Unit 3 Out of Step.docx
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Unit 3 Out of Step.docx
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Unit3OutofStep
Unit3OutofStep
SectionOnePre-readingActivities1
I.Lead-inRemarks1
II.CulturalBackground1
SectionTwoGlobalReading2
I.TextAnalysis2
II.StructuralAnalysis2
SectionThreeDetailedReading2
I.Text12
II.Questions4
III.WordsandExpressions5
IV.Sentences7
SectionFourConsolidationActivities7
I.Vocabulary7
II.Grammar10
III.Translation13
IV.ExercisesforIntegratedSkills14
V.OralActivities16
VI.Writing17
SectionFiveFurtherEnhancement19
I.Lead-inQuestionsforTextII19
II.Text219
III.MemorableQuotes22
SectionOnePre-readingActivities
.Lead-in:
1.Askstudentsaboutcarbrandsandthelogos
2.Howoftencarsareusedinourlife?
515排行网近日从遥远的美国获得消息,2013年8月份全球市场的汽车总销量约为660.3万辆,同比增长4%。
中国和美国成为全球销量最高的两个国家。
Car-freeday:
Sept.22
II.CulturalBackground
1.CarculturehasbeenamajornichelifestyleinAmerica.
2.Inthe1950s,thepost-warboomproducedagenerationofteenagerswithenoughincometobuytheirowncars.Thesecarsbecamesomuchmorethanjustmodesoftransportation.Theywerereflectionsofalifestyle.Theabilitytotuneandsoup-upmusclecarsgaveaverageJoestheopportunitytoshowofftheirpower,theirspeedandtheirstyleinawaythatpersonifiedthecarascharacter.
3.LikeGrannyinJanandDean's1964song“TheLittleOldLadyfromPasadena,”wecan'tkeepourfootofftheaccelerator.
4.Wearecrazyaboutourcars—andalwayshavebeen.“TheAmerican,”WilliamFaulknerlamentedin1948,“reallylovesnothingbuthisautomobile.”
5.Wedreamofcarsaswedreamoflovers.
6.Americanshavealwayscherishedpersonalfreedomandmobility,ruggedindividualismandmasculineforce.
SectionTwoGlobalReading
.TextAnalysis
MainIdea
“OutofStep”isanexpositionthatpresentstheabsurdityoftheAmericans’dependenceoncars.TheAmericans,beingsoaccustomedtousingcars,havealmostforgottentheexistenceoftheirlegs.Wherevertheygo,theygointheircars.Asaresult,pedestrianfacilitiesareneglectedincityplanningorrejectedbytheinhabitants.
.StructuralAnalysis
Paragraph1-6Thewriterintroduceshisideawithananecdote.
Paragraphs7-13Inthispart,theauthorpresentsthefactthattheAmericansarehabituatedtousingcarsforeverything.
Paragraphs14-20Inthispart,theauthorexplainsthatpedestrianfacilitiesareneglectedordiscarded.
SectionThreeDetailedReading
I.Text1
II.Questions
1)Whatkindoftownisit?
(Paragraph1)
Itisasmall,pleasantandagreeabletown.Theinhabitantsarefriendlyandwillingtohelp.Butalthoughthetowniscompact,fewpeoplegoaboutonfoot.
2)Whatisconsideredtheauthor’s“eccentricbehavior”?
(Paragraph3)
Insteadofridingacar,theauthorwalksaroundthecity,doinghisshopping,goingtothemoviesorvisitingthecaféorbar.Topeoplewhoareusedtogoingeverywhereinacar,heisaneccentric.
3)Whywoulddrivers“departreluctantly,evenguiltily”whentheirofferwasdeclined?
(Paragraphs3-6)
Withcarsbecomingthebasicessentialsoftheirlife,peoplearesohabituatedtousingthecarforeverything.Thesceneofsomebodywalkingaroundseemedsounusualtothemthattheywouldnaturallyshowtheirconcerntohim.Whentheiroffertogivehimaridewasdeclined,theyweresorryfornotbeingabletohelphimout.
4)Whydidtheauthorsay“Actually,I’msurpriseditwasthatmuch”?
(Paragraph14)
Whentheauthorfoundthatthenewlyplannedsuburbstotallyoverlookedpedestrianneeds,heassumedtherewasnobudgetforpedestrianfacilitiesatall.Sohesayshewassurprisedtolearnthatthereactuallywaslessthanonepercentofbudgetonit.Heretheauthorwriteswithatouchofirony.
5)WhydidLaconiachangeitsdowntownpedestrianmalltoonewithparkinglots?
(Paragraphs18-19)
Althoughthepedestrianmallwaswelldecorated,shopperswereunwillingtowalktothestoresfromaparkinggarage.Asaresult,itwasacommercialfailure.Thegovernmenthadtocompromisewiththepublicpreference.
ClassActivity
Groupdiscussion:
Whatdoesthetitlemean?
Withtheuseofthistitle,thewriterseemstosuggest
1.peoplenolongerwalkinAmerica;
2.thefewpeoplewhodowalkseemtobeold-fashionedand“eccentric”.
III.WordsandExpressions
Paragraphs1-6
sedatea.calm,seriousandformal
e.g.Sheisasedateoldlady;sheiscaringbutnevertalksmuch.
Thefightagainstanuclearpowerstationsitehastransformedanormallysedatetownintoabattlefield.
v.makecalmorsleepy,esp.withadrug
e.g.Thepatientwasheavilysedatedandrestingquietlyinbed.
