届高三英语第三次模拟考试试题新 人教.docx
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届高三英语第三次模拟考试试题新 人教.docx
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届高三英语第三次模拟考试试题新人教
2019高考第三次模拟考试
英语
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第1节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
HowDidtheAncientChineseKeepFoodWarminWinter?
Facilitieslikeelectricricecookers,microwaves,andelectrickettles,makeiteasyforpeopletokeepfoodwarmandenjoyacomfortablewinter.SohowdidChinesepeopleinancienttimeskeepfoodwarminwinterwithoutthese?
Infact,ancientChinesepeopleusedtheirownmethodsofheatpreservationasearlyastheShangandZhouDynasties.
¡î“WenDing”,ancientricecooker
Oneofthemajorfunctionsofanelectricricecookeristokeepfoodwarm.The“WenDing”,anancientcookingcontainer,servedthesamepurpose,butinsteadofusingelectricenergy,theancientcookingcontainerpreservedheatbyburningfuelslikecharcoal.
The“WenDing”unearthedinNanjingin1989isthoughttobetheoldestofitskinddiscoveredinChina,datingbacktotheStoneAge.Thecraftsmanshipofmakingthe“WenDing”wasdevelopedintheBronzeAge.ThebronzeDingfromtheShangandZhouDynastiestookondifferentshapesandstructures.
¡î“RanLu”,ancientsmallhotpot
The“RanLu”isasmallsizecookingvessel(器皿)madeofbronze,whichcanbedividedintothreeparts.Acharcoalstoveformsthemainstructure,withabottomtraytoholdcharcoalashes,andamovablecupatthetop.Someexpertshaveconcludedthatthevessel’sstructuresuggestsitmayhavebeenusedasasmallhotpotandthatthesevesselsbecamepopularintheWarringStatesPeriod(475-221B.C.).
¡îBronzeYou,ancientkettle
TheBronzeYouwasoneofthemostcommonwinecontainersduringtheShangandZhouDynasties.TheBronzeYoucanalsobeusedtowarmwine.Forexample,theBronzeYouwithbeastmaskdesign,unearthedinJiangxiProvince,hasanopeningwherecharcoalcouldbeplaced.Justaspeopletodaycan’tdowithoutanelectrickettle,theBronzeYouallowedpeopletoenjoyahotdrink.
¡îBronzeYan,ancientsteamer
Althoughthe“WenDing”waseffectiveatkeepingfoodwarm,theancientChinesepeoplelaterfoundthatitsburningprocessproducedpollution.Asaresult,theBronzeYanwasmadewithatwo-tierstructureandusedtosteamriceandothergrains.AftertheEasternHanDynasty(25A.D.—220A.D.),furtherimprovementstotheBronzeYanledtothemodern-daysteamer.
21.Whendidthe“RanLu”becomepopular?
A.IntheZhouDynasty.B.IntheEasternHanDynasty.
C.IntheWarringStatesPeriod.D.IntheStoneAge.
22.TheBronzeYou,unearthedinJiangxiProvince,hasanopeningto.
A.placecharcoalB.storewineC.pourwaterD.holdcharcoalashes
23.WhatistheuniqueadvantageoftheBronzeYan?
A.Itiswarm.B.Itisconvenient.C.Itisuseful.D.Itisenvironment-friendly.
B
Mahendra,aformerseniorofficerattheStateBankofIndia,talksabouthisdisabledandwoundeddogslikeafatherabouthischildren—withthesamelove,affection,andwarmth.He'sawellknownanimalrightsactivist,thesecretaryatPeopleforAnimals(PFA).ButnothingexplainsMahendrabetterthanhisloveforanimals.ItwasthislovethatledhimtoestablishIndia'sfirstshelterhomefordogslivingwithdisabilities.
Itallstartedin1998when,whiletakingamidnightwalk,Mahendracameacrossaveryweakdogonthestreet,whoseboneswereseenunderitsskin.Mahendradecidedtofeeditandforthenextcoupleofdaysitbecamethecentreofhislife,untilthenightwhenhefounditdead.Sincethen,Mahendrastartedprovidingtreatmenttoallwoundedandsickdogshecameacross.Aftersometime,somebodytoldMahendraaboutPFA,India'slargestanimalwelfareorganization,chairedbyMrsManekaGandhi.Mahendracontactedherand,impressedbytheworkhewasdoing,MrsGandhiaskedhimtostartaPFAchapterinAhmedabad.
Thus,in2014,hestartedtheshelter.IttookalongtimeforMahendratofindlandwherethesheltercouldbesetup.Finally,RameshBhaiPatel,afarmerfromavillagenamedJundal,agreedtogivehislandfornothing.Alongwithateamoffourdoctorsandmanyvolunteers,theshelternowhastwentyfivedogsthatwereunabletowalkatallwhentheywerebroughtin.Today,they'reslowlyhealing.
Dogsthathavehealedwithpropertreatmentaresentbacktowheretheycamefromiftheenvironmentthereissafe.However,theshelterwillbehometotheblinddogsforalltheirlives,saysMahendra.
TheshelterrunsonthemoneycomingfromMahendra'sownpocket.TherehavebeensomefinancialcrunchesnowandthenbutMahendraisdeterminedthatnomatterwhatchallengescometheirway,they'llfightthrough.
24.FromParagraph1,whatcanweknowaboutMahendra?
A.Hisaffectionforanimals.
B.Hisloveforseniorpeople.
C.Hiscarefordisabledpeople.
