47.A.resemblingB.alikeC.similarD.identical
48.A.issuesB.heightC.difficultiesD.goals
49.A.spotB.eraC.deadlineD.scheme
50.A.navigationsB.mysteryC.outcomesD.destinations
PartⅢReadingComprehension
Passage1
TheCarnegieFoundationreportsaysthatmanycollegeshavetriedtobe―allthingstoallpeople‖.Indoingso,theyhaveincreasinglycateredtoanarrowmindedcareerismwhilefailingtocultivateaglobalvisionamongtheirstudents.Thecurrentcrisis,itcontends,doesnotderivefromalegitimatedesiretoputlearningtoproductiveends.Theproblemisthatintoomanyacademicfields,theworkhasnocontext;skills,ratherthanbeingmeans,havebecomeends.Studentsareofferedavarietyofoptionsandallowedtopicktheirwaytoadegree.Inshort,drivenbycareerism,―thenation’scollegesanduniversitiesaremoresuccessfulinprovidingcredentials(文凭)thaninprovidingaqualityeducationfortheirstudents.―Thereportconcludesthatthespecialchallengeconfrontingtheundergraduatecollegeisoneofshapinganintegratedcoreofcommonlearning.Suchacorewouldintroducestudentstoessentialknowledge,toconnectionsacrossthedisciplines,andintheend,toapplicatio
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