英语四级阅读理解练习及答案16年.docx
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英语四级阅读理解练习及答案16年.docx
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英语四级阅读理解练习及答案16年
1)takearaincheck改期
2)lostcount弄不清楚
3)beinanotherworld精神恍惚;魂不守舍
4)makeyourselfathome随意,随便
5)saveyourbreath省口气吧;别白费口舌了
6)makesense有意义,理解
7)costsb.anarmandaleg非常昂贵
8)burnaholeinone'spocket很快地被花光
9)fillone'sshoes很好地顶替;令人满意地替代
10)isicecold表示理所当然
11)likeapplesandoranges用来表示无法相比的事物
12)loseone'strainof忘记
13)meeteachotherhalfway相互妥协,让步
14)onthedot准时;正点
15)onceandforall最后一次;干脆
16)outofearshot不在听力所及围
17)outofthisworld非常好
18)playbyear随机应变,视情形而定
19)ringabell令人想起某件事;听起来耳熟
1.。
。
Ifthepopulationoftheearthgoesonincreasingatitspresentrate,therewilleventuallynotbeenoughresourceslefttosustainlifeontheplanet.Bythemiddleofthe21stcentury,ifpresenttrendscontinue,wewillhaveusedupalltheoilthatdrivesourcars,forexample.Evenifscientistsdevelopnewwaysoffeedingthehumanrace,thecrowdedconditionsonearthwillmakeitnecessaryforlustolookforopenspacesomewhereelse.Butnoneoftheotherplanetsinoursolarsystemarecapableofsupportinglifeatpresent.Onepossiblesolutiontotheproblem,however,hasrecentlybeensuggestedbyAmericanscientist,ProfessorCarlSagan.
Saganbelievesthatbeforetheearth'sresourcesarecompleetelyexhausteditwillbepossibletochangetheatmophereofVenusandsocreateanewworldalmostaslargeasearthitself.ThedifficultisthatVenusismuchhotterthantheearthandthereisonlyatinyamountofwaterthere.
Saganproposesthatalgaeorganismsthatcanliveinextremelyhotorcoldatmospheresandatthesametimeproduceoxygen,shouldbebredinconditionsimilartothoseonVenus.Assoonasthishasbeendone,thealgaewillbeplacedinsmallrockets.SpaceshipwillthenflytoVenusandfiretherocketsintotheatmosphere.Inafairlyshorttime,thealgewillbreakdownthecarbondioxideintooxygenandcarbon.
Whenthealgaehavedonetheriwork,theatmospherewillbecomecooler,butbeformancansetfootonVenusitwillbeneccessaryfortheoxygentoproducerain.ThesurfaceoftheplanetwillstillbetoohotformantolandonitbuttherainwilleventuallyfallandinafewyearssomethinglikeearthwillbereproducedonVenus.
1.Intelongrun,themostinsolubleproblemcausedbypopulationgrowthonearthwillprobablybethelackof______.
a.food
b.oil
c.space
d.resources
2.CarlSaganbelievesthatVenusmightbecolonizedfromearthbecause_____
a.itmightbepossibletochangeitsatmosphere
b.itsatmosphereisthesameastheearth's
c.thereisagoodsupplyofwateronVenus
d.thedaysonVenusarelongenough
3.OnVenusthereisalotof________.
a.water
b.carbondioxide
c.carbonmonoxide
d.oxygen
4.Algaeareplantsthatcan____.
a.liveinveryhottemperatures
b.liveinverycoldtemperatures
c.manufactureoxygen
d.alloftheabove
5.MancanlandonVenusonlywhen_______.
a.thealgaehavedonetheirwork
b.theatmospherebecomescooler
c.thereisoxygen
d.itrainsthere
答案:
cabdd
2.。
。
PeoplelivingonpartsofthesouthcoastofEnglandfaceaseriousproblem.In1993,theownersofalargehotelandofseveralhousesdiscovered,totheirhorror,thattheirgardenshaddisappearedovernight.Theseahadeatenintothesoftlimestonecliffsonwhichtheyhadbeenbuilt.Whileexpertswerestudyingtheproblem,thehotelandseveralhousesdisappearedaltogether,slidingdownthecliffandintothesea.
