商务英语毕业论文 论中西方饮食文化差异.docx
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商务英语毕业论文 论中西方饮食文化差异.docx
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商务英语毕业论文论中西方饮食文化差异
抚顺职业技术学院外语系毕业论文
论中西饮食文化差异
ONTHECULTURALDIFFERENCESBETWEENCHINESEANDWESTERNFOOD
作者沈倩
院系外语系
专业商务英语
年级2009级
班级________商务英语二班_
学号0906010218
指导教师贾荣武
二零一一年十二月
内容摘要
摘 要:
饮食是人类生活、生存与发展的必需,可是由于中西方文化传统的差异,导致了中西方饮食文化在观念、对象、方式、归属与性质方面产生了差异,研究这些差异,找出可以融会贯通的地方,促进中西文化交流。
台湾张起钧教授说过“古语说‘饮食男女人之大欲存焉’。
由此赋予饮食以丰富的文化内涵,虽然饮食文化在西方不够发达,但这种不发达本身也是一种文化发展的结果,所以对中西饮食文化的比较仍有意义。
通过对中西饮食文化差异的分析,我们可以了解中西方各自的文化传统;同时能对中国文化进行改善与创新。
关键词:
饮食文化文化传统差异
Abstract
Dietisabsolutelynecessaryinthelifeofmankind,andevenintheexistenceordevelopment.BecauseofthedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesternculturaltraditions,theChineseandwesterndietaryculturesaredifferentinconcept,target,pattern,attributionandnature.Westudythesedifferencesandthenfindoutthepointsthatcanbedigested,inordertofacilitatethecommunicationaboutculturesbetweenChinaandthewest.TaiwanProfessorZhangQijunsaid,“Theoldsaying,'Eat,drink,man,womanwhowishesgreatly'.Thusthedietisrichinculture.Foodcultureinthewestisnotdevelopedenough,butthisunderdevelopmentitselfistheresultofthedevelopmentofaculture,soitisstillsignificanttostudythedietaryculturesofChineseandWesterndiet.BytheanalysisofthedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesterndietarycultures,wecancomprehendtherespectiveculturaltraditionsofChinaandthewest.AndwecanalsoimproveandcreatethecultureofChina
KeyWords:
dietary,culturecultural,traditiondifferences
Contents
PartIIntroduction……………………………………………………..…5
PartIIThedifferencesinconcepts………………………………….......5
2.1Culturaldifferences……………………......................................6
2.2ComparingwiththeChinesediet,westerndiettastes.....................
Stereotyped..…........................................................................6
PartIIIChinesedietisasenseofbeautydiet………………………....7
3.1Thisdishis"delicious"……….................................................7
3.2Differencesintargetsalldietcannotbedonewithout............
vegetables.............................................................................8
PartIVWesternersdonotseemtohavesuchagoodhabit….........8
4.1Therearemoremeatdishesinwesternlives…….................8
PartVTheculturalbehaviors……...................................................10
5.1ThedifferenceculturalbehaviorsinwesternandChinese….10
5.2DifferenceinDietAttributionTherearedifferencesbetween.....
ChineseAndwesterndietattribution……..............................12
5.3DifferencesinDietaryPatterns……........................................13
PartVIConclusion…………………......................................................14
References………………………...………..…………….…….....................15
OnTheCulturalDifferencesBetweenChineseAndWesternFood
PartIIntroduction
Oncethereisasayingthat"Foodiseatingwell-deservedforhumanlife”,sofoodisanindispensableconditionforthesurvivalanddevelopmentofhumanbeings..Therearetwodesiresinlife:
oneisfeastingthemtosurvive;andanotheristhelustofmenandwomen,whichcanhelpthemankindtocarryonthefamilyline.Facingthetwodesires,Chinapaysmoreattentiontotheformer,whilethewesttendstothelatter.Suchphenomenonaffectstheculturaltrend.Dietisactuallythecontentsofourdailylives,butwhywecallitculture?
ThatisbecausethediethasspecialstatusintheChineseculture,anditalsohasagreatdistinctionbetweenChinaandthewest.Asoneoftheworldancientnations,China’sdiethasahistoryalmostaslongasthatofChinesecivilization.Butinwesterncountries,ancientthinkersdevotedlessattentiontothefoodproblemthantheChinesephilosophersdid,andthereisevennotawareofittothe"heaven"degree.Receivingtheinfluenceofrespectiveculturaltradition,theChineseandwesterndietaryculturehashaddifferentcharacteristic
PartIIThedifferencesinconcepts
Targets,patterns,attributionandnatureadreflectedthedifferentdietarycultureinthedifferentstatecharacteristic;suchcharacteristichasenrichedtheresearchvalueofdietaryculture
2.1culturaldifferences
WecanfindoutajointenhancingthecommunicationbetweenChinaandthewestthroughacomprehensivestudyofthesubject.ItmaybeagreathelptothecommunicationoftheChineseandwesterncultures.I.DifferencesinConceptsFirst,theChineseandwesterndiethavethedifferencesthatcannotbeignoredinconcepts.NobodywilldenythattheWesterndietisarationalconcept,regardlessofthecoloroffood,incense,flavorandshape,butnutritionmustbeassured.Itcaresabouttheintakeofcalories,vitamins,proteinandsoonduringaday.