D.Hisdevotiontoprotectinghischildren.
25.Mahendradecidedtodosomethingforanimalsbecauseof________.
A.thedeathofahomelesssickdog
B.hismeetingwithasickdogonenight
C.theencouragementofMrsGandhi
D.hiscontactwiththeorganizationPFA
26.Inhisefforttobuildtheshelter,Mahendra________.
A.spentmuchmoneyhiringaland
B.receivedlittlesupportfromothers
C.gotafreelandfromafarmer
D.wasfinanciallysupportedbythegovernment
27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“crunches”inthelastparagraphmean?
A.Aids.B.Markets.
C.Services.D.Difficulties
C
USscientistssaytheyhavepouredcoldwateronthetheorythatwashinghandswithhotwaterkillsmoregerms(细菌)thanunheatedwater.Thesmallstudyof20peoplefoundusingwaterat15C(59F)lefthandsascleanaswaterheatedto38C(100F).
NationalHealthService(NHS)recommendsthatpeoplewashtheirhandsineithercoldorwarmwater.Inthisstudy,scientistsatRutgersUniversity-NewBrunswickwantedtofindoutifpopularassumptionsaboutthebenefitsofwarmorhotwaterandofficialguidanceonhotwater—giventothefoodindustryintheUS—heldtrue.Theyasked20peopletowashtheirhands20timeseachwithwaterthatwas15C(59F),26C(79F)or38degrees(100F).Volunteerswerealsoaskedtoexperimentwithvaryingamountsofsoap.Beforetheystartedthetests,theirhandswerecoveredinharmlessbugs.Researcherssaytherewasnodifferenceintheamountofbugsremovedasthetemperatureofthewaterortheamountofsoapchanged.
ProfDonaldSchaffnersaid:
“Peopleneedtofeelcomfortablewhentheyarewashingtheirhandsbutasfaraseffectivenessgoes,thisstudyshowsusthatthetemperatureofthewateruseddidnotmatter.”
However,theresearchersaccepttheirstudyissmallandsaymoreextensiveworkisneededtodeterminethebestwaystoremoveharmfulbacteria.
IntheUK,NHSexpertssaypeoplecanusecoldorhotwatertowashtheirhands.Theysayhandsshouldbewashedforatleast20secondsandstresstheimportanceofusingenoughsoaptocoverthewholesurfaceofthehands.Theirguidancefocusesonrubbinghandstogetherinvariouswaystomakesureeachsurfaceofeachhandisclean.
28.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“pouredcoldwater”inParagraph1probablymean?
A.Proved.B.Contradicted.C.Created.D.Accepted.
29.Aftertheywashedtheirhandswitheitherhotorcoldwater,.
A.volunteersalldidn’tfeelverycomfortable
B.volunteersalltalkedaboutAmericanfoodindustry
C.volunteersstillhadmuchgermontheirhands
D.volunteersnearlyhadthesameamountofgermremoved
30.Howdotheresearchersfeelabouttheirstudy?
A.Itispopular.B.Itisconvincing.C.Itisincomplete.D.Itisabstract.
31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.UsingColdWaterInsteadofHotWater.B.HowtoUseColdWatertoWashHands.
C.ItIsBettertoWashHandsinColdWater.D.WashingHandsinColdWaterasGoodasHot.
D
Thehealthofmillionscouldbeatriskbecausesuppliesofmedicinalplantsarebeingusedup.Theseplantsareusedtomaketraditionalmedicine,includingdrugstofightcancer.“Thelossofmedicinalplantsisaquietdisaster,”saysSaraOldfield,secretarygeneraloftheNGOBotanicGardensConservationInternational.
Mostpeopleworldwiderelyonherbal(药草制的)medicineswhicharegotmostlyfromwildplants.Butsome15,000ofthe50,000medicinalspeciesareunderthreatofdyingout,accordingtoreportfromtheinternationalconservationgroupPlantlife.ShortageshavebeenreportedinChina,India,Kenya,Nepal,TanzaniaandUganda.
Over-harvestingdoesthemostharm,thoughpollutionandcompetitionfrominvasivespecies(入侵物种)andhabitatdestructionallcontribute.“Businessmengenerallyharvestmedicinalplants,notcaringaboutsustainability(可持续性),”thePlantlifereportsays,“damageisseriouspartlybecausetheyhavenoideaaboutit,butitismainlybecausesuchcollectionisunorganized.”MedicinaltreesatriskincludetheHimalayanyew(紫衫)andtheAfricancherry,whichareusedtotreatsomecancers.
Thesolution,saysthereport’sauthor,AlanHamilton,istoencouragelocalpeopletoprotecttheseplants.TenprojectsstudiedbyPlantlifeinIndia,Pakistan,China,Nepal,UgandaandKenyashowedthismethodcansucceed.InUganda,theprojecthaskeptasustainablesupplyoflow-costcancertreatments,andinChinaapublic-runmedicinalplantprojecthasbeencreatedforthefirsttime.”
“Improvinghealth,earninganincomeandkeepingculturaltraditionsareimportantinencouragingpeopletoprotectmedicinalplants,”saysHamilton,“Youhavetopayattentiontowhatpeopleareinterestedin.”
GhilleanPrance,theformerdirectoroftheRoyalBotanicGardensatKewinLondon,agreesthatmedicinalplantsareinneedofprotection.“Notnearlyenoughisbeingdone,”hetoldNewScientist.“Wearedestroyingtheveryplantsthatareofmostusetous.”
32.Fromt
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