Erosion(侵蚀)ofthewhitecliffsalongthesouthcoastofEnglandhasalwaysbeenaproblembutithasbecomemoreseriousinrecentyears.Dozensofhomeshavehadtobeabandonedastheseahascreptfartherandfartherinland.Expertshavestudiedtheareasmostaffectedandhavedrawnupamapforlocalpeople,forecastingtheyearinwhichtheirhomeswillbeswallowedupbythehungrysea.
AngryownershavecalledontheGovernmenttoerectseadefensestoprotecttheirhomes.Governmentsurveyorshavepointedoutthatinmostcases,thisisimpossible.Newseawallswouldcosthundredsofmillionsofpoundsandwouldmerelymakethewavesandcurrentsgofurtheralongthecoast,shiftingtheproblemfromoneareatoanother.Thedangerislikelytocontinue,theysay,untilthewavesreachaninlandareaofhardrockwhichwillnotbeeatenaslimestoneis.Meanwhile,ifyouwanttobuyacheaphousewithanuncertainfuture,applytoahouseagentinoneofthethreatenedareasonthesouthcoastofEngland.Youcangetahouseforaknockdownpricebutitmayturnouttobeaknockdownhome.
1.WhatisthecauseoftheproblemthatpeoplelivingonpartsofthesouthcoastofEnglandface?
A)Thedisappearanceofhotels,housesandgardens.
B)Theexperts’lackofknowledge.
C)Therisingofthesealevel.
D)Thewashing-awayoflimestonecliffs.
2.TheerosionofthewhitecliffsinthesouthofEngland________.
A)willsoonbecomeaproblemforpeoplelivingincentralEngland
B)hasnowbecomeathreattothelocalresidents
C)isquicklychangingthemapofEngland
D)canbestoppedifpropermeasuresaretaken
3.Theexperts’studyontheproblemoferosioncan________.
A)leadtoitseventualsolution
B)provideaneffectivewaytoslowitdown
C)helptopreventitfromworsening
D)warnpeoplewhosehomesareindanger
4.Itisnotfeasibletobuildseadefensestoprotectagainsterosionbecause________.
A)itistoocostlyandwillendangerneighbouringareas
B)thegovernmentistooslowintakingaction
C)theywillbeeasilyknockeddownbywavesandcurrents
D)houseagentsalongthecoastdonotsupporttheidea
5.Accordingtotheauthor,whenbuyingahousealongthesouthcoastofEngland,peopleshould________.
A)beawareofthepotentialdangerinvolved
B)guardagainstbeingcheatedbythehouseagent
C)takethequalityofthehouseintoconsideration
D)examinethehousecarefullybeforemakingadecision
参考答案
1.C2.B3.A4.B5.D
3.。
。
Statusesaremarveloushumaninventionsthatenableustogetalongwithoneanotherandtodeterminewherewe"fit"insociety.Aswegoaboutoureverydaylives,wementallyattempttoplacepeopleintermsoftheirstatuses.Forexample,wemustjudgewhetherthepersoninthelibraryisareaderoralibrarian,whetherthetelephonecallerisafriendorasalesman,whethertheunfamiliarpersononourpropertyisathierorameterreader,andsoon.
Thestatusesweassumeoftenvarywiththepeopleweencounter,andchangethroughoutlife.Mostofuscan,atveryhighspeed,assumethestatusesthatvarioussituationsrequire.Muchofsocialinteractionconsistsofidentifyingandselectingamongappropriatestatusesandallowingotherpeopletoassumetheirstatusesinrelationtous.Thismeansthatwefitouractionstothoseofotherpeoplebasedonaconstantmentalprocessofappraisalandinterpretation.Althoughsomeofusfindthetaskmoredifficultthanothers,mostofusperformitrathereffortlessly.
