译林版高一英语必修第三册版Unit2单元测试.docx
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译林版高一英语必修第三册版Unit2单元测试.docx
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译林版高一英语必修第三册版Unit2单元测试
Unit2单元达标检测
第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
MarvelatThesefreaksofNature
Theworldisfilledwithunique,breathtakingsites—fromboilingcraterstocavesfulloflightningbugs.Whileglobaldiseasesornaturaldisastersshockoursoul,wemightnotappreciatenature.Infact,enjoyingthewonderofnaturecanprovidesomebreaksfromtoomuchtimeindoors.ThesesitesaregreatforyouwhenlookingforhopeinsomeofMotherNature’sgreatestofferings.
01TheFlyGeyser(WashoeCounty,Nevada)
ThisgeyserinnorthernNevada,foundsurroundedbyfieldsofgrasswascreatedbyaccidentwhenageothermalpowercompanydrilledatestwell(井)wherethegeysernowsitsin1964.Thecombinationofcalciumcarbonatedeposits(碳酸钙沉积物)andextremelyhotwaterresultedinthreenearly6-foot-high,brightlycoloredredandgreenhillsthatshoothotwaterintotheair.
02Themarble(大理石)Caves(Aysen,Chile)
Thesecaves-accessibleonlybyboat--sitintheheartofPatagoniaandwereformedover6000yearsagoaswatercontinuedtosplashagainstthesolidrockformationstocreatetheseuniquebluemarbleformations.
03LakeSorvagsvatn(Vagar,theFaroeIslands)
Thisfreshwaterlakeisfamousforitsappearanceof“floatingabovetheocean”.Thoughit’sactuallynoteven100feetabovesealevelfromvariouscameraangles,thelakelookslikeitishundredsoffeetabovetheoceanbecauseofitsjuxtaposition(并列)withadramaticwaterfallandtheclifftoitsside.
04KrkaNationalPark(Sibenik-Knin,Croatia)
ThisnationalparkinsouthernCroatiaisfamousforhavingnotone,butseven,gorgeouswaterfallsstreamingwithgreenish-bluewater,includingtheattractiveSkradinskiBukwaterfallTheclearwaterinitsbasinisoftenfilledwithvisitorstakingadip(快游).
1.Accordingtothetext,thefollowingareallfalseexceptthat.
A.thesesitesallhavesomethingtodowithwaterfalls.
B.youmayseelightningbugsintheMarbleCaves.
C.LakeSprvagsvatnisfloatinghundredsoffeetabovetheocean.
D.theFlyGeyserhas6colorfulhillsshootinghotwaterintotheair.
2.Ifvisitorswanttohaveaswim,theyshouldgo.
A.theFlyGeyser.
B.LakeSorvagsvatn.
C.KrkaNationalPark.
D.themarbleCaves.
3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?
A.Togivebasicfactsaboutthesefreaksofnature.
B.Toexplainthereasonswhythesesitesaregreat.
C.Tocallonpeopletoappreciatethesefreaksofnature.
D.Toofferadviceonhowtovisitthesewondersof.
B
AstormhitHouston,Texas,onTuesday.Itbroughtheavyrainsandrisingfloodwaters.ByTuesdaynight,somepartsofthecityhadreceived10inchesofrain.Policeandfirefightershelpedpeoplemovetosafeplaces.Theyalsosavedpeoplefromcarsandbusesthatwerestuckonroads.
CertainareasaroundHoustonwerehitreallyhard.Injustfourhours,morethanseveninchesofrainfellinSugarLandinthesouthwestofHoustonCarscouldnotpassthroughanyoftheareasmainroadwaysOnTwitter,SugarLandcityofficialsaskedpeopletogettohighground.
Tuesday’srainhitpartsofTexasthatHurricaneHarveyhadalreadydamagedalmosttwoyearsagoHurricaneHarveyinaugust,2017wasthesecondmostcostlyhurricaneinUShistory.Itcaused$125billionworthofdamageinTexas.IntheHoustonarea,36peoplediedandabout150,000homeswereflooded.
AspokesmanfortheHarrisCountyOfficeofHomelandSecurityandEmergencyManagementsaidthatthisweek’srain“isnotinanywayaHarveylevelevent.”
Buttheworstmaynotbeoveryet.PeoplewillhaveabreakfromtheheavyrainonWednesdayAccordingtotheNationalWeatherService,theTexasGulfCoastwillcontinuetoexperienceheavyrainlaterintheweek.“Todayshouldbeourquietestoverthenextfewdaysforrainfall,”saidDonOettinger,aNationalWeatherServicemeteorologist(气象学家).
HoustonfireChiefSamuelPeiawarned,“Asthereistoomuchwateronthegroundandflashfloodsarelikelytohappen,wehopepeoplearecarefulofwhatthey’redoingandencouragethemtostayhomeThere’snosenseinputtingyourself,firefightersoranybodyindangerneedlessly.”
4.WhatareParagraphs1and2mainlyabout?
A.FlooddamageinHouston.
B.FloodpreventioninHouston.
C.HeavyfloodshittingHouston.
D.PeoplefightingfloodsinHouston.
5.WhatdoweknowaboutHurricaneHarvey?
A.Itcausednodeathsorinjuries.
B.ItdidalotofdamagetoTexas.
C.Itwaslessseriousthanthisweek’srain.
D.Itwasthebiggesthurricaneonrecord
6.WhatcanwelearnfromtheweatherreportoftheNationalWeatherService?
A.Finedaysarecoming.
B.Itwillrainalittlenon-stop.
C.ahurricaneisunavoidable.
