21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册+Unit6.docx
- 文档编号:10055331
- 上传时间:2023-02-08
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:13
- 大小:181.88KB
21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册+Unit6.docx
《21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册+Unit6.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册+Unit6.docx(13页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册+Unit6
21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册+Unit6
21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册Unit6
Unit6
TextA
Pre-readingActivities
FirstListening
Beforelisteningtothetape,haveaquicklookatthefollowingwords.
sock
短袜
EQ
情商
empathy
同情
SecondListening
Listentothetapeagain.Theychoosethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions.
1.ThelisteningpassagesaysthatEinsteinwasageniusintermsof_______.
A)EmotionalIntelligenceor"EQ"
B)IntellectualIntelligenceor"IQ"
C)bothEQandIQ
D)neitherEQnorIQ
2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanexampleofEmotionalIntelligence?
A)Understandingyourownfeelings.
B)Understandingthefeelingsofothers.
C)Beingabletohandleemotionseffectively.
D)Beingsmarterthanothersinyourclass.
3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribestherelationshipbetweenEQandIQ?
A)Peopletendtohavemoreofonethantheother.
B)Peopletendtohavethesameamountofeach.
C)Theyworktogethertomakeyousuccessful.
D)Theydependonsuchfactorsassocialclassandhowluckyyouare.
4.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?
A)Tointroduceanewconcept,EQ,andexplainitssignificance.
B)ToexplainwhyEQismoreimportantinlifethanIQ.
C)Todiscussdifferentdefinitionsofsuccess.
D)Tocriticizetraditionalnotionsofintelligence.
TheEQFactor
NancyGibbs
Itturnsoutthatascientistcanseethefuturebywatchingfour-year-oldsinteractwithamarshmallow.Theresearcherinvitesthechildren,onebyone,intoaplainroomandbeginsthegentletorment.Youcanhavethismarshmallowrightnow,hesays.ButifyouwaitwhileIrunanerrand,youcanhavetwomarshmallowswhenIgetback.Andthenheleaves.
Somechildrengrabforthetreattheminutehe'soutthedoor.Somelastafewminutesbeforetheygivein.Butothersaredeterminedtowait.Theycovertheireyes;theyputtheirheadsdown;theysingtothemselves;theytrytoplaygamesorevenfallasleep.Whentheresearcherreturns,hegivesthesechildrentheirhard-earnedmarshmallows.Andthen,sciencewaitsforthemtogrowup.
Bythetimethechildrenreachhighschool,somethingremarkablehashappened.Asurveyofthechildren'sparentsandteachersfoundthatthosewhoasfour-year-oldshadenoughself-controltoholdoutforthesecondmarshmallowgenerallygrewuptobebetteradjusted,morepopular,adventurous,confidentanddependableteenagers.Thechildrenwhogaveintotemptationearlyonweremorelikelytobelonely,easilyfrustratedandstubborn.Theycouldnotendurestressandshiedawayfromchallenges.AndwhensomeofthestudentsinthetwogroupstooktheScholasticAptitudeTest,thekidswhohadheldoutlongerscoredanaverageof210pointshigher.
WhenwethinkofbrillianceweseeEinstein,deep-eyed,woollyhaired,athinkingmachinewithskinandmismatchedsocks.Highachievers,weimagine,werewiredforgreatnessfrombirth.Butthenyouhavetowonderwhy,overtime,naturaltalentseemstoigniteinsomepeopleanddiminothers.Thisiswherethemarshmallowscomein.Itseemsthattheabilitytodelaygratificationisamasterskill,atriumphofthereasoningbrainovertheimpulsiveone.Itisasign,inshort,ofemotionalintelligence.Anditdoesn'tshowuponanIQtest.
Formostofthiscentury,scientistshaveworshippedthehardwareofthebrainandthesoftwareofthemind;themessypowersoftheheartwerelefttothepoets.Butcognitivetheorycouldsimplynotexplainthequestionswewonderaboutmost:
whysomepeoplejustseemtohaveagiftforlivingwell;whythesmartestkidintheclasswillprobablynotenduptherichest;whywelikesomepeoplevirtuallyonsightanddistrustothers;whysomepeopleremainupbeatinthefaceoftroublesthatwouldsinkalessresilientsoul.Whatqualitiesofthemindorspirit,inshort,determinewhosucceeds?
Thephrase"emotionalintelligence"wascoinedbyYalepsychologistPeterSaloveyandtheUniversityofNewHampshire'sJohnMayerfiveyearsagotodescribequalitieslikeunderstandingone'sownfeelings,empathyforthefeelingsofothersand"theregulationofemotioninawaythatenhancesliving."Theirnotionisabouttoboundintothenationalconversation,handilyshortenedtoEQ,thankstoanewbook,EmotionalIntelligencebyDanielGoleman.Goleman,aHarvardpsychologyPh.D.andaNewYorkTimessciencewriterwithagiftformakingeventhemostdifficultscientifictheoriesdigestibletolayreaders,hasbroughttogetheradecade'sworthofbehavioralresearchintohowthemindprocessesfeelings.Hisgoal,heannouncesonthecover,istoredefinewhatitmeanstobesmart.Histhesis:
whenitcomestopredictingpeople'ssuccess,brainpowerasmeasuredbyIQandstandardizedachievementtestsmayactuallymatterlessthanthequalitiesofmindoncethoughtofas"character"beforethewordbegantosoundold-fashioned.