2.2ComparingwiththeChinesediet,westerndiettastesstereotyped
Assimpleaschewingthecandle,butthesensetellsthem:
Wemusteatthemallbecauseofthenutrition.Andthentheyputitbluntly,justlikerefuelingmachine.Theconceptofwesterndietiscompatiblewiththewholewesternphilosophy.Metaphysicsisthemainfeatureofwesternphilosophy.Suchkindofphilosophybringsvitalitytowesternculture,sothenaturalsciences,psychologyandmethodologyachievearapiddevelopment.Insomeotheraspects,suchphilosophypropositionisasignificantlyobstacle,suchasthedietaryculture,whichistheinevitablethingtodropbehind,andjustthemetaphysicsofmethodologymarkseverywhere.Incelebration,itstressestableware,stressesthestaple,stressestheservings,andstressesthecolorandshapemixofrawmaterials.Butnomatterhowluxuriousthegradeis;fromLosAngelestoNewYork,onlyonetasteofsteak,itisnoarttospeakof.Andasdishes,thechickenischicken;steakissteak,eveningroups,whicharealsoconductedinashallowdish.Inadishof"FrenchMuttonchops",onesideispotatomud,andmuttonchopssitsnexttoit,anothersideisallocationofcookingbeans,andplusafewtabletsoftomato.Colorisonclear,butthetastesofthevariousmaterialsareseparated,nottoreconcile,andtheentireflavorisalsosimpleandclear
PartIIIChinesedietisasenseofbeautydiet
3.1Thisdishis"delicious"
Whenpeoplesampledishes,theyoftensaythisdishis"delicious",andthatdishis"notdelicious".Butifyouaskwhatismeantby"delicious",why"tasty"andwhataretheaspectsof"delicious",Iamafraidthatitwillbedifficulttoanswer.ThisshowsthatwhichChinesepeoplehankeronadietisjustthe“mood”thatisdifficultforonetosayanything.Evenusingthe"color,flavor,shapeandimplement"whichpeopleoftensaidtomakethe"realm"reification,IamafraiditisstilldifficulttocrownallItcontainsawealthofdialecticsofChinesephilosophy,andallthesedependonthedegreeofthewonderfulflavorandharmonyofdish.Theever-changingwithindegreesdecidesthechangeableofChinesefood,anditalsodecidesthecharacteristicsofChinesefoodaswellasthecharacteristicsoneachofthechefs.
3.2.Differenceintargetsalldietcannotbedonewithoutvegetables
Theword"dish"isforthesoundinChina,anditalwayshassomethingtodowiththeplants.Accordingtoasurveyofwesternplantsscholar,thereare600varietiesofvegetables,sixtimesmorethaninthewest.Infact,theChinesedishes,vegetabledishisusualfood.Meatdishenteredthenormaldietonlyonholidaysorhigherlivingstandards,sosinceancienttimes,andtherewasasayingof"freshvegetables".Mandarinlanguage:
"Commonpeopleeatfreshvegetables,fishonlyofferedintheworship."Itissaidthatfreshvegetablesaremainlytothecivilianingeneral,onlybeingabletoeatmeatonlyinworship.Vegetariandiettakesthedominantpositioninthenormalstructure.Chinesepeopleconsiderthevegetablesasthemaindish;ithasinextricablylinkedwiththeadvocacyofBuddhists.Theydeemanimalsas"people"andplantshave"nosoul."So,theyadvocatevegetarianism
PartIVWesternersdonotseemtohavesuchagoodhabit
Theyupholdaculturaloriginofnomadic,seafaringnation.Livingmainlybyfishingandhunting,collectionandplantingarejustthecomplement.Therearemoremeatdishesintheirlives.
4.1Therearemoremeatdishesinwesternlives
Feeding,clothing,andusingaretakenfromtheanimals,andevenWesternmedicineisderivedfromanimals.Whenthewesternersintroducethedietcharacteristicsoftheircountries,theyalwaysfeelthattheirdietismorereasonableonthemixofnutritionthanChina.Thefoodindustryismoredeveloped,suchascans,fastfood,althoughthetasteismonotonous,butitsavestime,anditalsohasgoodnutrition.Therefore,intheircountries:
peoplearegenerallyhealthierandtallerthanChinese,andthepeoplehavestrongshouldersanddevelopedmuscles;butChinesepeoplelookshort,theirshouldersnarrowandlegsthin,theirskinyellowandtheirbodyweak.ThedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesternfoodforWesternerstojudgethemeritsofthetwodietisnotjustified.Mr.SunYat-senhadprofoundstudyofthecultureoffoodandincisiveexposition.InhiscomposingTheSchemeforNationalReconstruction,detailingthedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesterndietphenomenon,heconcludes:
"Chineseordinarypeopledrinkgreentea,andeatsimplefoodsuchasvegetablesandtofuformeal.Suchkindsoffoodarethemosthealthyandbeneficialaccordingtotheresearchofhygienist.
Therefore,theremotepeopleinchina,whosedietarefarfrommeatandwine,alwayslivealonglife.AlsoChinahasabigpopulation,andChinesepeoplehaveenormouspowertoresistdisease,buttheynevertrythenon-diet.“Headde
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