Derivation:
sedately(ad.),sedation(n.),sedative(a.,n.)
eccentrica.(ofpeopleorbehavior)unconventionalandslightlystrange
e.g.Theoldgentleman,wholivedaloneallhislife,wassaidtohavesomeeccentrichabits.
n.apersonofunconventionalandslightlystrangeviewsorbehavior
e.g.Theoldgentlemanenjoyedacolorfulreputationasanengagingeccentric.
curbn.(BritishEnglish:
kerb)alineofraisedstonesseparatingthefootpathfromtheroad
v./n.(place)acontrolorlimitonsth.undesirable
e.g.Poornutritioncancurbachild’sdevelopmentbothphysicallyandmentally.
Therewillbenowcurbsondrunk-drivingfromnextmonth.
Paragraphs7-12
habituatev.accustombyfrequentrepetitionorprolongedexposure
e.g.Youmusthabituateyourselftoreadingaloud.
Bytheendoftheschoolterm,thestudentshadbeenhabituated/accustomed/usedtorisingatfiveo’clock.
contortionn.atwistedpositionormovementthatlookssurprisingorstrange
e.g.Thespectatorscannotbutadmirethecontortionsofthegymnasts.
Derivation:
contortv.causesth.totwistoutofitsnaturalshapeandlooksstrangeorunttractive
Comparison:
distort,twist,deform,contort&warp
Theseverbsmeantochangeandspoiltheformorcharacterofsth.
distort
Todistortistoalterinshape,asbytorsionorwrenching;thetermalsoappliestoverbalorpictorialmisrepresentationandtoalterationorperversionofthemeaningofsth.
e.g.Thehumanunderstandingislikeafalsemirror,which,receivingraysirregularlydistortsanddiscolorsthenatureofthingsbyminglingitsownnaturewithit.(FrancisBacon).
twist
Twistappliestodistortionofformormeaning.
e.g.amouthtwistedwithpain
HeaccusedmeoftwistinghiswordstomeanwhatIwantedthemto.
deform
Ifyoudeformsth.,orifitdeforms,itsusualshapechangessothatitsusefulnessorappearanceisspoiled.
e.g.Greaterosiondeformedthelandscape.
Theearlierpartofhisdiscoursewasdeformedbypedanticdivisionsandsubdivisions.
contort
Ifyoucontortsth.,orifitcontorts,ittwistsoutofitsnormalshapeandlooksstrangeorunattractive.
e.g.afacecontortedwithrage;
acontortedlineofreasoning.
warp
Warpcanrefertoaturningortwistingfromaflatorstraightform.
e.g.Thefloorboardshadwarpedovertheyears.
Italsocanimplyinfluencingsb.inawaythathasaharmfuleffectonhowtheythinkorbehave.
e.g.Prejudicewarpsthejudgment.
Paragraphs13-20
bringsth.hometosb.:
makesb.realizesth.
e.g.Thenewsreporthasbroughthometousalltheplightoftheprisonersofwar.
Comparison:
drivesth.hometosb.,hit/strikehome
drivesth.hometosb.:
makesb.realizesth.,esp.bysayingitoften,loudly,angrily,etc.
e.g.TheprofessordrovehometothemthattheymustfinishthewritingassignmentbyFriday.
hit/strikehome:
(ofremarks,etc.)havetheintended(oftenpainful)effect
e.g.Youcouldseefromhisexpressionthathersarcasticcommentshadhit/strickenhome.
entertainv.consideranidea,etc.orallowyourselftothinkthatsth.mighthappenorbetrue
e.g.Herefusedtoentertainourproposal.
entertainideas,doubts,etc
negotiatev.
getoverorpast(anobstacle,etc.)successfully;managetotravelalongadifficultroute
e.g.Theonlywaytonegotiatethepathisonfoot.
FrankMarianonegotiatesthedessertterraininhisbatteredpickup.
Practice
那攀登者得攀越一陡峭岩石。
Theclimberhadtonegotiateasteeprockface.
那马轻易跳过了栅栏。
Thehorsenegotiatedthefencewithease.
coov.speakinasoft,gentle,andlovingway,esp.whenexpressingsurprise
e.g.“Howwonderfultoseeyouagain,darling,”shecooed.
Thelittlegirlisalwayscooingoverthoseparrotsofhers.
anewadv.(fml.)againoronemoretime,esp.inadifferentway
e.g.Thescientistsstartedtheexperimentanew.
Thefilmtellsanewthestoryofherrisetostardom.
IV.Sentences
1.IntheUnitedStateswehavebecomesohabituatedtousingthecarforeverythingthatitdoesn’toccurtoustounfurlourlegsandseewhatthoselowerlimbscando.(Paragraph7)
Paraphrase:
PeopleintheUnitedStatestendtodriveforbasicallyeverypurpose,somuchsothattheyhaveforgottenthattheystillhavelegsandaboutwhattheirlegscando.
2.Iconfessithadnotoccurredtomehowthoughtlesslydeficientnatureisinthisregard.(Paragraph13)
Paraphrase:
IadmitthatIhaveneverrealizedIhadbeensostupid.
3.…Iwaspossiblytheonlypersonevertohaveentertainedthenotionofnegotiatingthatintersectiononfoot.(Paragraph17)
Paraphrase:
…Iwaslikelytobetheonlypersonwhohadeverattemptedtocrossthatintersectiononfoot.
SectionFourConsolidationActivities
I.Vocabulary
1.WordDerivation
1)agreev.→agreeablea.→agreementn.
①我同意他对情况的分析。
Iagreewithhisanalysisofthesituation.
②我觉得他极易相处。
Ifoundhimmostagreeable.
③与雇主们的协议终于达成了。
Anagreementwiththeemployerswasfinallyworkedout.
2)eccentrica./n.→eccentricityn.
①这个俱乐部里好像都是怪人。
Theclubseemedtobefullofeccentrics.
②他的怪僻之一是睡觉睡在床底下而不睡在床上
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