Atfirstglance,therewouldseemtobelittlethat'snewheretoanyclosereaderoffortunecookies.Theremaybenolessoriginalideathanthenotionthatourheartsholddominionoverourheads."Iwassoangry,"wesay,"Icouldn'tthinkstraight."Neitherisitsurprisingthat"peopleskills"areuseful,whichamountstosaying,it'sgoodtobenice."It'ssotrueit'strivial,"saysDr.PaulMcHugh,directorofpsychiatryatJohnsHopkinsUniversitySchoolofMedicine.Butifitwerethatsimple,thebookwouldnotbequitesointerestingoritsimplicationssocontroversial.
Thisisnoabstractinvestigation.Golemanislookingforantidotestorestore"civilitytoourstreetsandcaringtoourcommunallife."Heseespracticalapplicationseverywhereforhowcompaniesshoulddecidewhomtohire,howcouplescanincreasetheoddsthattheirmarriageswilllast,howparentsshouldraisetheirchildrenandhowschoolsshouldteachthem.Whenstreetgangssubstituteforfamiliesandschoolyardinsultsendinstabbings,whenmorethanhalfofmarriagesendindivorce,whenthemajorityofthechildrenmurderedinthiscountryarekilledbyparentsandstepparents,manyofwhomsaytheyweretryingtodisciplinethechildforbehaviorlikeblockingtheTVorcryingtoomuch,itsuggestsademandforremedialemotionaleducation.
Anditisheretheargumentswillbreakout.Goleman'shighlypopularizedconclusions,saysMcHugh,"willchillanyveteranscholarofpsychotherapyandanyneuroscientistwhoworriesabouthowhisresearchmaycometobeapplied."Whilemanyresearchersinthisrelativelynewfieldaregladtoseeemotionalissuesfinallytakenseriously,theyfearthatanotionashandyasEQinvitesmisuse.Golemanadmitsthedangerofsuggestingthatyoucanassignanumericalvaluetoaperson'scharacteraswellashisintellect;GolemanneverevenusesthephraseEQinhisbook.Buthedidsomewhatreluctantlyapprovean"unscientific"EQtestinUSATodaywithchoiceslike"IamawareofevensubtlefeelingsasIhavethem,"and"Icansensethepulseofagrouporrelationshipandstateunspokenfeelings."
"Youdon'twanttotakeanaverageofyouremotionalskill,"arguesHarvardpsychologyprofessorJeromeKagan,apioneerinchild-developmentresearch."That'swhat'swrongwiththeconceptofintelligenceformentalskillstoo.Somepeoplehandleangerwellbutcan'thandlefear.Somepeoplecan'ttakejoy.Soeachemotionhastobevieweddifferently."EQisnottheoppositeofIQ.Somepeopleareblessedwithalotofboth,somewithlittleofeither.Whatresearchershavebeentryingtounderstandishowtheycomplementeachother;howone'sabilitytohandlestress,forinstance,affectstheabilitytoconcentrateandputintelligencetouse.Amongtheingredientsforsuccess,researchersnowgenerallyagreethatIQcountsforabout20%;therestdependsoneverythingfromclasstolucktotheneuralpathwaysthathavedevelopedinthebrainovermillionsofyearsofhumanevolution.
(1047words)
NewWords
EQ
(abbr.)emotionalquotient情商
interact
vi.(with)actorhaveaneffectoneachother相互作用;相互影响
marshmallow
n.softsweetmadefromsugarandgelatine果汁软糖
torment
n.severephysicalormentalsuffering(肉体或精神上的)折磨,痛苦
vt.causeseveresufferingto折磨;使痛苦
errand
n.smalljobthatrequiresashortjourney,usu.forsb.else(短程的)差事,差使
hard-earned
a.gainedwithgreatdifficultyoreffort辛苦挣来的
survey
n.investigation调查
adventurous
a.eagerfororfondofadventure渴望冒险的,喜欢冒险的
dependable
a.thatmaybedependedon可信赖的,可靠的
scholastic
a.ofschoolsandeducation学校的;的;学业的
aptitude
n.naturalabilityorskill天生的才能或技巧;天资
brilliance
n.thequalityofbeingbrilliant光辉,辉煌;壮丽;(卓越的)才华,才智
woolly
a.羊毛(制)的;产羊毛的;像羊毛的
mismatch
vt.match(peopleorthings)wronglyorunsuitably使错配,配合不当
sock
n.shortstockingcoveringtheankleandlowerpartoftheleg短袜
ignite
v.(causeto)catchfire,burn(使)着火,燃烧;发光
dim
v.(causeto)becomedim(使)变暗淡;(使)变模糊;(使)失去光泽
impulsive
a.(ofpeopleandtheirbehavior)markedbysuddenactionthatisundertakenwithoutcarefulthought(指人或人的行为)凭冲动的;易冲动的
messy
a.inastateofdisorder;dirty:
causingdirtordisorder凌乱的;脏的;搞乱的;搞脏的
upbeat
a.optimisticorcheerful乐观的;快乐的
resilient
a.1.有弹性的,有回弹力的;能复原的
2.有复原力的;富有活力的;适应性强的
empathy
n.abilitytoimagineandshareanotherperson'sfeelings,experience,etc.同情;同感;共鸣
handily
ad.灵巧地,熟练地;轻易地;近便地
digesti
ble
a.thatcanbedigested;relativelyeasytounderstand可消化的;可吸收的;较易理解的
behavioral
a.ofbehavior行为的
thesis
n.1.statementortheoryputforwardandsupportedbyargument论题,命题;论点
2.longwrittenessaysubmittedbyacandidateforauniversitydegree;dissertation毕业论文;学位
standardize
vt.make(sth.)conformtoafixedstandard,shape,quality,type,etc.使(某事物)标准化;使合乎标准(或规格)
fortune
n.1.largeamountof
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 21 世纪 大学 英语 读写 教程 第四 Unit6