Astatushasbeencomparedtoready-madeclothes.Withincertainlimits,thebuyercanchoosestyleandfabric.ButanAmericanisnotfreetochoosethecostume(服装)ofaChinesepeasantorthatofaHinduprince.Wemustchoosefromamongtheclothingpresentedbyoursociety.Furthermore,ourchoiceislimitedtoasizethatwillfit,aswellasbyourpocketbook(钱包).Havingmadeachoicewithintheselimitswecanhavecertainalterationsmade,butapartfromminoradjustments,wetendtobelimitedtowhatthestoreshaveontheirracks.Statusestoocomereadymade,andtherangeofchoiceamongthemislimited.
这是一篇说明文,讲的是人们的Status(身份、地位)这一问题。
51.Inthefirstparagraph,thewritertellsusthatstatusescanhelpus_______.
A)determinewhetherapersonisfitforacertainjob
B)behaveappropriatelyinrelationtootherpeople
C)protectourselvesinunfamiliarsituations
D)makefriendswithotherpeople
[答案及分析]:
[B]事实辨认题。
问在第一段作者告诉我们人的身份对我们有下列哪种帮助。
第一段第一句说得很明白:
“身份有助于我们和别人相处,决定我们在社会中所处的地位、扮演的角色”,[B]项意为“正确地与人交往”,正是上述意思。
52.Accordingtothewriter,peopleoftenassumedifferentstatuses______.
A)inordertoidentifythemselveswithothers
B)inordertobetteridentifyothers
C)astheirmentalprocesseschange
D)asthesituationchanges
[答案及分析]:
[D]事实辨认题。
问作者认为,在什么情况下人们经常具有不同的身份。
[A]项意为“为了将自己预其他人区别开”,[B]项为“为了更好地识别他人”,[C]项为“当心理发生变化时”,[D]项意为“随着环境的变化”。
[A]、[B]、[C]三项都不合文章原意,并且根据第二段第一、二句话可知[D]项正确。
53.Theword"appraisal"(Line5,Para.2)mostprobablymeans"_______".
A)involvementB)appreciationC)assessmentD)presentation
[答案及分析]:
[C]词义理解题。
问第二段第六行中的appraisal一词的意思是什么。
根据该词所在的句子,可知该词含义和mentalprocess(思想过程)有关,并且可能与和其并列的词interpretation(解释,说明,理解)有一定相似之处。
involvement意为“陷入,卷入;牵涉,包含”,assessment意为“估计,评估;所估计之数额”,appreciation表示“感,感激;欣赏,评价,赏识”,presentation意为“赠送;提出;引见,介绍;出席,呈现;演出”。
比较起来,[B]项符合上述两点,而且意思上说得通。
appraisal的准确意思是“估计,估价,评价”,在此句中“评价”讲。
54.Inthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraph,thepronoun"it"refersto"______".
A)fittingouractionstothoseofotherpeopleappropriately
B)identificationofotherpeople'sstatuses
C)selectingone'sownstatusesD)constantmentalprocess
[答案及分析]:
[A]事实辨认题。
问第二段最后一句中“it”指代什么。
根据句意及其结构可知:
it指代thetask,即前一句“wefitoutactionstothoseofpeoplebasedonaconstantmentalprocessofappraisalandinterpretation”,不难看出[A]项正确。
4.。
。
Oneofthequalitiesthatmostpeopleadmireinothersisthewillingnesstoadmitone'smistakes.Itisextremelyhardsometimestosayasimplethinglike"Iwaswrongaboutthat,"anditisevenhardertosay,"Iwaswrong,andyouwererightaboutthat."
Ihadanexperiencerecentlywithsomeoneadmittingtomethathehadmadeamistakefifteeny
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