D.Floodswillcontinue
7.WhatdidSamuelsuggestlocalpeopledo?
A.Stayindoors.
B.Joinfirefighters.
C.Giveupneedlessthings.
D.Comfortthosewholosthomes.
C
EarthquakesusuallyhappenontheedgesoflargesectionsoftheEarth’splates.Theseplatesslowlymoveoveralongperiodoftime.Sometimestheedges,whicharecalledfaultlines,cangetstuck,buttheplateskeepmoving.Pressureslowlystartstobuildupwheretheedgesarestuckand,oncethepressureretsstrongenoughtheplateswillsuddenlymovecausinganearthquake.
Generally,beforeandafteralargeearthquakeherewillbesmallerearthquakes.Theonesthathappenbeforearecalledforeshocks.Theonesthathappenafterarecalledaftershocks.Scientistsdon’treaallyknowifanearthquakeisaforeshockuntilthebiggerearthquakeoccurs.
Shockwavesfromanearthquakethattravelthroughthegroundarecalledseismicwaves(地震波).Theyaremostpowerfulatthecenteroftheearthquake,buttheytravelthroughmuchoftheearthandbacktothesurface.Theymovequicklyat20timesthespeedofsound.
Scientistsuseseismicwavestomeasurehowbiganearthquakeis.Theyuseadevicecalledtheseismograph(地震仪)tomeasurethesizeofthewaves.Thesizeofthewavesiscalledthemagnitude.
Totellthestrengthofanearthquake,scientistsuseascalecalledtheMomentMagnitudeScaleorMMS(itusedtobecalledtheRichterScale).ThelargerthenumberontheMMSis,thelargertheearthquakewillbe.Youusuallywon’tevennoticeanearthquakeunlessitmeasuresatleast3ontheMMSHerearesomeexamplesofwhatmayhappendependingonthescale.
4.0—Itwillshakeyourhouseasifalargetruckwerepassingcloseby.Somepeoplemaynotnotice.
5.0—Ifyouareinacar,itmayshake.Glassesanddishesmayrattle.Windowsmaybreak.
6.0—Itemswillfalloffshelves.Wallsinsomehousesmaycrackandwindowsbreakprettymucheveryonenearthecenterwillfeelthisone.
7.0—Weakerbuildingswillcollapseandcrackswilloccuronbridgesandstreets.
8.0—ManybuildingsandbridgeswillfalldownLargecrackswilloccurintheearth.
9.0—andup--Wholecitieswillbeflattenedandlarge-scaledamagewillbecaused.
8.Ifa5.0-magnitudeearthquakehityourarea,whatmighthappen?
A.Yourhousemightshakeviolently.
B.Peoplemightfeelnoshakingatall.
C.Thefamilyphotomayfalloffthewall.
D.Theremightbecrackseverywhereonstreets.
9.WhatdoestheauthormeanbysayingtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2?
A.It’sstillhardtotellforeshocksfrommainearthquakes.
B.Scientistscan’texactlymeasurethestrengthofanearthquake.
C.Peoplemayignoreforeshockswhenanearthquakeisnotsostrong.
D.Theearthquakewon’tcauseanydamageunlessitreaches9.0MMS.
10.Thewriterexplainstheconceptsconcerningtheearthquakeby______.
A.listingexamples.
B.givingexplanations.
C.makingcomparisons.
D.offeringdata.
11.Thepassageiswrittenmainlyto______.
A.enrichpeople’sknowledgeofself-rescueindisasters.
B.stresstheimportanceofearthquakerescue.
C.issueearlywarningsbeforeanearthquake.
D.presentfactsabouttheearthquake.
D
CoalburningdeepundergroundinChina.IndiaandIndonesiaisthreateningtheenvironmentandhumanlifewhichscientistshavewarned.Theselarge-scaleundergroundfirescausethegroundtemperaturetoheatupandkillsurroundingvegetation,producegreenhousegasesandcanevenbringaboutforestfires,apanel(专门小组)ofscientiststoldtheannualmeetingoftheAmericanassociationfortheAdvancementofscienceinDenver.Theywarnedtheresultingreleaseofpoisonouselementslikearsenic(砷)andmercury(汞)couldalsopollutelocalwatersourcesandsoilsCoalfiresareaglobaldisaster,"saidAssociateProfessorGlennStracherofEastGeorgiaCollegeinSwainsboro,theUS.Butsurprisinglyfewpeopleknowaboutthem.
Coalcanheatuponitsown.Theheatproducedwillnotdisappearandcaneventuallytriggerspontaneouscombustion(自燃)ifthereisacontinuousoxygensupplyThiscanoccurundergroundincoalstockpiles(煤堆)abandonedminesorevenascoalistransported.SuchfiresinChinadestroyupto200milliontonsofcoalperyeardelegatesweretold.Incomparison,theUseconomyconsumesaboutonebilliontonsofcoalannually,saidStracher,whoseanalysisofthelikelyeffectofcoalfireshasbeenacceptedforpublicationintheInternationaljournalofCoalEcology.Onceunderway,coalfirescanburnfordecades,evencenturies.Intheprocess,theyreleaselargevolumesofgreenhousegases,poisonousfumesandblackparticlesintotheatmosphere.
Themembersofthepaneldiscussedtheeffectthesefiresmaybehavingonglobalandregionalclimatechange,andagreedthattheundergroundnatureofthefiresmakesthemdifficulttodetect(发现).Oneofthemembersofthepanel,AssistantProfessorPaulVanDijkoftheInternationalInstituteforgeo-InformationscienceandearthObservationintheNetherlandshasbeenworkin
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